【摘要】： 目的:本研究通過分析長期居住在電子垃圾處理場區(qū)域并出現(xiàn)不良妊娠(滯留流產(chǎn)、胎兒畸形、死胎)情況的年輕夫婦的染色體畸變和微核的情況,結合單細胞凝膠電泳實驗和相關微量元素的檢測,探討該人群遺傳物質損傷的程度及電子垃圾污染物對當?shù)厝巳荷彻δ艿挠绊憽?方法:選取20對長期居住在電子垃圾處理場區(qū)域,居住半徑≤5公里,已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)不良妊娠情況的夫妻作為研究組,對照組為未接觸污染物并且居住地相距20～50公里的40位居民(男、女各20位),條件與研究組相匹配。取其外周血進行染色體核型分析、微核檢測、單細胞凝膠電泳實驗以及微量元素(銅、鐵、鎂、鋅、鉛、硒)的觀察,并與的對照組比較,用t檢驗(染色體畸變率、TDNA%、TM、OTM及各種微量元素含量)和x~2檢驗(微核率)進行統(tǒng)計學分析。 結果:(1)研究組染色體畸變率無著絲粒斷片發(fā)生率:0.1%±0.003;微小體的發(fā)生率:0.225%±0.005;雙著絲粒+環(huán)狀染色體:0.175%±0.004;單體斷裂:0.15%±0.004;單體裂隙:0.075%±0.003,與對照組比較,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.01)。(2)研究組微核率為13.63‰,對照組微核率為3.47‰,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.01)。研究組中女性的微核率為12.4‰,低于同組中男性微核率(14.85‰),差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。(3)單細胞凝膠電泳實驗檢測分析研究組慧星尾部DNA百分含量(TDNA%):6.4107%±3.53743;尾矩(TM):1.5883%±1.36788;Olive尾矩(OTM):1.9329%±1.03982,與對照組比較差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.01)。(4)研究組血鉛含量為99.59±18.29μg/l,對照組為37.88±7.36μg/l;研究組血鋅含量為75.51±12.87μg/l;對照組為101.06±23.79μg/l;研究組血鐵含量為7.24±0.97μg/l,對照組為8.34±1.71μg/l,研究組血鎂含量為1.61±0.18μg/l,對照組為1.45±0.13μg/l,差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.01)。血銅和血硒含量比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。 結論:研究結果提示,不科學的電子垃圾處理產(chǎn)生的污染物是該地區(qū)人群潛在的遺傳誘變劑,造成遺傳物質損傷,進而影響生殖功能,嚴重時會導致不良奸娠。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei of young couples who have been living in the electronic waste disposal site for a long time and have adverse pregnancy (residual abortion, fetal malformation, stillbirth). Combined with single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and the detection of related trace elements, the degree of genetic material damage and the effect of electronic garbage pollutants on the reproductive function of local population were studied. Methods: a total of 20 couples with a living radius of less than 5 km and who had already had adverse pregnancy were selected as the study group. The control group consisted of 40 residents (20 males and 20 females) who were not exposed to contaminants and lived 2050 km away from each other. The conditions were matched with the study group. Chromosome karyotype analysis, micronucleus detection, single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and trace elements (copper, iron, magnesium, zinc, lead, selenium) in peripheral blood were analyzed and compared with control group. T test (chromosome aberration rate, TDNA%,) was used. TM,OTM and various trace elements) and xan2 test (micronucleus rate) were analyzed statistically. Results: (1) the rate of chromosome aberration in study group was 0.1% 鹵0.003, 0.225% 鹵0.005 for microsomes, 0.175% 鹵0.004 for bicentric chromosomes and 0.175% 鹵0.004 for bicentric chromosomes. Monomer fracture: 0.15% 鹵0.004; The monomeric fissure: 0.075% 鹵0.003, the difference was statistically significant (P0.01). (2), the micronucleus rate in the study group was 13.63 鈥，

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