【摘要】： 目的:本研究通過(guò)分析長(zhǎng)期居住在電子垃圾處理場(chǎng)區(qū)域并出現(xiàn)不良妊娠(滯留流產(chǎn)、胎兒畸形、死胎)情況的年輕夫婦的染色體畸變和微核的情況,結(jié)合單細(xì)胞凝膠電泳實(shí)驗(yàn)和相關(guān)微量元素的檢測(cè),探討該人群遺傳物質(zhì)損傷的程度及電子垃圾污染物對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝巳荷彻δ艿挠绊憽?方法:選取20對(duì)長(zhǎng)期居住在電子垃圾處理場(chǎng)區(qū)域,居住半徑≤5公里,已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)不良妊娠情況的夫妻作為研究組,對(duì)照組為未接觸污染物并且居住地相距20～50公里的40位居民(男、女各20位),條件與研究組相匹配。取其外周血進(jìn)行染色體核型分析、微核檢測(cè)、單細(xì)胞凝膠電泳實(shí)驗(yàn)以及微量元素(銅、鐵、鎂、鋅、鉛、硒)的觀(guān)察,并與的對(duì)照組比較,用t檢驗(yàn)(染色體畸變率、TDNA%、TM、OTM及各種微量元素含量)和x~2檢驗(yàn)(微核率)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。 結(jié)果:(1)研究組染色體畸變率無(wú)著絲粒斷片發(fā)生率:0.1%±0.003;微小體的發(fā)生率:0.225%±0.005;雙著絲粒+環(huán)狀染色體:0.175%±0.004;單體斷裂:0.15%±0.004;單體裂隙:0.075%±0.003,與對(duì)照組比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01)。(2)研究組微核率為13.63‰,對(duì)照組微核率為3.47‰,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01)。研究組中女性的微核率為12.4‰,低于同組中男性微核率(14.85‰),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。(3)單細(xì)胞凝膠電泳實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測(cè)分析研究組慧星尾部DNA百分含量(TDNA%):6.4107%±3.53743;尾矩(TM):1.5883%±1.36788;Olive尾矩(OTM):1.9329%±1.03982,與對(duì)照組比較差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01)。(4)研究組血鉛含量為99.59±18.29μg/l,對(duì)照組為37.88±7.36μg/l;研究組血鋅含量為75.51±12.87μg/l;對(duì)照組為101.06±23.79μg/l;研究組血鐵含量為7.24±0.97μg/l,對(duì)照組為8.34±1.71μg/l,研究組血鎂含量為1.61±0.18μg/l,對(duì)照組為1.45±0.13μg/l,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01)。血銅和血硒含量比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 結(jié)論:研究結(jié)果提示,不科學(xué)的電子垃圾處理產(chǎn)生的污染物是該地區(qū)人群潛在的遺傳誘變劑,造成遺傳物質(zhì)損傷,進(jìn)而影響生殖功能,嚴(yán)重時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致不良奸娠。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei of young couples who have been living in the electronic waste disposal site for a long time and have adverse pregnancy (residual abortion, fetal malformation, stillbirth). Combined with single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and the detection of related trace elements, the degree of genetic material damage and the effect of electronic garbage pollutants on the reproductive function of local population were studied. Methods: a total of 20 couples with a living radius of less than 5 km and who had already had adverse pregnancy were selected as the study group. The control group consisted of 40 residents (20 males and 20 females) who were not exposed to contaminants and lived 2050 km away from each other. The conditions were matched with the study group. Chromosome karyotype analysis, micronucleus detection, single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and trace elements (copper, iron, magnesium, zinc, lead, selenium) in peripheral blood were analyzed and compared with control group. T test (chromosome aberration rate, TDNA%,) was used. TM,OTM and various trace elements) and xan2 test (micronucleus rate) were analyzed statistically. Results: (1) the rate of chromosome aberration in study group was 0.1% 鹵0.003, 0.225% 鹵0.005 for microsomes, 0.175% 鹵0.004 for bicentric chromosomes and 0.175% 鹵0.004 for bicentric chromosomes. Monomer fracture: 0.15% 鹵0.004; The monomeric fissure: 0.075% 鹵0.003, the difference was statistically significant (P0.01). (2), the micronucleus rate in the study group was 13.63 鈥，

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