【摘要】： 甲醛是一種常見的裝修型化學(xué)性室內(nèi)空氣污染物,同時也是一種全球性的環(huán)境污染物。它具有污染來源廣、時間長、水平高、毒性種類多等特點,因而已成為目前我國環(huán)境衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域研究的熱點和難點。甲醛暴露對人體健康的影響主要涉及：呼吸道和眼部的刺激作用、神經(jīng)行為改變、生殖毒性、致敏作用和免疫毒性、氧化損傷、遺傳毒性和癌癥等諸多方面。本文主要研究甲醛的氧化毒性和遺傳毒性,以及說明其分子機制,這對全面和系統(tǒng)的了解甲醛毒性具有十分重要的意義,并為室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量的改善提供更科學(xué)的依據(jù)。本研究以大鼠肝細(xì)胞為研究對象,通過檢測8-羥基脫氧鳥苷含量來探討其遺傳毒性,檢測丙二醛含量來研究其氧化毒性。研究結(jié)果如下： 1甲醛致遺傳毒性作用 為了探討外源性化合物暴露致內(nèi)臟細(xì)胞DNA氧化損傷程度的定量檢測方法,以8-羥基脫氧鳥苷為分子生物標(biāo)志物,以甲醛為模式外源性化合物,應(yīng)用大鼠肝細(xì)胞懸液進(jìn)行體外染毒實驗研究。實驗設(shè)置甲醛染毒的終濃度分別為0、5、15、45μmol/L,在大鼠肝細(xì)胞懸液染毒1h后,檢測肝細(xì)胞懸液中的8-羥基脫氧鳥苷(8-OHdG)研究結(jié)果顯示,隨著甲醛濃度升高,大鼠肝細(xì)胞中8-OHdG呈升高趨勢(F=59.55,p0.01),高濃度組(45/μmol/L) 8-OHdG含量具有顯著性(p〈0.01),中濃度組(15μmol/L)的這種差別也具有顯著性(p0.01),低濃度組(5μmol/L)的這種差異沒有顯著性(p0.05)。因此,8-OHdG不但可以用于血液和尿液樣品的檢測,而且采用本項研究摸索出的前處理方法可以很好地定量測定內(nèi)臟細(xì)胞DNA氧化損傷的程度。 2甲醛致氧化損傷效應(yīng) 以大鼠肝臟細(xì)胞為研究材料,測定肝臟細(xì)胞中MDA的含量,檢測甲醛對小鼠肝細(xì)胞的氧化損傷效應(yīng)。結(jié)果顯示：隨著甲醛染毒濃度的上升,大鼠肝臟細(xì)胞MDA含量也隨之上升(F=75.82,p〈0.01),并且與對照組相比,小鼠肝臟細(xì)胞MDA含量依次升高,而且這種升高在FA染毒濃度為15μmol/L時就出現(xiàn)顯著性差異(P0.05)；高濃度組(45μmol/L) MDA含量與對照組的差異具極顯著性(p0.01)。證明高濃度甲醛引起肝細(xì)胞膜脂質(zhì)的嚴(yán)重?fù)p傷。
[Abstract]:Formaldehyde is a common decoration chemical indoor air pollutant, but also a global environmental pollutant. It has the characteristics of wide source of pollution, long time, high level and many kinds of toxicity, so it has become a hot and difficult point in the field of environmental health in our country. The effects of formaldehyde exposure on human health include respiratory tract and eye irritation, neurobehavioral changes, reproductive toxicity, sensitization and immune toxicity, oxidative damage, genetic toxicity and cancer. This paper mainly studies the oxidative and genetic toxicity of formaldehyde and explains its molecular mechanism, which is of great significance for a comprehensive and systematic understanding of formaldehyde toxicity, and provides a more scientific basis for the improvement of indoor air quality. In this study, the genetic toxicity of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and the oxidative toxicity of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine were studied by detecting the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat hepatocytes. The results are as follows: 1 the genotoxic effect of formaldehyde in order to study the quantitative detection method of DNA oxidative damage in visceral cells induced by exogenous compounds, Using 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine as molecular biomarker and formaldehyde as model exogenous compound, rat hepatocyte suspension was used to study the toxicity in vitro. The final concentration of formaldehyde was set at 45 渭 mol 路L ~ (-1), respectively. The 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in rat hepatocyte suspension was detected with the increase of formaldehyde concentration for 1 hour after exposure to formaldehyde, and the results showed that the concentration of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in rat hepatocyte suspension increased with the increase of formaldehyde concentration. The level of 8-OHdG in rat hepatocytes was increased (FV 59.55, p0.01), the content of 8-OHdG in high concentration group (45 / 渭 mol / L) was significant (p < 0.01), the difference in middle concentration group (15 渭 mol / L) was also significant (p0.01), there was no significant difference in low concentration group (5 渭 mol / L) (p0.05). Therefore, 8-OHdG can not only be used for the detection of blood and urine samples, Moreover, the pre-treatment method developed in this study can be used to determine quantitatively the degree of DNA oxidative damage in visceral cells. 2 oxidative damage induced by formaldehyde in rat liver The visceral cells were used as the research materials. The content of MDA in liver cells and the oxidative damage effect of formaldehyde on mouse hepatocytes were determined. The results showed that the content of MDA in rat liver cells increased with the increase of formaldehyde concentration (FF75.82, p < 0.01), and the content of MDA in liver cells of mice increased in turn compared with the control group. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the level of MDA between the high concentration group (45 渭 mol / L) and the control group (p0.01) when the FA concentration was 15 渭 mol / L (P0.05), and the concentration of MDA in the high concentration group (45 渭 mol / L) was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.01). It was proved that high concentration of formaldehyde caused serious damage to lipids of liver cell membrane.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R363

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 李亞琳;;液態(tài)甲醛對雄性小鼠生殖毒性的研究[J];動物醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)展;2012年12期

2 李亞琳;;甲醛對小鼠肝臟毒性作用的研究[J];動物醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)展;2013年04期

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本文編號：2124629