本文選題：頰脂肪墊 + 神經　； 參考：《延邊大學》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： [目的]對頰脂肪墊進行系統的研究。研究正常人的頰脂肪墊的解剖特點以及頰脂肪墊與周圍組織的關系、神經、血管的走行長度及與頰脂肪墊的關系,為頰脂肪墊在美容整形、帶蒂移植以及口腔修復等臨床應用方面提供有效的實驗和依據以及解剖學依據。 [方法]選取10例,即20側經福爾馬林固定的成人的尸頭標本(均未經過乳膠灌注處理),逐層解剖,對頰脂肪墊以及其與神經、血管及周圍組織的關系進行詳細的描述和測量。 [結果](1)對頰脂肪墊頰突的大體分為三角型、細長型、橢圓型。其中三角型9側,占總側數的45%;細長型6側,占總側數的30%;橢圓型5側,占總側數的25%。 (2)頰脂肪墊的頰突長為23.90±1.31mm,底寬為18.69±1.90mm,厚為2.50±0.28mm。翼突的長度為11.19±1.41mm,底寬為14.75±2.03mm,厚度為1.96±0.34 mm; (3)頰突的最外端至眼的外眥、下頜角、鼻翼、口角及耳垂的距離分別是58.08±1.59mm、39.87±2.05mm、53.68±1.80mm、63.97±1.18mm、45.73±2.35mm。: (4)腮腺導管在頰脂肪墊頰突下方的共有4側,占20%;腮腺導管在頰脂肪墊頰突上方的共有15側,占75%。腮腺導管在頰脂肪墊頰突底下穿過的共有1側,占5%。腮腺導管的寬經為:為3.75±0.23 mm。腮腺導管由起始處至頰脂肪墊的距離為31.14±1.36mm。腮腺導管由進入頰間隙始至同側上頜第二磨牙牙冠相對粘膜的距離為:為21.13±1.00mm。 (5)對血管的測量:上牙槽后動脈為22.23±1.89mm。頰動脈為25.03±2.45mm。上頜動脈為15.25±0.72mm。未知動脈為22.22±3.70 mm。上頜靜脈為15.12±0.73 mm。面靜脈為27.29±1.43 mm。 (6)各血管的口徑分別為:上牙槽后動脈為1.22±0.12 mm。頰動脈為0.74±0.10 mm。上頜動脈為1.90±0.19 mm。未知動脈為0.57±0.10 mm。上頜靜脈為1.60±0.17 mm。面靜脈為2.22±0.23 mm。 (7)對神經的測量:舌神經為10.81±1.05 mm。頰神經為21.92±1.50 mm。其口徑:舌神經為2.12±0.15mm。頰神經為1.09±0.08mm。 (8)翼突的外側邊與下牙槽神經的夾角為20°～50°。 [結論](1)頰脂肪墊的頰突分為三種類型,即三角型45%、細長型30%及橢圓型25%。 (2)發(fā)現一條未知名動脈,其由上頜動脈分支,由翼腭窩發(fā)出,途經翼腭突向前上,整個貫穿于頰脂肪墊的頰突其出現率為75%(13側)。其命名需要進一步的探討和確定。 (3)翼突靠下頜骨的側外側邊與下牙槽神經的夾角,其角度的范圍在20°～50°。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the buccal fat pad systematically. To study the anatomical characteristics of buccal fat pad, the relationship between buccal fat pad and surrounding tissue, the length of nerve and blood vessel, and the relationship between buccal fat pad and buccal fat pad. The clinical application of pedicle transplantation and oral prosthesis provides effective experimental and anatomical basis. [methods] Ten cadaveric heads of 20 sides of adult fixed by formalin were selected. The buccal fat pad and its relationship with nerves, blood vessels and surrounding tissues were described and measured in detail. [results] the buccal process of buccal fat pad was divided into triangular type, slender type and elliptical type. The buccal process length, bottom width and thickness of buccal fat pad were 23.90 鹵1.31 mm, 18.69 鹵1.90 mm, 2.50 鹵0.28 mm and 2.50 鹵0.28 mm respectively in 9 sides of triangle type, 30 sides of total side in slender type, 5 sides in elliptical type, 23.90 鹵1.31 mm in buccal fat pad, 18.69 鹵1.90 mm in bottom width and 2.50 鹵0.28 mm in thickness in buccal fat pad. The pterygoid process was 11.19 鹵1.41mm in length, 14.75 鹵2.03mm in width and 1.96 鹵0.34mm in thickness. The distance between oral angle and ear lobe was 58.08 鹵1.59mm ~ (39.87 鹵2.05mm) ~ 53.68 鹵1.80mm ~ (63.97 鹵1.18mm) 45.73 鹵2.35 mm 路: 4) the parotid duct had 4 sides below the buccal process of buccal fat pad, and 15 sides of parotid duct were above buccal fat pad, accounting for 75.The parotid duct had 15 sides above the buccal process of buccal fat pad, and the parotid duct had 15 sides above the buccal process of buccal fat pad. The parotid duct passed under the buccal fat pad in 1 side, accounting for 5%. The width of parotid duct was 3.75 鹵0.23 mm. The distance from the beginning of parotid duct to buccal fat pad was 31.14 鹵1.36 mm. The distance between the parotid duct entering the buccal space and the relative mucous membrane of the crown of the ipsilateral maxillary second molar was 21.13 鹵1.00 mm 路m.05) the blood vessel was measured as follows: the posterior alveolar artery was 22.23 鹵1.89mm. The buccal artery was 25.03 鹵2.45mmm. The maxillary artery was 15.25 鹵0.72 mm. The unknown artery was 22.22 鹵3.70 mm. The maxillary vein was 15.12 鹵0.73 mm. The diameter of each vessel was 1.22 鹵0.12 mm. for the posterior alveolar artery. The buccal artery was 0.74 鹵0.10 mm. The maxillary artery was 1.90 鹵0.19 mm. The unknown artery was 0.57 鹵0.10 mm. The maxillary vein was 1.60 鹵0.17 mm. The facial vein was 2.22 鹵0.23 mm 路m.7) the lingual nerve was 10.81 鹵1.05 mm. The buccal nerve was 21.92 鹵1.50 mm. The diameter of tongue nerve was 2.12 鹵0.15 mm. The angle between the lateral side of the pterygoid process and the inferior alveolar nerve was 1.09 鹵0.08mm. the angle between the lateral side of the pterygoid process and the inferior alveolar nerve was 20 擄and 50 擄. [conclusion] the buccal process of buccal fat pad can be divided into three types: triangular 45, slender 30% and elliptical 25.1) an unnamed artery was found, which branches from the maxillary artery, originates from the pterygopalatine fossa, and runs forward through the pterygopalatine process. The occurrences of the entire buccal process throughout the buccal fat pad were 75 and 13 sides. The nomenclature needs further discussion and determination. The angle between the lateral side of the pterygoid process and the inferior alveolar nerve is in the range of 20 擄to 50 擄.
【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R322

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