本文選題：室內(nèi)爆炸 + 犬�。� 參考：《第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 目的: 1、利用爆轟塔建立室內(nèi)胸部爆震傷模型; 2、觀測(cè)犬爆震傷后相關(guān)指標(biāo)的變化情況; 3、分析胸部爆震傷后早期病理生理變化,為早期救治胸部爆震傷提供新思路及理論依據(jù)。 方法: 1、健康成年雜種犬22只(第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)中心提供),雌雄不拘,質(zhì)量(12.71±0.81)kg,根據(jù)不同爆炸效應(yīng)將所有動(dòng)物隨機(jī)分為4組:A組6只,炸藥劑量30g,犬距離爆源1m,爆炸時(shí)胸骨處超壓為73kPa;B組6只,炸藥劑量80g,犬距離爆源1m,爆炸時(shí)胸骨處超壓為145kPa;C組5只,炸藥劑量80g,犬距離爆源0.8m,爆炸時(shí)胸骨處超壓為284kPa;D組為無(wú)致傷對(duì)照組(5只)。 2、觀測(cè)犬爆震傷前和爆震傷后1min,5min,10min,30min,1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h基本生命體征變化情況,監(jiān)測(cè)犬致傷前,致傷后2min,1h,6h血?dú)庾兓闆r,測(cè)量犬肺含水量變化、肺總蛋白含量及肺組織谷胱甘肽含量變化情況,觀測(cè)爆震傷后肺組織光鏡下、電鏡下形態(tài)學(xué)變化。 結(jié)果: 1、A組全部存活,B組死亡率為33.3%,C組死亡率為80%。 2、A組受傷較輕,B組受傷程度明現(xiàn)高于A組和對(duì)照組,C組損傷過(guò)重,救治困難。 3、部分肺組織實(shí)變(肺泡及間質(zhì)充滿白細(xì)胞和紅細(xì)胞)其余肺泡腔融合或代償性擴(kuò)張,呈氣腫樣改變,部分肺泡細(xì)胞脫落,毛細(xì)血管擴(kuò)張嚴(yán)重;所有犬肺切片鏡下未見(jiàn)明顯粉紅色肺水腫樣改變。 結(jié)論: 1、B組6小時(shí)內(nèi)死亡率僅為33.3%,受傷程度嚴(yán)重,能夠反映胸部爆震傷病情變化特點(diǎn),較為穩(wěn)定,適合作為室內(nèi)胸部爆震傷動(dòng)物模型。 2、爆震傷后犬早期最明顯的癥狀為低氧血癥和休克。 3、室內(nèi)爆炸反射超壓產(chǎn)生的附加效應(yīng)有限,室內(nèi)低氧和爆炸煙霧影響更大。
[Abstract]:Objective: 1. The model of chest detonation injury was established by detonation tower. 2. Observe the changes of related indexes after explosive injury in dogs; 3. To analyze the early pathophysiological changes after chest blast injury, and to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for early treatment of chest blast injury. Methods: 1. Twenty-two healthy adult mongrel dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups: group A, and group A, with 12. 71 鹵0. 81 kg of weight, provided by animal experimental center of the fourth military Medical University. The explosive dose was 30g, the distance of the dog was 1m, the overpressure of sternum was 73kPaB, the explosive dose was 80g, the distance of canine was 1m, and the overpressure of sternum was 145kPa-C at the time of explosion. The explosive dose was 80 g, the distance between the dogs and the explosive source was 0.8 m, and the sternal overpressure of 284kPaD group was non-injuried control group (n = 5) at the time of explosion. 2. The changes of basic vital signs before and 1 min after blast injury were observed. The changes of basic vital signs were observed before and 1 min after blast injury. The changes of blood gas, lung water content, total protein content in lung and glutathione content in lung tissue were measured before and 2 min after injury. The morphologic changes of lung tissue after blast injury were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. Results: 1the mortality of group A and B was 33.3% and the mortality rate of group C was 80. 2the degree of injury in group A was significantly higher than that in group A and control group. (3) partial pulmonary tissue consolidation (alveolar and interstitial cells filled with white blood cells and red blood cells), other alveolar lumen fusion or compensatory dilatation, showing emphysematous changes, some alveolar cells shedding, capillary dilatation serious; No obvious pink pulmonary edema was observed in all canine lung sections. Conclusion: 1the mortality rate in group B was only 33.30.The degree of injury was serious, which could reflect the characteristics of chest blast injury and was stable. It was suitable for animal model of chest blast injury. 2. Hypoxemia and shock were the most obvious symptoms in dogs after explosive injury. 3. The additional effect of indoor explosion reflection overpressure is limited, and the effect of indoor hypoxia and explosion smoke is more serious.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：R655;R-332

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