發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-10 12:54

  本文選題：支氣管哮喘 + 心理應(yīng)激�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 目的本研究采用卵蛋白(OVA)致敏和束縛應(yīng)激的方法建立心理應(yīng)激與支氣管哮喘大鼠模型,旨在：(1)考察心理應(yīng)激對(duì)哮喘大鼠中樞和外周免疫功能的影響；(2)觀察不同年齡階段(成年和幼年)心理應(yīng)激對(duì)哮喘大鼠氣道炎癥和免疫功能的影響；(3)探討幼年和成年心理應(yīng)激影響哮喘的潛在生理機(jī)制及HPA軸在這一過(guò)程中的作用。 方法選用21日齡(斷奶)健康雄性Wistar幼年大鼠32只,隨機(jī)分為正常對(duì)照組、哮喘模型組、成年心理應(yīng)激哮喘組(成年應(yīng)激組)和幼年心理應(yīng)激哮喘組(幼年應(yīng)激組),每組8只。建立心理應(yīng)激與哮喘動(dòng)物模型,觀察動(dòng)物行為學(xué)與肺組織形態(tài)學(xué)變化,蘇木精-伊紅(HE)染色與白細(xì)胞亞群計(jì)數(shù),放免法測(cè)定血清IL-4、皮質(zhì)醇、肺泡灌洗液(BALF)免疫球蛋白(Ig)E及腦組織IL-1β含量。 結(jié)果1.卵蛋白激發(fā)后第7天正常對(duì)照組大鼠無(wú)明顯異常,哮喘模型組大鼠出現(xiàn)煩躁不安,噴嚏,抓咬,呼吸氣促,腹肌收縮加深等表現(xiàn),嚴(yán)重者呼吸減慢或節(jié)律不齊,輕度紫紺,四肢癱軟,行動(dòng)遲滯或俯伏不動(dòng),反應(yīng)遲鈍；激發(fā)后第14天發(fā)現(xiàn)大鼠體重減輕、毛色失去光澤,反應(yīng)遲鈍。成年應(yīng)激組和幼年應(yīng)激組動(dòng)物上述表現(xiàn)更為顯著,且具有拒捕、抓咬、不安、狂躁和驚恐、依從兩種不同的行為特點(diǎn)。 2.正常對(duì)照組大鼠肺組織無(wú)明顯炎性病變；哮喘模型組氣道上皮排列不整,支氣管腔狹窄,粘膜損傷,并有嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞、淋巴細(xì)胞及單核細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)；成年應(yīng)激組和幼年應(yīng)激組大鼠氣道上皮排列不整明顯,肺間質(zhì)有大量炎性細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn),氣道及血管周?chē)仔约?xì)胞明顯增多,炎性病變更為嚴(yán)重。哮喘模型組、成年應(yīng)激組和幼年應(yīng)激組大鼠白細(xì)胞總數(shù)和嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞數(shù)目均顯著高于正常對(duì)照組(p0.01),成年應(yīng)激組嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞數(shù)顯著高于哮喘模型組(p0.05),幼年應(yīng)激組白細(xì)胞和嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞數(shù)均顯著高于哮喘模型組(p0.05)。 3.哮喘模型組、成年應(yīng)激組和幼年應(yīng)激組大鼠血清IL-4含量均顯著高于正常對(duì)照組(p0.05),成年應(yīng)激組和幼年應(yīng)激組大鼠血清IL-4含量顯著高于哮喘模型組(p0.05)。哮喘模型組、成年應(yīng)激組皮質(zhì)醇含量顯著高于正常對(duì)照組(p0.01),幼年應(yīng)激組顯著低于正常對(duì)照組(p0.05)。成年應(yīng)激組皮質(zhì)醇含量顯著高于哮喘模型組(p0.05)。 4.各組大鼠BALF中IgE含量差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.05)。 5.哮喘模型組和成年應(yīng)激組大鼠腦組織IL-1β含量顯著高于正常對(duì)照組(p0.05),幼年應(yīng)激組顯著低于哮喘模型組(p0.05)。 結(jié)論1.心理應(yīng)激加重大鼠免疫功能的紊亂,加重大鼠哮喘。具體表現(xiàn)為：束縛應(yīng)激加重哮喘大鼠支氣管和肺組織局部炎性病變,導(dǎo)致局部白細(xì)胞總數(shù)、嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞數(shù)目增加及行為和多項(xiàng)免疫指標(biāo)的改變。 2.幼年束縛應(yīng)激導(dǎo)致血清皮質(zhì)醇和中樞IL-1β含量降低,而成年束縛應(yīng)激引起哮喘動(dòng)物血清皮質(zhì)醇和中樞IL-1β含量的升高。 3.心理應(yīng)激引起神經(jīng)-內(nèi)分泌-免疫系統(tǒng)交互作用方式的改變,HPA軸在這一過(guò)程中具有重要作用。幼年和成年應(yīng)激均加重哮喘癥狀,但幼年心理應(yīng)激加重哮喘的機(jī)制卻不同于成年心理應(yīng)激：成年束縛應(yīng)激活化HPA軸的功能,對(duì)外部威脅作出適應(yīng)性反應(yīng),幼年心理應(yīng)激則對(duì)HPA軸的應(yīng)答性具有長(zhǎng)效抑制效應(yīng)。應(yīng)激年齡是心理應(yīng)激作用性質(zhì)和方向的一個(gè)重要影響因素。
[Abstract]:Objective the aim of this study was to establish a rat model of psychological stress and bronchial asthma by using ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and restraint stress. (1) to investigate the effects of psychological stress on the central and peripheral immune function of asthmatic rats; (2) to observe the airway inflammation and immune function of asthmatic rats at different age stages (adult and young years). (3) to explore the potential physiological mechanism of juvenile and adult psychological stress affecting asthma and the role of HPA axis in this process.
Methods 32 healthy male Wistar rats of 21 days of age (weaning) were randomly divided into normal control group, asthma model group, adult psychological stress asthma group (adult stress group) and juvenile psychological stress asthma group (juvenile stress group), 8 rats in each group. The model of psychological stress and asthma was established, and the changes of animal behavior and lung histomorphology were observed. Hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and leukocyte subgroup count, radioimmunoassay were used to determine serum IL-4, cortisol, alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) immunoglobulin (Ig) E and the content of IL-1 beta in brain tissue.
Results there was no obvious abnormality in the normal control group on the seventh day after 1. ovalbumin stimulation. The rats in the model group of asthma appeared to be restless, sneezing, grasping, breathing, and deepening the contraction of the abdominal muscles. The severe breathing slowed or the rhythm was inhomogeneous, mild cyanosis, limp limbs, delayed action or slow reaction, and delayed reaction; fourteenth days after stimulation, the rats were found big. Rats lose weight, hair color loses luster, and reaction is slow. Adult stress group and young stress group have more remarkable performance, and have two different behavior characteristics, such as rejection, bite, restlessness, manic and panic.
2. in the normal control group, there was no obvious inflammatory lesion in the lung tissue of the normal control group. The airway epithelium in the model group was not arranged, the bronchial tube was narrow, the mucous membrane was damaged, and the eosinophils, lymphocytes and mononuclear cells infiltrated, and the airway epithelium of the adult stress group and the young stress group was unarranged, and the interstitial lung was infiltrated by a large number of inflammatory cells. The number of leukocytes and the number of eosinophils in the asthmatic group, the adult stress group and the young stress group were significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P0.01). The eosinophil number of adult stress group was significantly higher than that of the asthma model group (P0.05), and the white blood cell in the juvenile stress group was significantly higher than that in the adult stress group. The number of eosinophils was significantly higher than that in asthmatic model group (P0.05).
3. the serum IL-4 content in the adult stress group and the young stress group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P0.05). The serum IL-4 content of the adult stress group and the young stress group was significantly higher than that of the asthma model group (P0.05). The cortisol content in the adult stress group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P0.01), the young stress group was significantly higher than the normal control group. Significantly lower than normal control group (P0.05). The cortisol content in adult stress group was significantly higher than that in asthma model group (P0.05).
4. there was no significant difference in IgE content in BALF of rats in each group (P0.05).
5. in the asthma model group and adult stress group, the contents of IL-1 beta in the brain tissue of rats were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P0.05), and the juvenile stress group was significantly lower than that in the asthma model group (P0.05).
Conclusion 1. the psychological stress and the disorder of the immune function of rats aggravates the asthma in rats. The specific manifestation is that the binding stress aggravates the local inflammatory lesions in the bronchial and lung tissues of the asthmatic rats, resulting in the total number of leukocytes, the increase of the number of eosinophils and the changes of the behavior and many immune indexes.
2. juvenile binding stress caused the decrease of serum cortisol and central IL-1 beta, and the increase of serum cortisol and central IL-1 beta in asthmatic animals caused by adult restraint stress.
3. psychological stress causes a change in the interaction of the neuroendocrine immune system, the HPA axis plays an important role in this process. Both young and adult stress aggravate the symptoms of asthma, but the mechanism of juvenile psychological stress aggravates asthma is different from adult psychological stress: adult binding should activate the function of the HPA axis and make an external threat. Adaptive response, young psychological stress has a long-term inhibitory effect on the response of HPA axis. Stress age is an important factor in the nature and direction of psychological stress.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：R395.1

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