本文選題：頜面部血管 + 明膠-氧化鉛��； 參考：《南華大學》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 目的: 1.對人體頜面部進行巨微解剖及血管鑄型,為臨床整形美容術提供應用解剖參考依據(jù)。 2.探討人體頜面部血管數(shù)字化的方法,對頜面部血管及其周圍結構的毗鄰關系進行三維可視化研究。 材料和方法: 1.巨微解剖:6例正常成人頭頸部標本,經(jīng)頸總動脈灌注紅色乳膠或汞溴紅溶液,在肉眼和手術顯微鏡下從下頜骨下緣、耳屏前緣至鼻背部由淺入深逐層解剖,觀測并記錄頜面部血管的起始處外徑、走行、分支、分布、吻合及伴行情況。 2.血管鑄型:3例正常成人頭頸部標本(新鮮),經(jīng)頸總動脈加壓注入紅色過氯乙烯填充劑,經(jīng)腐蝕后觀察頜面部血管的來源、走行、分支、分布、吻合及伴行情況。 3.血管造影及三維重建:3例新鮮成人頭面部標本,灌注前行CT掃描,掃描后經(jīng)頸總動脈灌注明膠-氧化鉛造影劑,分別進行放射顯影和CT連續(xù)掃描,掃描數(shù)據(jù)以.dicom格式保存,導入Mimics軟件,采用表面遮蓋顯示法(shaded surface display,SSD)對顱骨、頜面部血管和面部輪廓進行三維重建與可視化顯示,觀察它們的三維毗鄰關系。 結果: 1.頜面部血管的解剖學特點 頜面部的動脈血管主要來源于面動脈、眼動脈、上頜動脈和顳淺動脈的分支。⑴面動脈主要供養(yǎng)面頰部、唇部和頦部,起始部位恒定,但其走行、分布、終止部位易變,面動脈起始處外徑2.3±0.4mm,出現(xiàn)率為100%。⑵頦下動脈是面動脈的恒定分支,起始外徑1.8±0.6mm,出現(xiàn)率為100%。⑶下唇動脈的起始外徑1.2±0.4mm,出現(xiàn)率為75%。⑷上唇動脈起始部位較恒定,起始外徑1.3±0.3mm,出現(xiàn)率為96.8%。⑸鼻翼下緣動脈起始外徑1.0±0.3mm,出現(xiàn)率為83.3%。⑹鼻翼動脈起始外徑0.6±0.2mm,出現(xiàn)率為91.67%。⑺鼻外側動脈起始外徑0.9±0.2mm,出現(xiàn)率為91.67%。⑻內(nèi)眥動脈起始外徑0.6±0.2mm,出現(xiàn)率為66.67%。⑼面動脈咬肌支起始處外徑1.2±0.2mm,出現(xiàn)率為50%。⑽鼻背動脈起始外徑0.8±0.3mm,出現(xiàn)率為58.33%。⑾眶下動脈出眶下孔起始外徑1.0±0.2mm,出現(xiàn)率為100%。⑿面橫動脈起始外徑1.8±0.5mm,出現(xiàn)率為100%。⒀顴眶動脈起始外徑1.0±0.3mm,出現(xiàn)率為100%。⒁眶上動脈出眶上孔起始處外徑1.0±0.2mm,出現(xiàn)率為100%。⒂滑車上動脈起始處外徑1.3±0.3mm,出現(xiàn)率為100%。 2.不同研究方法顯示血管的特點 ⑴.巨微解剖:常規(guī)灌注后血管飽滿,血管走行清楚,容易分離,便于追蹤觀測血管的分支、分布、外徑大小。 ⑵.血管鑄型:頜面部血管細密,管道飽滿、粗細、疏密合理,動脈顯示完整,標本美觀、色澤鮮艷、立體感強。 ⑶.三維可視化:重建頜面部主要動脈的三維可視化解剖模型,生動形象的顯示了頜面部血管的空間位置及與周圍組織的毗鄰關系,可以任意方向旋轉、觀察,可以按照設計需要進行切割、局部顯示,操作簡單、靈活方便。 結論: 1.通過乳膠灌注、血管鑄型、明膠-氧化鉛血管造影及三維重建等多種方法對頜面部動脈血管進行了系統(tǒng)的研究,為臨床頜面部整形美容術提供了應用解剖參考依據(jù)。 2.乳膠灌注、血管鑄型、明膠-氧化鉛血管造影及三維重建等方法均能清晰地顯示頜面部的動脈血管,各有其特點。其中明膠-氧化鉛血管造影及三維重建建立的頜面部血管的三維可視化模型,可以為臨床頜面部整形術的手術設計、制定術前方案及應用解剖基礎研究等提供新的方法,具有較好的發(fā)展與應用前景。
[Abstract]:Objective:
1. microanatomy and vascular casting for human maxillofacial region will provide anatomical basis for clinical plastic surgery.
2. to explore the method of digitalization of human maxillofacial vessels, and to visualize the relationship between maxillofacial vessels and their surrounding structures.
Materials and methods:
1. giant microanatomy: 6 cases of normal adult head and neck specimens, red latex or Merbromin Solution were perfused through the common carotid artery. Under the naked eye and operation microscope, the lower edge of the mandible, the anterior edge of the screen to the back of the nose were dissected from the shallow to the deep, and the external diameter, branch, distribution, anastomosis and accompanying condition of the maxillofacial vessels were observed and recorded.
2. vascular cast: 3 cases of normal adult head and neck specimens (fresh), the red perchloroethylene filling agent was injected through the common carotid artery, and the origins, branches, distribution, anastomosis and accompanying conditions of the maxillofacial vessels were observed after corrosion.
3. angiography and three-dimensional reconstruction: 3 cases of fresh adult head and face specimens, before perfusion CT scan, after scanning the common carotid artery perfusion of gelatin and lead oxide contrast agent, the radiography and CT continuous scanning, the scanning data were stored in.Dicom format, imported Mimics software, using the surface cover display method (shaded surface display, SSD) to the skull, Three dimensional reconstruction and visualization of maxillofacial vessels and facial contours were carried out to observe their 3-dimensional adjacency relationship.
Result:
Anatomic characteristics of the 1. maxillofacial vessels
The arterial blood vessels of the maxillofacial region are mainly derived from the branches of the facial artery, the ophthalmic artery, the maxillary artery and the superficial temporal artery. The main supply of the facial artery is the cheek, the lip and the chin, and the initial location is constant, but it moves, distributes, the terminated part is changeable, the external diameter of the beginning of the facial artery is 2.3 + 0.4mm, and the occurrence rate of the submental artery is a constant branch of the facial artery, 100%. (2). The initial external diameter was 1.8 + 0.6mm. The initial external diameter of the lower lip artery of 100%. 3 was 1.2 + 0.4mm, the occurrence rate was the constant initial location of the upper lip artery of 75%. 4, the initial outer diameter was 1.3 + 0.3mm, the occurrence rate was 1 + 0.3mm of the initial outer diameter of the inferior flange of the nasal alar artery, and the occurrence rate was 0.6 + 0.2mm, and the occurrence rate was 91.67%.. The initial external diameter of the lateral nasal artery was 0.9 + 0.2mm, and the occurrence rate was 0.6 + 0.2mm external diameter of the medial canthus artery of 91.67%.. The appearance rate was 1.2 + 0.2mm, the occurrence rate was 0.8 + 0.3mm, the occurrence rate was 1 + 0.2mm, the incidence rate was 100. The initial external diameter of the transverse lateral artery was 1.8 + 0.5mm, and the occurrence rate was 1 + 0.3mm, and the occurrence rate was 1 + 0.2mm of the outer diameter of the upper orbital foramen of 100%. (100%.). The occurrence rate was 1.3 + 0.3mm, and the occurrence rate was 100%..
2. different methods of study show the characteristics of blood vessels
Microanatomy: after routine perfusion, the vessels are full and the blood vessels are clear and easy to separate. It is easy to track and observe the branches, distribution and external diameter of blood vessels.
2. Vascular cast: the maxillofacial vessels are dense, the pipes are full, the thickness is thick, the density is reasonable, the arteries are displayed intact, the specimens are beautiful, the color is bright, and the three-dimensional sense is strong.
Three-dimensional visualization: reconstruction of the three-dimensional visual anatomical model of the main arteries of the maxillofacial region, vividly showing the spatial position of the blood vessels in the maxillofacial region and the adjacent relations with the surrounding tissue. It can be rotated in any direction, and can be cut in accordance with the needs of the design, local display, simple operation and flexible and convenient.
Conclusion:
1. the arterial vessels of the maxillofacial region were systematically studied through a variety of methods, such as latex perfusion, vascular cast, gelatin - lead oxide angiography and three-dimensional reconstruction, which provided an applied anatomical reference for the clinical maxillofacial plastic surgery.
2. latex perfusion, vascular cast, gelatin lead oxide angiography and three-dimensional reconstruction can clearly display the arterial vessels of the maxillofacial region, each of which has its own characteristics. The former program and applied anatomy basic research provide new methods and have good prospects for development and application.

【學位授予單位】：南華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R322

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相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 王愛平;頜面部血管的應用解剖及三維可視化研究[D];南華大學;2008年

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本文編號：1866533