本文選題：人隱孢子蟲　切入點(diǎn)：流行病學(xué)　出處：《河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前國內(nèi)少有的一些研究表明人主要感染人隱孢子蟲(Cryptosporidium hominis),但C. hominis群體遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)尚不清楚,從而不能推斷人隱孢子蟲病的感染來源和傳播機(jī)制。本課題對開封地區(qū)人源隱孢子蟲分離株以基于SSU rRNA基因的PCR-RFLP方法為主要工具進(jìn)行種類和基因型鑒定、以GP60基因位點(diǎn)進(jìn)行亞型分析,從而解析C. hominis群體遺傳結(jié)構(gòu),初步總結(jié)出人隱孢子蟲病的流行規(guī)律和傳播機(jī)制。并用C. hominis不同亞型分離株感染蒙古沙鼠、新生仔豬和羔羊,觀察其臨床癥狀和病理變化,從而研究不同亞型之間的生物學(xué)差異。同時(shí)對國內(nèi)主要C. hominis和微小隱孢子蟲(C. parvum)基因亞型進(jìn)行致病性研究,了解國內(nèi)醫(yī)學(xué)上主要隱孢子蟲種生物學(xué)特性,以期為隱孢子蟲公共衛(wèi)生安全屏障的建立起到有效推動(dòng)作用。 開封是國家精品旅游城市,以其獨(dú)特的旅游資源和深厚的旅游文化,每年接納數(shù)億海內(nèi)外游客,人員流動(dòng)性大,有利于機(jī)會(huì)性人獸共患寄生蟲傳播流行。為了解開封地區(qū)臨床病人隱孢子蟲感染狀況,用飽和蔗糖溶液漂浮法、甲醛-乙酸乙酯-改良抗酸染色法對該地區(qū)門診和住院病人6 093份糞便樣品進(jìn)行了檢查。結(jié)果檢出隱孢子蟲感染率為0.1%,秋季為感染高峰期,6歲以下兒童感染率較高。所有分離株均為C. hominis,Ib亞型家族占5/6,Ia亞型家族1/6。研究表明開封地區(qū)臨床病人隱孢子蟲感染率較低,但仍應(yīng)進(jìn)一步開展健康教育,普及衛(wèi)生知識(shí),提高自我保健意識(shí)和自我保健能力,預(yù)防食源性寄生蟲病的發(fā)生和流行。 目前國內(nèi)一些研究表明人主要感染人隱孢子蟲(Cryptosporidium hominis),但已獲取且傳代保存的國內(nèi)C. hominis分離株較少,C. hominis生物學(xué)特性研究未見報(bào)道。在本試驗(yàn)自感染前第10d起,采用胃導(dǎo)管灌服地塞米松抑制蒙古沙鼠(Meiiones Unguiculataus)免疫力直至排卵囊結(jié)束后14d,對國內(nèi)C. hominis Ib亞型分離株進(jìn)行生物學(xué)特性研究。結(jié)果顯示,感染后3d,感染組有卵囊排出,感染后第6d出現(xiàn)高峰期,此后逐漸下降直至感染后10或11d排卵囊結(jié)束。感染前后基于18S rRNA和gp60基因分析,表明遺傳學(xué)無差異。建立了持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的C. hominis Ib亞型分離株嚙齒動(dòng)物模型,為C. hominis卵囊擴(kuò)增和進(jìn)一步研究其生物學(xué)特性等提供了重要的參考依據(jù)。 為了尋求更為經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的C. parvum卵囊保種傳代方法,將19日齡蒙古沙鼠隨機(jī)分成5組,免疫抑制對照組和感染組采用胃導(dǎo)管灌服地塞米松0.80mg·只-1·2d-1,10d后,感染組沙鼠灌胃接種C. parvum卵囊,對排卵囊規(guī)律,臨床表現(xiàn)及組織學(xué)和超微結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了觀察。結(jié)果感染后第2d有卵囊排除,顯露期OPG值近似于犢牛實(shí)驗(yàn),且持續(xù)時(shí)間較犢牛感染長,為C. parvum卵囊保種傳代提供了更為經(jīng)濟(jì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)方法。 為了初步確定人隱孢子蟲同一亞型家族內(nèi)不同亞型是否存在生物學(xué)表型差異,用分離自開封地區(qū)某醫(yī)院的C. hominis分離株ZZH-1 (IbA20G2)和WJH-35 (IbA19G2)感染新斷奶蒙古沙鼠,3日齡羔羊和仔豬;通過比較感染后動(dòng)物的臨床癥狀、蟲體寄生部位、寄生量和病理變化并測定感染動(dòng)物的排卵囊規(guī)律、體重變化等一系列指標(biāo)來初步確證不同亞型人隱孢子蟲致病性差異。研究結(jié)果顯示,不同亞型人隱孢子蟲的致病作用存在一定差異,為下一步隱孢子蟲毒理的深入研究奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。 為了研究人隱孢子蟲(Cryptosporidium hominis IbA19G2)和微小隱孢子蟲(C. parvum IIdA19G1)對新生仔豬的致病性差異。將3日齡新生仔豬隨機(jī)分為三組,經(jīng)口感染不同基因型隱孢子蟲,對排卵囊規(guī)律,臨床表現(xiàn)及病理變化進(jìn)行觀察。結(jié)果C. hominis感染后潛隱期和顯露期均較C. parvum長,顯露期C. parvum平均OPG值大于C. hominis,感染后仔豬體重變化存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異,C. hominis對體重影響較為嚴(yán)重。表明兩蟲株對新生仔豬致病性存在差異。
[Abstract]:At present, few studies show that people who infect Cryptosporidium (Cryptosporidium hominis), but the C. hominis population genetic structure is not clear, thus cannot infer Cryptosporidium infection sources and transmission mechanism. The research on insect human Cryptosporidium Kaifengs isolates by PCR-RFLP SSU based on rRNA gene as the main tool for identification of species and genotypes, GP60 gene loci were subtype analysis and genetic analysis of C. hominis population structure, summarizes cryptosporidiosis epidemiology and transmission mechanism. And C. strains of different subtypes of hominis infection in Mongolia gerbils, newborn piglets and lamb, observe the clinical symptoms in order to study the biological and pathological changes, the difference between different subtypes. At the same time to the domestic main C. hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) of pathogenic gene subtypes, To understand the biological characteristics of the main Cryptosporidium species in domestic medicine, in order to promote the establishment of the public health safety barrier of Cryptosporidium.
It is the national excellent tourist city, with its unique tourism resources and deep cultural tourism, every year millions of tourists from home and abroad, staff mobility, to spread opportunistic parasites. In order to understand the clinical patient Kaifengs Cryptosporidium infection status by saturated sucrose flotation method, formaldehyde - ethyl acetate check - modified acid fast staining in the area of outpatient and inpatient 6093 fecal samples. Results the detection of Cryptosporidium infection rate was 0.1%, autumn is the peak of infection, high rate of children under the age of 6. The infection isolates were C. hominis, Ib subtype family accounted for 5/6, 1/6. Ia sub family study that type of Kaifengs clinical patient Cryptosporidium infection rate is low, it is necessary to further carry out health education, popularization of health knowledge, improve self-care awareness and self-care ability, prevention of food borne parasites The occurrence and prevalence of disease.
At present, some studies show that people who infect Cryptosporidium (Cryptosporidium hominis), but they have been preserved and the passage of the domestic C. hominis isolates less study on the biological characteristics of hominis C. have not been reported. In this article 10d test before infection, the gastric catheter perfusion of dexamethasone suppression (Meiiones Unguiculataus) in Mongolia until immunity after the end of pvax-cp15-p23-cp15 14d, biological characteristics research of domestic C. hominis Ib isolates. The results showed that after 3D infection, infection group oocyst discharge after 6D infection, reached the peak, then decreased gradually until 10 11d after infection or oocyst infection before and after rRNA and 18S. The end of the gp60 gene based on analysis showed that no differences in genetics. Established a stable C. hominis subtype Ib strains rodent models, C. and hominis were amplified in order to further study the biological characteristics of extraction It provides an important reference basis.
In order to seek a more economical and effective method to ensure the passage of C. parvum oocysts, 19 day old Mongolia gerbils were randomly divided into 5 groups, control group and immunosuppressive infection group with gastric gavage catheter 0.80mg -1 dexamethasone 2d-1,10d after infection group gerbils were orally inoculated C. parvum oocysts of pvax-cp15-p23-cp15 of clinical manifestations and the histology and ultrastructure were observed. Results the infection after 2D oocysts exclusion, revealed OPG is approximate to the experimental calves, and the duration is calves infected long, provide more experimental methods for economic C. parvum oocysts FVB.
In order to preliminarily determine the Cryptosporidium hominis same subtype family in different subtypes of the existence of biological phenotypes, isolated from a hospital for Kaifengs C. hominis isolate ZZH-1 (IbA20G2) and WJH-35 (IbA19G2) infection in newly weaned Mongolia gerbils, 3 day old piglets and lamb; through the comparison of clinical symptom after infection of the animal and parasitic site, and the pathological changes and determination of oocyst infection of parasitic animal, weight change and a series of indicators to preliminarily confirmed that different subtypes of Cryptosporidium hominis pathogenicity difference. The results of the study show that there are some differences in pathogenicity of different subtypes of Cryptosporidium hominis, laid the theoretical foundation for the in-depth on the next step of Cryptosporidium toxicology.
In order to study the Cryptosporidium hominis (Cryptosporidium hominis IbA19G2) and Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum IIdA19G1) on the pathogenicity of newborn piglets. 3 day old newborn piglets were randomly divided into three groups, oral infection of different genotypes of Cryptosporidium oocyst, law, clinical manifestation and pathological changes were observed. The results of C. after hominis infection, latent period and exposure period were lower than C. parvum, C. parvum OPG revealed the average value is greater than C. hominis, there was significant difference in piglet weight changes after infection and effect of C. hominis on body weight is more serious. Showed that two strains of piglet pathogenic differences.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：R382.3;S852.7

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