本文選題：果蠅　切入點：睡眠　出處：《黑龍江中醫(yī)藥大學》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 睡眠是一種重要的生理現(xiàn)象,對人的生活和健康有著重要的影響,良好的睡眠可以使人消除疲勞,更好地恢復精神和體力,保持良好的覺醒狀態(tài),可以提高工作、學習效率。因此,睡眠質(zhì)量問題受到人們越來越多的關注。然而,隨著現(xiàn)代社會生活節(jié)奏的加快,工作壓力的提高,失眠成為人們生活中一種常見的疾病和其他身體疾病的誘因。 睡眠是一個非常復雜的生理過程,經(jīng)歷了幾十年的研究,其功能機制還不十分清楚。雖然建立了許多假說,但是沒有一個學說獲得普遍的公認。近年來發(fā)現(xiàn),黑腹果蠅(Drosophila melanogaster)的睡眠在行為表現(xiàn)、藥物反應、基因表達等方面都表現(xiàn)出和人類睡眠極大的相似性,加之其遺傳學的優(yōu)勢,目前已成為較為理想的研究睡眠功能及機制的生物系統(tǒng)。 本論文采用果蠅活動監(jiān)測研究方法,應用自動紅外測定儀(果蠅活動監(jiān)測儀,DAMS;Trikinetics Inc.Waltham,MA USA)聯(lián)合高倍錄像系統(tǒng)進行果蠅活動的24小時的連續(xù)監(jiān)測。以果蠅靜止不活動時間大于5分鐘,即為果蠅的睡眠時間,通過對果蠅24小時活動次數(shù)記錄的分析,以果蠅睡眠時間為評價指標,分別考察了性別,日齡對果蠅24小時晝夜節(jié)律下睡眠總時間的影響及其對睡眠-覺醒周期的影響。結果表明: 1.從晝夜活動節(jié)律圖(睡眠—覺醒周期圖)中,可以看出果蠅晝夜活動在黑暗—光照的過渡時期或者是光照—黑暗的過渡時期較頻繁(即早七點和晚七點),表現(xiàn)出兩個活動高峰,隨著日齡的增加,這兩個高峰表現(xiàn)得越來越不明顯。果蠅睡眠主要發(fā)生在黑夜。 2.同一日齡不同性別的果蠅,睡眠時間有明顯的不同。雄性果蠅的睡眠時間均長于雌性果蠅,二者有顯著差異(p＜0.001),與雄性果蠅相比,雌性果蠅個體之間的睡眠時間存在較大的差異。 3.相同性別不同日齡的果蠅,在睡眠時間上也存在明顯的差異。剛出生果蠅和20日齡、30日齡果蠅的睡眠時間相比較,存在著極顯著性差異(p＜0.01),但是,剛出生的果蠅和六日齡在果蠅睡眠時間上沒有明顯差異(p＞0.05)。 上述實驗結果為今后開展果蠅的睡眠研究奠定方法學的基礎。
[Abstract]:Sleep is an important physiological phenomenon that has an important impact on people's lives and health. Good sleep can help people eliminate fatigue, recover their mental and physical strength, maintain a good awakening, and improve their work. Learning efficiency. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the problem of sleep quality. However, with the acceleration of the pace of life in modern society, the pressure of work has increased. Insomnia has become a common cause of illness and other physical diseases in people's lives. Sleep is a very complex physiological process that has been studied for decades and its functional mechanism is not very clear. Although many hypotheses have been established, none of them have been universally recognized. The sleep of Drosophila melanogaster shows a great similarity with human sleep in the aspects of behavior, drug response, gene expression, and its genetic advantages. At present, it has become an ideal biological system to study sleep function and mechanism. In this paper, the method of Drosophila activity monitoring was used, and the DAMS-Trikinetics Trikinetics Inc.Waltham-MA USAA system was used to monitor the activity of Drosophila melanogaster continuously for 24 hours. The inactive time of Drosophila was more than 5 minutes. That is, the sleep time of Drosophila melanogaster. By analyzing the 24 hour activity times of Drosophila melanogaster, using the sleep time of Drosophila melanogaster as the evaluation index, the sex of Drosophila melanogaster was investigated. The effect of day age on the total sleep time of Drosophila melanogaster under the 24-hour circadian rhythm and its effect on the sleep-wake cycle. The results showed that:. 1. From the circadian rhythms of activity (Sleep / Awakening cycle), It can be seen that the activities of fruit flies during the dark-light transition period or the light-dark transition period are more frequent (I. e., 7 o'clock in the morning and 7 o'clock in the evening), showing two peaks of activity, with the increase of the age of the day. These two peaks are becoming less and less apparent. Drosophila sleep occurs mainly in the night. 2. The sleeping time of fruit flies of different genders of the same day is obviously different. The sleeping time of male fruit flies is longer than that of female fruit flies, and there is significant difference between them (p < 0.001), which is compared with that of male fruit flies. There was a significant difference in sleep time among female Drosophila melanogaster individuals. 3. There were significant differences in sleep time between newly born Drosophila and 20-day-old and 20-day-old Drosophila melanogaster at the same sex and different days of age (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in sleep time between the newly born fruit fly and the six day old fruit fly (p > 0.05). These results provide a methodological basis for future studies on drosophila sleep.
【學位授予單位】：黑龍江中醫(yī)藥大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R33;R-332

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