本文選題：性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)　切入點(diǎn)：積極心理學(xué)　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 【目的】 本研究通過對國內(nèi)某綜合性大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)生性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)的調(diào)查,了解醫(yī)學(xué)生的性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu),并分析其性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)特征與生活滿意度和抑郁之間的關(guān)系,再通過強(qiáng)化性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)的團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo),研究其對提高醫(yī)學(xué)生自尊和自我接納的影響作用。本研究旨在探討起源于美國的積極心理學(xué)理論在中國醫(yī)學(xué)生心理健康實(shí)踐中的適用性,探索提高醫(yī)學(xué)生心理健康水平的新方法。 【方法】 研究分三個層次展開,首先調(diào)查醫(yī)學(xué)生的性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu),并比較本科生群體和研究生群體的異同;其次在本科生群體中開展性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)特征與生活滿意度和抑郁之間關(guān)系探討;然后在研究生群體中實(shí)踐以強(qiáng)化性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)為主要方法的團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo),對其自尊和自我接納的影響作用。具體如下: 研究一,224名醫(yī)學(xué)生(本科121人,碩士研究生103人,男生87人,女生131人),完成VIA優(yōu)點(diǎn)問卷(Value in Action Inventory of Strengths,VIA-IS),比較本科生和研究生兩個不同群體間性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)的異同,并在群體內(nèi)部將性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)排序,找出最強(qiáng)優(yōu)點(diǎn)和最弱優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 研究二,121名醫(yī)學(xué)本科生(男生62人,女生59人),完成VIA優(yōu)點(diǎn)問卷、生活滿意度量表(The Satisfaction with Life Scale,SWLS)和流調(diào)用抑郁自評量表(center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression,CES-D),分析醫(yī)學(xué)生性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)與生活滿意度與抑郁之間的關(guān)系。 研究三,70名醫(yī)學(xué)生(男生25人,女生45人),分別納入團(tuán)體咨詢組(35人)和空白對照組(35人)。在開始時對全體對象采用VIA優(yōu)點(diǎn)問卷、自尊量表(Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale,RSES)和自我接納問卷(The Self AcceptanceQuestionnaire,SAQ)測查性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)、自尊和自我接納的基線水平,對團(tuán)體咨詢組進(jìn)行為期6周的以強(qiáng)化性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)為主要方法的積極心理團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo),對照組不作任何處理,在6周結(jié)束時以及結(jié)束1個月后,兩組均再次測量自尊和自我接納這兩個變量,比較其變化,研究強(qiáng)化性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)的團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)是否對醫(yī)學(xué)生的自尊和自我接納產(chǎn)生影響。 【結(jié)果】 1.研究一發(fā)現(xiàn),醫(yī)學(xué)本科生毅力、謙虛和洞察力等三項(xiàng)性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)的平均分低于研究生,其余21項(xiàng)無顯著差異。另外,本科生和研究生擁有四項(xiàng)相同的最強(qiáng)優(yōu)點(diǎn),分別為正直、仁慈、愛和公平,但是本科生還偏向于對美的鑒賞,而研究生更偏向于感恩;同時,本科生與研究生還共同擁有三項(xiàng)最弱優(yōu)點(diǎn),分別為創(chuàng)造力、洞察力和勇敢,而本科生的社交智慧和謙虛更弱,研究生的虔誠和自我調(diào)節(jié)更弱。 2.研究二發(fā)現(xiàn),24項(xiàng)性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)與生活滿意度均成正相關(guān)(P＜0.05),而與抑郁水平多成負(fù)相關(guān)(p值同上)。其中與生活滿意度關(guān)系較密切的依次為希望、好奇心、愛、風(fēng)趣和洞察力,同樣,與抑郁水平關(guān)系較密切的依次為希望、風(fēng)趣、好奇心、寬恕和愛。 3.研究三發(fā)現(xiàn),自尊在三次施測中,兩組均保持相對穩(wěn)定,無顯著改變,時間與分組未產(chǎn)生交互作用(p＞0.05);而自我接納在實(shí)驗(yàn)組隨著時間的推移呈增高趨勢,對照組無顯著變化,組間差異明顯(p＜0.05),時間與分組產(chǎn)生了交互作用(p＜0.01)。 【結(jié)論】 1.在醫(yī)學(xué)生中性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)以正直、仁慈、愛和公平為最主要,而學(xué)歷造成的差異主要體現(xiàn)在毅力、謙虛和洞察力等三方面。 2.24項(xiàng)性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)中的希望、好奇心、愛、風(fēng)趣和洞察力依次與生活滿意度呈顯著正相關(guān),而希望、風(fēng)趣、好奇心、寬恕和愛依次與抑郁水平呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。提示重點(diǎn)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的希望、好奇、風(fēng)趣和愛等性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)有可能提高學(xué)生的積極品質(zhì)。 3.強(qiáng)化性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)的積極心理團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)對提高醫(yī)學(xué)生自我接納水平具有促進(jìn)作用。 上述研究結(jié)果表明,積極心理學(xué)理論不僅適用于美國,在中國也同樣適用。關(guān)注學(xué)生的性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)對提高學(xué)生的心理健康水平具有促進(jìn)作用。
[Abstract]:[Objective]
This study through the investigation of domestic students in a comprehensive university medical school character strengths, understand the medical students personality model, and analyze the relationship between personality characteristic and life satisfaction and depression, through the strengthening of character the advantages of group counseling on the provided high self-esteem of medical students and influence of self acceptance. The purpose of this study is to explore the theory of positive psychology originated in the United States for mental health practice in Chinese medical students, to explore a new method to improve the level of mental health of medical students.
[method]
The research is divided into three levels, the first survey of character strengths structure of medical students, and compare the similarities and differences of undergraduates and graduate students; secondly discusses the relationship between the personality characteristics and advantages of life satisfaction and depression of Undergraduates in a group; then in the group practice of graduate students to strengthen the characters as the main method of group counseling on the influence of self-esteem and self acceptance. The details are as follows:
The first study, 224 students (121 undergraduate, 103 graduate students, 87 boys and 131 girls), VIA (Value in Action Inventory questionnaire has the advantages of of Strengths, VIA-IS), and compare the similarities and differences between undergraduate and graduate students among two groups of characters, and characters sort within groups to find out the advantages and advantages of the strongest, the weakest.
On the two, 121 medical students (62 boys and 59 girls), VIA has completed the questionnaire, life satisfaction scale (The Satisfaction with Life Scale, SWLS) and self ratingdepression scale (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression, CES-D), analysis of the relationship between medical students' character strengths and life satisfaction and depression.
In study three, 70 students (25 boys and 45 girls), were included in the group counseling group (35 people) and control group (35 people). The advantages of VIA questionnaire on all objects in the beginning, the self esteem scale (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, RSES) and Self Acceptance Questionnaire (The Self AcceptanceQuestionnaire. SAQ) test characters, self-esteem and self acceptance of the baseline, for 6 weeks of positive psychological groups to strengthen the advantages of character as the main method of group counseling on the Advisory Group, the control group without any treatment, at the end of the 6 week and 1 months after the end of the two groups were measured again, and self esteem self acceptance of these two variables, comparing the changes, enhancement of character strengths of group counseling whether on medical students' self-esteem and self acceptance influence.
[results]
A 1. study found that medical students will graduate, below average modest and insight three character strengths, the remaining 21 had no significant difference. In addition, undergraduate and graduate students have the same four strongest advantages, respectively, integrity, kindness, love and justice, but also in favor of undergraduates on the appreciation of beauty, but the graduate students tend to be more grateful; at the same time, undergraduate and graduate students have three advantages are the weakest, creativity, insight and courage, wisdom and modesty and undergraduate social weaker, Graduate piety and self regulating more weak.
The 2. study found two, 24 character strengths and life satisfaction were positively correlated (P < 0.05), and more negatively related to depression level (P.). The relationship with life satisfaction is closely followed by hope, curiosity, love, humor and insight, similarly, close relationship with the level of depression in order to hope, humor, curiosity, forgiveness and love.
3. of three found in three self-esteem measurement, two groups were relatively stable, there was no change in time and group did not produce interaction (P > 0.05); and self acceptance in the experimental group with time was increased, the control group had no significant change, difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05), time and packet generation interaction (P < 0.01).
[Conclusion]
1. in medical students, character advantages are the most important with integrity, kindness, love and fairness, and the differences in education are mainly reflected in three aspects, such as perseverance, modesty and insight.
2.24 character strengths in hope, curiosity, love, showed a significant positive correlation, humor and insight are satisfaction with life and hope, humor, curiosity, forgiveness and love in turn with the level of depression was negatively correlated. That focuses on cultivating students' curiosity, hope, humor and love characters may improve the positive qualities of students.
3. the positive psychological group guidance for strengthening the character has a positive effect on improving the self acceptance level of medical students.
The above research results show that the theory of positive psychology applies not only to the United States, but also in China. Paying attention to students' personality and advantages can improve students' mental health level.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R395

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 覃開意;;基于積極心理學(xué)視角的中職生性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)研究[J];職業(yè)教育研究;2012年11期

2 于曉琳;王鵬;;心理學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生性格優(yōu)勢與幸福感研究——兼與非心理學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生比較[J];山東理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會科學(xué)版);2013年03期

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本文編號：1591760