本文選題：顱內(nèi)感染 + 腦脊液細菌分布�。� 參考：《山西醫(yī)科大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:監(jiān)測神經(jīng)外科顱內(nèi)感染患者的腦脊液細菌分布情況及常用抗生素敏感率的變化,為治療顱內(nèi)感染經(jīng)驗使用抗生素提供依據(jù)。方法:查找、收集2012年1月~2014年12月山西醫(yī)科大學第一醫(yī)院神經(jīng)外科行外科干預后發(fā)生顱內(nèi)感染且腦脊液細菌培養(yǎng)陽性患者的相關數(shù)據(jù),回顧性分析腦脊液病原菌分布及抗生素敏感率,逐年對比病原菌分布及藥物敏感率變化,以SPSS17.0軟件進行分析。結(jié)果:腦脊液分離菌株75株,包括革蘭陽性菌51株(68%),主要為凝固酶陰性葡萄球菌,對萬古霉素、利奈唑胺全部敏感;革蘭陰性菌21株(32%),三年間構(gòu)成比依次為13%、32%、48.1%,明顯呈逐年增多趨勢(P0.05),包括肺炎克雷伯桿菌14株,鮑曼不動桿菌4株,其中肺炎克雷伯桿菌抗生素敏感率低,鮑曼不動桿菌呈泛耐藥狀態(tài),常用抗生素中,本研究所收集的革蘭氏陰性菌對頭孢曲松敏感率呈逐年下降趨勢(P0.05),其余抗生素如頭孢他啶、頭孢哌酮、美羅培南、米諾環(huán)素敏感率差異無統(tǒng)計學意義。結(jié)論:外科干預后發(fā)生顱內(nèi)感染中革蘭氏陽性菌仍占主要部分,但革蘭氏陰性菌構(gòu)成比呈逐年上升趨勢,在經(jīng)驗使用抗生素時,應注意聯(lián)合用藥,防止患者耐藥性的增加以及自身菌群失調(diào),降低患者不良預后的風險。
[Abstract]:Objective: to monitor the distribution of bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with intracranial infection in neurosurgery and the change of antibiotic sensitivity rate in common use in order to provide evidence for the use of antibiotics in the treatment of intracranial infection.Methods: from January 2012 to December 2014, data of patients with intracranial infection and positive cerebrospinal fluid culture were collected after neurosurgery intervention in the first Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University.The distribution of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility rate in cerebrospinal fluid were analyzed retrospectively. The distribution of pathogenic bacteria and the change of drug sensitivity rate were compared year by year. The results were analyzed by SPSS17.0 software.Results: Seventy-five strains isolated from cerebrospinal fluid, including 51 Gram-positive strains, were mainly coagulase-negative staphylococci and were all sensitive to vancomycin and linazolamine.Acinetobacter baumannii was pan-resistant. Among the commonly used antibiotics, the susceptibility rate of Gram-negative bacteria to ceftriaxone decreased year by year, and the other antibiotics such as ceftazidime, cefoperazone, meropenem were decreased year by year.There was no significant difference in the sensitivity of minocycline.Conclusion: Gram-positive bacteria still account for the main part of intracranial infection after surgical intervention, but the composition ratio of Gram-negative bacteria is increasing year by year.To prevent the increase of drug resistance and dysbacteriosis and reduce the risk of poor prognosis.
【學位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R742.9

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