【摘要】：目的：1、建立包括后交叉韌帶(posterior cruciate ligament,PCL)和半月板及其他主要結構在內的人全膝關節(jié)三維有限元模型并驗證其有效性；2、通過已驗證的膝關節(jié)有限元模型探討后交叉韌帶完全斷裂后對半月板應力的影響,明確后交叉韌帶完全斷裂前后半月板承受的應力及其分布情況,為后交叉韌帶損傷早期重建和預防繼發(fā)半月板損傷退變甚至骨關節(jié)炎提供理論依據(jù)。 方法：1、選取一名正常男性志愿者的膝關節(jié)行CT和MRI掃描獲取骨骼和軟組織的影像學數(shù)據(jù),使用E-feature Biomedical Modeler有限元處理軟件建立正常膝關節(jié)三維有限元實體模型,定義邊界條件和材料屬性后將其導入ANSYS有限元分析軟件進行有效性驗證；2、設定加載條件,在模型上加載1150N垂直負荷條件下同時分別在脛骨加載134N后向負荷和5Nm外旋力矩,計算并記錄完整膝關節(jié)和去除后交叉韌帶膝關節(jié)模型中半月板峰值應力變化情況和等效應力分布云圖并進行比較。 結果：1.成功構建了正常人膝關節(jié)三維有限元模型并通過了有效性驗證,在模型上可以仿真模擬PCL完全斷裂；2.后交叉韌帶完全斷裂后,在1150N股骨軸向負荷和134N脛骨后向負荷加載下,內側半月板峰值應力增加19.79%,外側半月板增加33.41%；3.后交叉韌帶完全斷裂后,在1150N股骨軸向負荷和5Nm脛骨外旋力矩加載下,內側半月板峰值應力增加17.82%,外側半月板增加30.21%。 結論：1.利用CT、MRI數(shù)據(jù)和E-feature Biomedical Modeler軟件建立的正常人膝關節(jié)三維有限元模型真實可靠；2.在三維有限元研究中PCL完全斷裂后對內、外側半月板生物力學均有不良影響,施以后向負荷與外旋力矩時,外側半月板應力集中更明顯。3.PCL完全斷裂后半月板可能發(fā)生慢性損傷,外側半月板發(fā)生慢性損傷幾率較高,提示早期行PCL重建術有可能對半月板繼發(fā)損傷和退變起到預防作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: 1. To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of total knee joint, including posterior cruciate ligament (posterior cruciate ligament,PCL), meniscus and other major structures, and to verify its effectiveness; 2. The influence of complete rupture of posterior cruciate ligament on meniscus stress was discussed by the verified finite element model of knee joint, and the stress and its distribution of meniscus before and after complete rupture of posterior cruciate ligament were determined. It provides theoretical basis for early reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament injury and prevention of secondary meniscus injury and even osteoarthritis. Methods: 1. The imaging data of bone and soft tissue were obtained by CT and MRI scanning in the knee joint of a normal male volunteer. The 3D finite element solid model of normal knee joint was established by using E-feature Biomedical Modeler finite element software. The boundary conditions and material properties are defined and imported into ANSYS finite element analysis software to verify their validity. 2, setting loading conditions, loading 1150N vertical load on the model at the same time loading 134N backward load and 5Nm outward rotation moment at the same time, respectively. The variation of meniscus peak stress and the distribution of equivalent stress in intact knee joint and removed posterior cruciate ligament knee model were calculated and recorded and compared. Results: 1. The three-dimensional finite element model of normal knee joint was successfully constructed and proved to be effective, and the complete fracture of PCL can be simulated on the model. After complete rupture of the posterior cruciate ligament, the peak stress of medial meniscus and lateral meniscus increased by 19.79% and 33.41% respectively under 1150N axial load of femoral bone and 134N posterior load of tibia. After complete rupture of the posterior cruciate ligament, the peak stress of medial meniscus and lateral meniscus increased by 17.82% and 30.21% respectively under the loading of 1150N femoral axial load and 5Nm external rotation moment. Conclusion: 1. The 3D finite element model of normal knee joint established by using CT,MRI data and E-feature Biomedical Modeler software is true and reliable. In the three-dimensional finite element study, the biomechanics of the lateral meniscus and the internal and external meniscus after the complete fracture of PCL have a bad effect. The stress concentration of lateral meniscus is more obvious. 3. Chronic injury of lateral meniscus may occur after complete rupture of PCL, and the probability of chronic injury of lateral meniscus is higher than that of lateral meniscus. It is suggested that early PCL reconstruction may play an important role in preventing meniscus secondary injury and degeneration.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R686.5

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本文編號：2467999