本文選題：燒傷 + 原因　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的 傷害已成為嚴(yán)重威脅人類(lèi)健康與生命的重要公共衛(wèi)生問(wèn)題，據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，我國(guó)每年因意外傷害的死亡人數(shù)中，燒傷僅次于交通事故排第2位。燒傷引起的死亡、肢體功能喪失、毀容等后果，給社會(huì)、家庭和個(gè)人造成極大的負(fù)擔(dān)和痛苦，經(jīng)常需要長(zhǎng)期的康復(fù)期，大量的皮膚移植，極度痛苦的物理治療，留給受害者終生的身體和心理上的創(chuàng)傷。 不同地區(qū)、不同醫(yī)療水平，統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果各不相同而且各具特點(diǎn)。本研究通過(guò)對(duì)長(zhǎng)春市某燒傷專(zhuān)科醫(yī)院住院病歷的調(diào)查，分析各年份燒傷病例的特點(diǎn)、燒傷原因及影響因素，為燒傷的預(yù)防提供臨床依據(jù)，并為更好地宣傳預(yù)防燒傷知識(shí)提供依據(jù)。 觀察對(duì)象及方法 1.病例選擇及調(diào)查內(nèi)容 調(diào)查2009-2011年長(zhǎng)春市某燒傷醫(yī)院住院的燒傷病人。其中不包括各種燒傷慢性肉芽創(chuàng)面患者。調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括調(diào)查對(duì)象的年齡、性別、燒傷原因、燒傷深度、燒傷面積、就診時(shí)間。 2.統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 調(diào)查結(jié)果采用SPSS13.0軟件中的卡方檢驗(yàn)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理。統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)檢驗(yàn)水準(zhǔn)α=0.05。 結(jié)果 燒傷病例中，男性比例較高，小于12歲的病例明顯高于大于12歲的病例比例。燒傷原因中，大部分的燒傷病例為燙傷和燒灼傷。三年中燒傷病例的性別和年齡的構(gòu)成均沒(méi)有明顯差別（P0.05）。 不同年齡的燒傷原因比較，≤12歲的病例燒灼傷明顯高于其他原因?qū)е碌臒齻≒0.05）；12歲以上的病例，燙傷比例明顯高于其他原因?qū)е碌臒齻≒0.05）。 不同年份的燒傷原因比較，每年的燒傷病例的各種燒傷原因所占的比例均無(wú)明顯差異（P0.05）。不同月份燒傷原因有明顯差別（P0.05），，電擊傷7-12月比例明顯增加，4-6月份明顯降低；1-6月份燙傷病例比較多。 燒傷原因不同，燒傷面積明顯不同（P0.05）。，燒傷面積為0-5%和6-15%的病例中燙傷比例最高，燒灼傷面積15%的病例中，燒灼傷比例最高。電擊傷的燒傷面積均比較小。 808例燒傷病例中，不同性別、不同年齡和不同年份的病例中，其燒傷面積所占的比例無(wú)明顯差別（P0.05），但三年中，不同月份燒傷病例的燒傷面積有明顯差別（P0.05），主要發(fā)生在夏季和冬季。 不同性別、不同年份的燒傷病例，其燒傷深度無(wú)明顯差別（P0.05），主要為II度燒傷；≤12歲的燒傷病例，大于IIo燒傷的比例明顯高于12歲組（P0.05）；4-6月及10-12月的燒傷病例中燒傷深度大于IIo的比例大于其他月份；燙傷的病例中，燒傷深度大于IIo的比例最高，而燒灼傷的病例深度大于IIo的比例最低（P0.05）；燒傷面積大的病例燒傷深度的比例也最高（P0.05）。 結(jié)論 燒傷病人中男性比例明顯高于女性。年齡小于12歲的燒傷病人比例明顯高于12歲以上燒傷病例的比例。其中大于12歲的燒傷病人中，燙傷比例明顯高于12歲以下燒傷患者，而燒灼傷、電擊傷及化學(xué)燒傷等原因造成的燒傷，12歲以下患者明顯高于12歲以上患者。女性的燙傷比例明顯高于男性，而電擊傷和化學(xué)燒傷等男性明顯高于女性。燒燒傷面積小于5%及燒傷深度≤II度的比例最高。燒傷部位中，四肢部位燒傷比例較高。但各年份燒傷病人的燒傷比例、種類(lèi)沒(méi)有明顯差別。
[Abstract]:objective
Injury has become a serious threat to the important problem of public health, human health and life, according to statistics, China's number of deaths due to accidental injury in burn after traffic accidents each year, ranked second. The death caused by burn, loss of limb function, disfigured and other consequences, to the society, family and individual caused great burden and pain. Often need long-term rehabilitation period, a large number of skin transplantation, physical therapy extremely painful, for victims of lifelong physical and psychological trauma.
In different regions, different levels of medical statistics, but not the same characteristics. By the research of the Changchun a specialist burns hospital, analysis of the characteristics of each year of burn cases, causes and influence factors of burn, burn prevention to provide clinical basis, and provide the basis for better promotion of burn prevention knowledge.
The observation object and method
1. case selection and survey content
A survey of 2009-2011 years Changchun City Hospital Burn hospitalized burn patients. Not including chronic granulation burn patients. The survey includes the survey of age, gender, burn, burn depth, burn area, treatment time.
2. statistical methods
The investigation results in SPSS13.0 software using chi square test were used for statistical analysis. Statistical test standard a =0.05.
Result
Burn cases, a higher proportion of males were less than 12 years old was significantly higher than that in more than 12 years. The proportion of cases of burn reasons, most of the cases of burn scald and burn burn. Cases in the three years of age and sex had no significant difference (P0.05).
Comparison of burn causes of different ages, under 12 years old cases of burn was significantly higher than that of other causes of burn (P0.05); over 12 cases, scald ratio was significantly higher than that of other causes of burn (P0.05).
Comparison of cause of burns in different years, there were no significant difference between the various causes of burn burn cases every year the proportion (P0.05). There was significant difference in different months burn cause (P0.05), significantly increased the proportion of electrical injury in 7-12 month, 4-6 month decreased significantly; 1-6 month injury cases more hot.
Burn causes different burn area were significantly different (P0.05.), burn area scald ratio of 0-5% and 6-15% were the highest, burn area of 15% cases, the highest proportion of burn. Burns electric injury were relatively small.
808 cases of burn patients with different gender, different age, and different years of cases, there were no obvious differences in the proportion of burn area (P0.05), but in three years, there are obvious differences between the different months of burn cases of burn area (P0.05), mainly occurred in summer and winter.
Different gender, different years burn cases, there were no obvious differences in the depth of burn (P0.05), mainly II degree burns; burn cases under 12 years old, more than IIo of burn was significantly higher than the proportion of 12 year old group (P0.05); deep burn 4-6 months and 10-12 months of burn cases greater than IIo ratio is higher than other months scald; cases, burn depth is greater than the highest proportion of IIo, while the case depth burned more than IIo (P0.05); the lowest proportion of cases of large area burn burn depth is also the highest proportion (P0.05).
conclusion
Burn patients in the proportion of male was higher than female. Less than 12 years of age was significantly higher than the proportion of burn patients over the age of 12. The proportion of burn cases over 12 years old patients with burn, scald ratio was significantly higher than that under the age of 12 burn patients, and burn, caused by electric injury and chemical burns due to burns, 12 years old the following were significantly higher in patients over 12 years old. The proportion of female burns was significantly higher than men, and the electrical injury and chemical burn of male was significantly higher than women. Burns area is less than the proportion of 5% and a depth of less than II. The highest burn burn, burn a higher proportion of the limbs. But every year burn burn ratio, no significant difference between species.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R644

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