發(fā)布時間：2018-07-29 07:17

【摘要】：1995年我國艾滋病開始進(jìn)入廣泛流行期,目前,艾滋病疫情仍在上升,伴隨著艾滋病防治需求的不斷增加,防治的任務(wù)十分艱巨。人力資源合理配置是保證艾滋病防治持續(xù)性開展的重要基礎(chǔ),已得到各級政府和艾滋病防治人員廣泛認(rèn)同。寧夏尚未見系統(tǒng)的艾滋病防治人力資源現(xiàn)狀的相關(guān)資料,所以了解寧夏艾滋病防治人力現(xiàn)狀,預(yù)測艾滋病防治人力需求是當(dāng)前亟待研究的問題。 目的： 本研究旨在通過分析當(dāng)前寧夏衛(wèi)生醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)開展艾滋病防治工作的人力資源現(xiàn)況和需求,為保障艾滋病防治工作持續(xù)性發(fā)展提供依據(jù)。 方法： 使用自制問卷,通過調(diào)查疾病預(yù)防控制、醫(yī)療、婦幼保健及鄉(xiāng)/社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)四個級別艾滋病防治人員的基本情況,依據(jù)作業(yè)成本計算方法,抽取不同艾滋病防治機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行觀察,通過界定作業(yè)內(nèi)容及流程,制定作業(yè)評估指標(biāo),評估單位工作時間,測算出所需的人力時間成本,繼而推算人力配置要求。通過基尼系數(shù)對艾滋病防治工作人員的分布公平性進(jìn)行評價。 結(jié)果： 調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,寧夏共有艾滋病防治工作人員267人,其中,疾病預(yù)防控制機(jī)構(gòu)94人,醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)77人,婦幼保健機(jī)構(gòu)37人,鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院／社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心59人。疾病預(yù)防控制機(jī)構(gòu)在轄區(qū)承擔(dān)著艾滋病防控工作的多項職責(zé),其他機(jī)構(gòu)從事艾滋病防治工作主要為兼職。預(yù)防控制人員與醫(yī)療救治人員職稱結(jié)構(gòu)不同。四級防治網(wǎng)絡(luò)工作人員素質(zhì)不同,基層防治人員綜合素質(zhì)較低。寧夏2013年完成各項艾滋病防治工作總的人力時間成本是17085.9人天。其中,宣傳教育工作需要3425.7人天,實驗室檢測需要1883.0人天,監(jiān)測需要3535.2人天,行為干預(yù)需要1745.2人天,HIV感染者管理需要1043.8人天,院外治療需要72.3人天,院內(nèi)治療需要428.2人天,母嬰阻斷需要2797.0人天,制定計劃與開展基線調(diào)查需1891.4人天,督導(dǎo)檢查需要264.1人天。各市縣疾病預(yù)防控制機(jī)構(gòu)艾滋病防治人力按艾滋病疫情分布的基尼系數(shù)為0.1206。測得完成2013年艾滋病防治工作需要的全職人力為75.8人。 結(jié)論： 寧夏艾滋病防治人員存在專業(yè)層次混雜,基層從事艾滋病防治時間、職稱構(gòu)成,學(xué)歷構(gòu)成均較低的現(xiàn)狀�；谝咔榈幕鶎蛹膊☆A(yù)防控制人力分布較公平。艾滋病防治工作以疾病預(yù)防控制機(jī)構(gòu)為主,隨訪管理及抗病毒治療工作需要增加人力投入。
[Abstract]:In 1995, AIDS began to enter an extensive epidemic period in China. At present, the epidemic situation of AIDS is still on the rise, with the increasing demand for AIDS prevention and treatment, the task of prevention and treatment is very arduous. Rational allocation of human resources is an important foundation to ensure the sustainable development of AIDS prevention and treatment, which has been widely recognized by governments at all levels and AIDS prevention and control personnel. There is no systematic information on the current situation of HIV / AIDS human resources in Ningxia, so it is urgent to study the current situation of HIV / AIDS prevention and control in Ningxia, and to predict the human demand for AIDS prevention and treatment. Objective: the purpose of this study was to provide evidence for the sustainable development of HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment by analyzing the current situation and needs of human resources in Ningxia health care system. Methods: a self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the basic situation of HIV / AIDS prevention and control staff in four levels of disease prevention and control, medical treatment, maternal and child health care and township / community health service institutions, and the method of Activity-Based costing (ABC) was used. Different AIDS prevention and treatment institutions were selected for observation, through defining the content and process of the work, establishing the operational evaluation index, evaluating the working time of the unit, calculating the cost of human time required, and then calculating the manpower allocation requirements. Gini coefficient was used to evaluate the distribution equity of AIDS prevention and control staff. Results: there were 267 AIDS prevention and control workers in Ningxia, including 94 in disease prevention and control institutions, 77 in medical institutions and 37 in maternal and child health care institutions. Township health centers / community health service centers 59 people. Disease prevention and control agencies in the area of AIDS prevention and control of many responsibilities, other institutions engaged in AIDS prevention and control work is mainly part-time. The professional title structure of prevention and control personnel is different from that of medical treatment worker. The four-level prevention and cure network staff quality is different, the basic level prevention and cure personnel comprehensive quality is low. Ningxia in 2013 to complete the AIDS prevention and treatment of the total human time cost is 17085.9 days. Of these, 3425.7 person-days were needed for propaganda and education, 1883.0 person-days for laboratory testing, 3535.2 person-days for surveillance, 1043.8 person-days for behavioral intervention, 1043.8 person-days for management of HIV-infected persons, 72.3 person-days for out-of-hospital treatment and 428.2 person-days for in-hospital treatment. It takes 2797.0 person-days to block mother and child, 1891.4 days to plan and carry out baseline survey, and 264.1 days to supervise inspection. The Gini coefficient of AIDS prevention and control manpower according to the distribution of AIDS epidemic is 0.1206 in each city and county. The full-time manpower required to complete AIDS prevention and treatment in 2013 was measured at 75.8. Conclusion: the AIDS prevention and treatment personnel in Ningxia have mixed professional levels, the time of AIDS prevention and control at the grass-roots level, the composition of professional title and the structure of educational background are all low. The manpower distribution of disease prevention and control based on epidemic situation is fair. AIDS prevention and control agencies mainly, follow-up management and antiviral treatment need to increase human input.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R512.91;R197.2

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本文編號：2151926