本文關(guān)鍵詞：青海省玉樹縣地震災(zāi)區(qū)重點(diǎn)傳染病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)初步評(píng)估，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

青海省玉樹縣地震災(zāi)區(qū)重點(diǎn)傳染病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)初步評(píng)估

Preliminary assessment on priority communicable disease risk in quake hit area in Yushu,Qinghai

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]

XIONG Wei-yi,NI Da-xin,YIN Wen-wu,ZHENG Can-jun,LUO Hui-ming,JIN Lian-mei,TU Wen-xiao,WANG Zi-jun,FENG Zi-jian（Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China

中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心,北京102206

文章摘要：目的分析青海省玉樹縣地震災(zāi)區(qū)重點(diǎn)傳染病的發(fā)生、傳播風(fēng)險(xiǎn),為震區(qū)災(zāi)后的傳染病防控工作提供有針對(duì)性的建議。方法采集2004-2010年（截至4月15日）災(zāi)區(qū)的甲乙丙類傳染病報(bào)告數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行歷史疫情分析;查詢文獻(xiàn)和咨詢專家意見,分析地震災(zāi)害對(duì)災(zāi)區(qū)傳染病發(fā)生、傳播可能產(chǎn)生的影響;對(duì)災(zāi)區(qū)重點(diǎn)傳染病的發(fā)生和傳播劃分風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí),并提供防控建議。結(jié)果 2004年以來,玉樹縣的主要報(bào)告病種為乙型病毒性肝炎和肺結(jié)核,丙型病毒性肝炎、包蟲病、梅毒等亦報(bào)告較多,淋病、炭疽、流行性腦脊髓膜炎等偶有報(bào)告。災(zāi)后可能對(duì)傳染病發(fā)生、傳播造成影響的因素包括安置點(diǎn)衛(wèi)生條件差、疫源動(dòng)物和媒介昆蟲的活動(dòng)改變、人群流動(dòng)性加大和抵抗力下降以及醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)可及性降低等。綜合評(píng)估麻疹、流行性感冒、肺結(jié)核等呼吸道傳染病,細(xì)菌性痢疾、感染性腹瀉病等腸道傳染病在災(zāi)區(qū)傳播增強(qiáng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高,鼠疫、炭疽等發(fā)生、傳播風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中等,狂犬病、性傳播疾病等發(fā)生、傳播風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低。結(jié)論震區(qū)災(zāi)后傳染病防控工作應(yīng)重視保護(hù)水源和飲用水安全,加強(qiáng)食品衛(wèi)生和食品供給,努力恢復(fù)免疫規(guī)劃和結(jié)核病控制等防控項(xiàng)目,加強(qiáng)鼠疫、包蟲病、麻疹等疾病的防控,做好安置點(diǎn)管理等。

Abstr：Objective To analyze the risk factors to the incidence and spread of communicable diseases and find out the epidemic-prone diseases after the earthquake in Yushu county,Qinghai province,and provide guidance for taking more effective prevention and control measures of communicable diseases in quake hit area.Methods The data of communicable diseases reported from January 1,2004 to April 15,2010 in quake hit area were analyzed.Based on the literature review and consultation of experts,the risk factors which might increase communicable disease transmission and the list of main epidemic-prone diseases were described.Results The major diseases reported in Yushu since 2004 were hepatitis B and pulmonary tuberculosis,followed by hepatitis C,echinococcosis and syphilis.Gonorrhoea,anthrax and meningococcal meningitis were less reported.The factors which might increase communicable disease transmission included temporary resettlement with poor sanitary condition,increased exposure to host animals and vectors,increased population movement,increased susceptibility to disease,and limited access to health services.Respiratory infectious diseases-measles,influenza and pulmonary tuberculosis and intestinal infectious diseases-bacillary dysentery and diarrhea were with high transmission potential.The transmission potential of plague and anthrax was moderate,and the transmission potential of rabies and STD was low.Conclusion The post disaster measures to prevent and control communicable diseases in Yushu should focus on water and food safety,environment sanitation,resuming immunization and TB control programs,strengthening the prevention and control of plague,echinococcosis and measles.The management of resettlement points should be strengthened too.

文章關(guān)鍵詞：

Keyword：:earthquake communicable disease risk assessment

相關(guān)文章：

[1] 急診護(hù)士新發(fā)傳染病認(rèn)知行為調(diào)查分析   《護(hù)理實(shí)踐與研究》  2010年21期
[2] 如何正確認(rèn)識(shí)和處理新發(fā)與復(fù)燃傳染病   《醫(yī)學(xué)與哲學(xué)：臨床決策論壇版》  2010年09期
[3] 淺談對(duì)傳染病學(xué)示教課的一點(diǎn)看法   《新疆醫(yī)學(xué)》  2010年08期
[4] 傳染病學(xué)全英教學(xué)中存在問題的初步探討   《蛇志》  2010年03期
[5] 阿壩州人民醫(yī)院2005—2008年傳染病報(bào)告病例分析及防控   《西南民族學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)：自然科學(xué)版》  2010年05期
[6] 解讀手足口病診療指南（2010年版）   《常州實(shí)用醫(yī)學(xué)》  2010年05期
[7] 合肥市大學(xué)生傳染病防治知識(shí)、態(tài)度、行為調(diào)查   《安徽預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》  2010年05期
[8] 1997～2001年廣州地區(qū)境外人員3種主要傳染病監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果分析   《中國(guó)國(guó)境衛(wèi)生檢疫雜志》  2002年z1期

課題項(xiàng)目：志謝：感謝所有為本評(píng)估提供基礎(chǔ)信息和寶貴意見的各位專家,并特別感謝世界衛(wèi)生組織駐華代表處Chin-KeiLee博士在本文撰寫中提供的寶貴意見.

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：青海省玉樹縣地震災(zāi)區(qū)重點(diǎn)傳染病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)初步評(píng)估，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。