本文選題：成人乙腦　切入點(diǎn)：流行病　出處：《山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:中國(guó)成年人乙腦病例,特別在山西省等中國(guó)北方地區(qū),呈現(xiàn)聚集性高發(fā)趨勢(shì),成人乙腦已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)?shù)刂匾残l(wèi)生問(wèn)題。本研究在中國(guó)成人乙腦高發(fā)的山西省南部開(kāi)展調(diào)查,以了解當(dāng)?shù)匚孟x(chóng)及乙腦病毒與成人乙腦發(fā)病之間的關(guān)系。方法:2015年8月在山西省臨猗、永濟(jì)和萬(wàn)榮縣的農(nóng)戶和豬場(chǎng)采集蚊蟲(chóng)標(biāo)本,蚊蟲(chóng)經(jīng)形態(tài)學(xué)分類鑒定,蚊蟲(chóng)標(biāo)本用液氮保存運(yùn)輸?shù)綄?shí)驗(yàn)室備用。將采集到的蚊蟲(chóng)標(biāo)本按照種類和采集地等在實(shí)驗(yàn)室分批研磨離心處理。首先使用RT-PCR方法檢測(cè)蚊蟲(chóng)研磨上清液中蚊傳蟲(chóng)媒病毒基因。將懷疑為病毒的蚊蟲(chóng)標(biāo)本接種BHK-21細(xì)胞,觀察是否出現(xiàn)CPE。然后對(duì)檢測(cè)到的病毒進(jìn)行遺傳進(jìn)化分析。并計(jì)算不同采集點(diǎn)的最低現(xiàn)場(chǎng)感染率。結(jié)果:1、此次采集到的7943只蚊蟲(chóng)分屬于4屬6種,其中淡色庫(kù)蚊為蚊蟲(chóng)總數(shù)的24.75%(1966/7943),三帶喙庫(kù)蚊為73.08%(5805/7943),而中華按蚊,刺擾伊蚊,背點(diǎn)伊蚊和騷擾阿蚊總共約為3%(104/7943)。2、多種蚊傳蟲(chóng)媒病毒基因檢測(cè)(RT-PCR)結(jié)果顯示,16批次蚊蟲(chóng)研磨上清液中檢測(cè)到乙腦病毒基因陽(yáng)性,病毒的遺傳進(jìn)化樹(shù)表明所有乙腦病毒均屬于基因Ⅰ型;SXY1503和SXYC1551標(biāo)本檢測(cè)到蓋塔病毒基因陽(yáng)性。其中SXYC1503號(hào)蚊蟲(chóng)標(biāo)本為乙腦病毒和蓋塔病毒同時(shí)陽(yáng)性。3、從SXYC1523標(biāo)本中分離到一株乙腦病毒。4、此次調(diào)查的乙腦病毒的最低現(xiàn)場(chǎng)感染率的結(jié)果為:在有散養(yǎng)豬農(nóng)戶的庭院中采集的蚊蟲(chóng)標(biāo)本乙腦病毒的最低現(xiàn)場(chǎng)感染率為7.39/1000;在豬場(chǎng)采集的蚊蟲(chóng)標(biāo)本乙腦病毒最低現(xiàn)場(chǎng)感染率為2.68/1000;5戶沒(méi)有散養(yǎng)豬農(nóng)戶庭院中蚊蟲(chóng)乙腦病毒的最低現(xiàn)場(chǎng)感染率為零。結(jié)論:研究結(jié)果提示,三帶喙庫(kù)蚊仍為當(dāng)?shù)貎?yōu)勢(shì)蚊種,當(dāng)?shù)亓餍械囊夷X病毒為基因Ⅰ型并且毒力并未弱。因此本次調(diào)查的成人乙腦高發(fā)地依然為乙腦病毒自然疫源地,在當(dāng)?shù)貙?shí)施兒童乙腦疫苗注射(EPI)的同時(shí)杜絕農(nóng)戶庭院散養(yǎng)豬的生活習(xí)慣是預(yù)防當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)生成人乙腦病例的重要措施之一。
[Abstract]:Objective: the incidence of encephalitis B in adults in China, especially in northern China such as Shanxi Province, is high. Adult encephalitis B has become an important local public health problem. Methods: mosquito specimens were collected from farmers and pig farms in Linyi County, Shanxi Province in August 2015 and identified by morphological classification. Mosquito specimens were stored in liquid nitrogen and transported to the laboratory for standby. The collected mosquito specimens were ground and centrifuged in the laboratory according to the species and the place of collection. First, RT-PCR method was used to detect mosquito vectors in the mosquito grinding supernatant. Virus genes. Inoculate suspected mosquito specimens with BHK-21 cells, We observed whether CPE was present. Then we analyzed the genetic evolution of the detected viruses. We calculated the lowest field infection rate at different collection points. Results: 1, 7943 mosquitoes collected this time belong to 6 species belonging to 4 genera. Among them, Culex pipiens pallens is 24.75% of the total number of mosquitoes. In 1966 / 7943, Culex tritaeniorhynchus is 73.08% 5805 / 7943%, while Anopheles sinensis, Aedes prickles. The total number of Aedes dorsalis and Anopheles harms is about 3 / 104 / 7943 / 2.The results of gene detection of various mosquito vector viruses (RT-PCRs) show that the Japanese encephalitis virus gene was positive in the supernatant of 16 batches of mosquitoes. The genetic and evolutionary tree of the virus indicates that all the Japanese encephalitis viruses belong to the gene type I SXY1503 and SXYC1551 samples are positive for Gaeta virus gene. Among them, the SXYC1503 mosquito sample is both positive for Japanese encephalitis virus and Gaeta virus. It is isolated from SXYC1523 specimen. To a Japanese encephalitis virus strain. 4, the lowest field infection rate of the Japanese encephalitis virus investigated was 7.39 / 1000 for mosquito specimens collected in the yard of farmers with scattered pigs, and 7.39 / 1000 for mosquitoes collected in pig farms. The lowest field infection rate of Japanese encephalitis B virus was 2.68 / 1000 / 5 in the yard of farmers without scattered pigs, and the lowest field infection rate of Japanese encephalitis B virus was zero. Conclusion: the results of the study suggest that the infection rate of Japanese encephalitis B virus is zero. Culex tritaeniorhynchus is still the dominant mosquito species in the region. The endemic Japanese encephalitis virus (je) is a gene type I and the virulence is not weak. Therefore, the adult Japanese encephalitis in this investigation is still the natural focus of encephalitis B virus. It is one of the important measures to prevent adult encephalitis B (je) cases from occurring in local areas while eliminating the living habits of farmers' yard scattered pigs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R512.32

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 李曉龍;嚴(yán)延生;王環(huán)宇;梁國(guó)棟;;Zika病毒:蟲(chóng)媒病毒傳染病的新挑戰(zhàn)[J];中國(guó)人獸共患病學(xué)報(bào);2016年09期

2 鄭雅勻;曹玉璽;付士紅;程t熛，

本文編號(hào)：1685577