本文關鍵詞：麥爾維爾筆下船長形象人格特質的心理學分析　出處：《信陽師范學院》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 船長 心理障礙 心理應激 人格特質

【摘要】：赫爾曼·麥爾維爾(Herman Melville)是美國有史以來最為世人及文學評論界關注的作家之一,他以其獨特的寫作風格及海洋題材小說而備受爭議。赫爾曼·麥爾維爾以自身豐富的四大洋的海上經歷為基礎,以其獨特而深邃的視角和不為當時世人所能理解的超時代預見性,創(chuàng)作出一個個動人心弦的海上故事。他的作品以海上生活和水手經歷為描寫對象,對這一縮小化了的社會生活和社會團體進行深層次探究和挖掘,從而展現當時的美國社會思潮及人性特征。 相當多的專著都大篇幅地分析了麥爾維爾的捕鯨生涯,并對麥爾維爾的生平做了詳盡的研究。與介紹麥爾維爾生平事跡的專著不同,文學批評界中有些專著將主要篇幅用于對麥爾維爾代表作《白鯨》的解讀上,對于麥爾維爾筆下人物形象的解讀主要集中在以亞哈船長為代表的主要人物形象上。與對于亞哈的研究相比,批評界較少關注其他船長形象的解讀和研究。目前,麥爾維爾研究涉及史學、宗教學、海洋學、社會學、人類學、心理學等學科,具體涉及到了倫理、宗教、同性戀題材、對其后期作品的重新認識、悲劇意識、存在主義、后期作品的悲劇特征、人類學研究、影響研究、語言研究等領域。大量研究表明,麥爾維爾的作品大多具有深邃的寓意和內涵,而此類研究一般不為他同時代的普通讀者所理解和接受,對他的解讀也就相對集中于一些普通讀者容易理解和感興趣的話題,如海上探險、異域見聞等。在眾多的研究領域中,針對麥爾維爾個人及其作品的心理學領域的研討也較為少見,利用心理學相關知識對其筆下船長這一群體形象的研究更是稀少。本文試圖從心理障礙和心理應激這一理論角度出發(fā),以麥氏作品中船長這一特定類型人物的人性分析為落腳點,將二者進行結合。以心理障礙和心理應激為理論支撐,該文將麥氏作品中眾多船長形象從原著中抽取出來,依據相關心理學知識,將其分為患有心理障礙的船長和遭受心理應激困擾的船長兩大類屬。船長形象因其自身所遭受的心理障礙和心理應激而導致的各自不同的人格特質為本文的研究提供了文字資料和論據來源。在心理障礙方面,該文將患有心理障礙的船長形象細化為單一型心理障礙患者和多維型心理障礙患者,借助船長形象的不同人格特質來論證其為心理障礙患者的事實。如在對亞哈船長的分析上,本文將所能收集到的有關亞哈的人格特質匯集在一起,并對其逐一羅列分析,作為證明其是邊緣型人格障礙的患者的佐證。在心理應激方面,所涉及到的船長形象同樣被細化為積極性心理應激遭受者和消極性心理應激遭受者兩個子類屬和斯德哥爾摩綜合征遭受者這一特殊類屬而展開論證。通過對大量麥氏筆下船長形象的整合和論證,本文最終得出：大多數麥爾維爾作品中的船長形象都是心理障礙患者,一部分不是心理障礙的患者但卻是心理應激的遭受者的結論。借助心理障礙和心理應激相關知識,本文期待向讀者和研究人員提供一個有關麥爾維爾及其作品人物形象分析的新的研究角度。
[Abstract]:Hermann Melveil (Herman Melville) is one of the world's attention and literary critics in the history of the American writer, with his unique writing style and marine novels and controversial. Herman Melville with its rich four ocean marine experience as the foundation, with its unique and profound perspective and not for the world can understand the era of foresight, to create a story. His works strike a deep chord of the sea to sea life and experience as a seaman on the description of the object, narrowing of the social life and social groups to deeply explore and mining, so as to show the characteristics of humanity and social thought at the time.
A considerable number of monographs are widely analyzed and the Melville's whaling career, Melville's life to do a detailed study. Different from the introduction of Melville biography books, literary criticism in some monographs will be the main space for reading < > on behalf of the Moby Dick Melville, for the interpretation of characters of Melville focus on the main characters of Captain Ahab as the representative of the image. Compared with the study of Ahab, interpretation and research of the critics pay less attention to the other master image. At present, Melville studies involving history, religion, oceanography, sociology, anthropology, psychology and other disciplines, in particular to the ethical, religious, gay that new understanding of the late works, the tragedy consciousness, existentialism, tragic features, the late works of anthropology research, influence research, the field of language research. The amount of research shows that Melville's works are mostly has the profound meaning and connotation, and such research is not generally understood and accepted by the readers of his time, his interpretation is relatively concentrated in some ordinary readers easy to understand and topics of interest, such as on adventure, exotic horizons in many research fields. In the research on the field of psychology and personal works of Melville is relatively rare, based on psychology and relevant knowledge of the pen of the group image of the captain is rare. This paper attempts to start from the perspective of mental disorders and mental stress in this theory, the Maxwell in the works of Captain analysis this particular type of characters of humanity as the result, the combination of the two. The mental disorders and mental stress as the theoretical support, this paper will captain McLeod works many image extracted from the text, according to the relevant The knowledge of psychology, which is divided into people with mental disorders suffer from psychological stress and the two category captain. The captain of their own image due to mental disorder suffered and psychological stress caused by different personality traits as the research of this paper provides theory and text data according to sources. In psychological disorders, captain this paper will refine the image with mental disorders for patients with a single type of mental disorders and multidimensional psychological barriers, different personality traits with the image of the captain to prove their mental disorders in fact. As in the analysis of Captain Ahab, and the relevant personality traits can be collected together and, on the list one by one analysis, as it is proven evidence of borderline personality disorder patients. The psychological stress, which relates to the image of the captain was also divided into positive psychological stress Shock and negative psychological stress suffered from two sub categories and Stockholm syndrome suffer this special category and discussion. Based on a large number of Maxwell's captain of the image's integration and demonstration, the paper concluded that: the captain shaped like most of Melville's are not a part of patients with psychological disorders, patients with psychological disorders but psychological stress by the conclusion. With the help of mental disorders and mental stress related knowledge, this paper is expected to provide an analysis of relevant works of Melville and characters of the new perspective to readers and researchers.

【學位授予單位】：信陽師范學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I712.074

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本文編號：1368634