本文關鍵詞： 對比語言學 語序 英語 漢語　出處：《成都理工大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：對比語言學是現(xiàn)代語言學的一個分支。它通過語法、語音、語義、語用層面來進行語言方面的比較。比較語言學是對不同語言的對比描述，主要采用的是共時研究方式。 中英文之間有許多不同之處。英語屬于印歐語系，其特點之一就是有形態(tài)上的變化以及用其作為表達語法的主要手段之一；漢語屬于漢藏語系，該語序中的語言沒有太過嚴格的形態(tài)變化，詞序是表達語法的重要手段。所以，對英漢詞序的研究有著重要的意義。 英漢兩種語言有著顯著的區(qū)別。這些區(qū)別主要體現(xiàn)在發(fā)音規(guī)則，拼寫規(guī)則，語法規(guī)則以及文化母體各個方面。語序作為語法規(guī)則，也是英漢兩種語言的重要組成部分。從宏觀角度分析，英語在語言合成和假設方面有更多特點，而英語中的“樹形結構”和漢語中的“竹狀結構”是其典型反映；同時，從微觀角度講，英語句主語鮮明，漢語句主題鮮明；英語句式方向從左往右，漢語從右往左；倒轉句在英文中分為幾種形式，而在漢語中則主要是起強調的作用；在不同的語境下，英語和漢語的嚴格性和變通性都有所不同。本文還從無主句，倒裝句和分裂句的角度分別加以闡述，為全文提供更有力的論證。因此在翻譯中，，翻譯者應根據我們前面所提到的兩種語言的不同和共同點采用更加靈活的方式來節(jié)約時間和使文章內容更加流暢。 通過對比研究中英文的語序，本文作者希望能為讀者描繪出一副詳細的關于中英文語序比較的圖畫和生動明晰的線索，為了幫助讀者在使用這兩種語言時更好的理解他們之間的異同點。
[Abstract]:Contrastive linguistics is a branch of modern linguistics, which compares linguistic aspects through grammar, phonetics, semantics and pragmatics. Comparative linguistics is a contrastive description of different languages, which mainly adopts a synchronic approach. There are many differences between English and Chinese. English belongs to the Indo-European family. One of its characteristics is morphological change and its use as one of the main means of expressing grammar; Chinese belongs to the Chinese-Tibetan language family. The language in this word order is not too strict morphological change, word order is an important means of expressing grammar, therefore, the study of English and Chinese word order is of great significance. There are significant differences between English and Chinese. These differences are mainly embodied in pronunciation rules, spelling rules, grammatical rules and cultural parent. Word order is the grammatical rule. It is also an important part of both English and Chinese. From a macro point of view, English has more features in language synthesis and hypotheses, and the "tree structure" in English and the "bamboo structure" in Chinese are typical reflections. From the microscopic point of view, the subject of English sentence is bright, the subject of Chinese sentence is clear, the direction of English sentence is from left to right, and the direction of Chinese is from right to left, the reverse sentence is divided into several forms in English, but it plays an important role in Chinese. In different contexts, the strictness and flexibility of English and Chinese are different. This paper also expounds them from the angle of no subject sentence, inverted sentence and split sentence, which provides a more powerful argument for the whole text. Translators should adopt a more flexible approach to save time and make the text more fluent according to the differences and similarities between the two languages mentioned above. By contrasting the word order between Chinese and English, the author hopes to draw a detailed picture of the word order comparison between Chinese and English and a vivid and clear clue for the reader. To help readers better understand the similarities and differences between the two languages.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146;H314

【參考文獻】

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本文編號：1537876