本文選題：審美偏好 + 空間構圖　； 參考：《華東師范大學》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：本研究探討視覺審美中繪畫構圖審美的心理機制。當前關于審美的實驗研究中,繪畫構圖審美研究逐漸成為熱點,但該領域的心理學實驗研究忽視畫框在構圖中的作用,缺乏跨文化比較研究;實驗研究方過于簡單,生態(tài)效度偏低;受實驗技術所限,只能對縱向構圖或橫向構圖進行單維度實驗操縱,對構圖審美心理機制的揭示存在先天不足。均衡性指的是構圖內(nèi)部的相對關系,包括單個構圖對象的構圖位置、多個構圖對象之間的位置關系、構圖對象間的朝向關系,以及構圖對象與構圖整體及畫框之間的聯(lián)系等,是繪畫構圖審美價值的重要體現(xiàn)。本研究采用審美偏好評價范式、生成調(diào)整范式(自由構圖和限定條件構圖)和ERP實驗技術,通過5個實驗,分別采用抽象圖形和中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫中典型的具象圖形,嚴格量化分析了中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫空間構圖的均衡性,以及構圖審美的腦電活動規(guī)律。研究初步得出如下結論:1.中西方繪畫的典型畫框比例存在顯著差異,且畫框比例上的差異對空間構圖具有顯著影響。其中又以長縱框差異更為明顯,人們在長縱框構圖時更傾向于沿縱向?qū)ΨQ軸,將重心放置在中間偏下的位置。2.空間構圖的均衡性是繪畫構圖審美遵循的重要規(guī)律。在單個抽象物體構圖時,被試傾向于將其放置在畫框中心或縱向、橫向?qū)ΨQ軸上;在兩個或兩個以上抽象物體構圖時,被試傾向于調(diào)整構圖對象之間的相對位置、距離和象限關系,并將重心放置在畫框中央或中央偏下區(qū)域,更偏好對角象限關系構圖。在兩個或多個具象圖形構圖時,同樣遵循空間布局的均衡性規(guī)律。3.朝向關系在具象圖形構圖中具有重要作用。兩個具象圖形構圖時,當兩個物體的延長線產(chǎn)生交叉,從而體現(xiàn)出兩個物體的運動角度產(chǎn)生匯聚趨勢時,人們對此的審美偏好評價也相對較高。畫面中的興趣點和背景也存在構圖朝向上的均衡關系。4.審美過程中晚期的腦電活動呈現(xiàn)明顯的左右腦差異,審美認知加工活動晚期存在主觀偏好判斷的特征波形。5.空間構圖審美存在專家—新手差異。專家更注重著眼整個畫框進行布局,構圖結果具有更高的均衡性;對于符合審美規(guī)律的圖片,腦電反應強度更大,速度更快。
[Abstract]:This study explores the psychological mechanism of painting composition aesthetics in visual aesthetics. In the current experimental research on aesthetics, the aesthetic research of painting composition has gradually become a hot spot, but the psychological experimental research in this field neglects the role of picture frames in composition, and lacks cross-cultural comparative research, and the experimental research is too simple. The ecological validity is on the low side; limited by experimental technology, only longitudinal or horizontal composition can be manipulated by single dimensional experiments, and the revelation of aesthetic psychological mechanism of composition is inherently deficient. Equilibrium refers to the relative relationship within the composition, including the position of a single composition object, the position relationship between multiple composition objects, the orientation relationship between the composition objects, and the relationship between the composition object and the whole composition and the picture frame, etc. It is an important embodiment of aesthetic value of painting composition. In this study, the aesthetic preference evaluation paradigm was used to generate the adjustment paradigm (free composition and restricted conditional composition) and ERP experimental technology. Through five experiments, abstract graphics and typical figurative figures in traditional Chinese painting were adopted, respectively. The equilibrium of space composition of Chinese traditional painting and the law of EEG activity in composition aesthetics are analyzed in strict quantification. The preliminary conclusion of the study is as follows: 1. There are significant differences in the proportion of typical picture frames between Chinese and Western paintings, and the difference in the proportion of picture frames has a significant impact on spatial composition. The difference of the long longitudinal frame is more obvious, people tend to place the center of gravity in the center of the center of gravity along the vertical symmetry axis when the long longitudinal frame is constructed. The balance of space composition is an important rule followed by painting composition aesthetics. In the case of a single abstract object, the subjects tend to place it in the center of the frame or in the vertical, horizontal axis of symmetry; in the case of two or more abstract objects, the subjects tend to adjust the relative position between the composition objects. Distance and quadrant relations, and the center of gravity in the center of the frame or the center of the lower region, prefer diagonal quadrant relationship composition. In the case of two or more figurative graphics, the equilibrium law of spatial layout is also followed. 3. Orientation relation plays an important role in the figurative graphic composition. When the extension lines of the two objects cross and the angle of motion of the two objects converges, the aesthetic preference of the two objects is relatively high. The interest point and the background in the picture also have the equalization relation of the composition orientation. 4. The EEG activity in the middle and late stage of aesthetic process showed obvious difference between left and right brain, and the characteristic waveform of subjective preference judgment existed in the late stage of aesthetic cognitive processing. 5. There are differences between experts and novice in space composition aesthetics. Experts pay more attention to the whole picture frame layout, the composition results have a higher balance; for the image in line with the aesthetic law, EEG response intensity is greater, faster.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：J206.1

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