本文選題：1836—1917年 + 俄國��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：俄國鐵路修建始于19世紀(jì)30年代,19世紀(jì)下半期俄國鐵路建設(shè)規(guī)模迅速擴(kuò)大。俄國政府通過大規(guī)模引進(jìn)外資、建立承租體系、成立鐵路建設(shè)基金、發(fā)行國內(nèi)債券、政府參股大型鐵路公司等措施,直接或間接支持私有鐵路企業(yè),致使俄國于19世紀(jì)60年代中期至70年代中期和90年代掀起兩次鐵路修建熱潮。此外,俄國政府通過加強(qiáng)對私有鐵路企業(yè)的監(jiān)管力度、統(tǒng)一運(yùn)價(jià)、收購虧損私有鐵路企業(yè),出資在邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)修建重要戰(zhàn)略和經(jīng)濟(jì)鐵路、加強(qiáng)國有鐵路管理等措施,強(qiáng)化國家鐵路領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)。20世紀(jì)初俄國鐵路網(wǎng)覆蓋全國大部分地區(qū),鐵路長度躍居世界第二位。在俄國鐵路發(fā)展進(jìn)程中資金、技術(shù)、人員都至關(guān)重要,外資在俄國鐵路修建中作用巨大。鐵路修建,促進(jìn)商品流通、加快全國統(tǒng)一市場的形成,對俄國工業(yè),尤其是冶金業(yè)、運(yùn)輸機(jī)器制造業(yè)、燃料工業(yè)崛起可謂居功甚偉。
[Abstract]:The Russian railway construction began in the 1930s and the second half of the 19th century. The Russian government directly or indirectly supported private railway enterprises by introducing foreign capital on a large scale, establishing a leasing system, setting up railway construction funds, issuing domestic bonds, and the government taking part in large railway companies. In the mid-1960 s-70 s and 90 s, Russia started two railway construction upsurge. In addition, the Russian government has strengthened supervision over private railway enterprises, unified freight rates, acquired loss-making private railway enterprises, financed the construction of important strategic and economic railways in remote areas, and strengthened the management of state-owned railways. Strengthening the National Railway leadership. In the early 20th century, the Russian railway network covered most of the country, and the length of the railway jumped to the second place in the world. In the process of Russian railway development, capital, technology and personnel are of great importance, and foreign investment plays an important role in the construction of Russian railway. The construction of railways, the promotion of commodity circulation, and the formation of a unified national market contributed greatly to the rise of Russian industry, especially the metallurgical industry, transportation machinery manufacturing and fuel industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K512.4
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本文編號：1843657