本文選題：魯迅　切入點(diǎn)：法語世界　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：魯迅因其思想和作品的獨(dú)特性率先吸引了西方學(xué)界的目光,成為引領(lǐng)中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)在法語世界的傳播與研究的主角。九十年以來,法語世界的魯迅?jìng)鞑ヅc研究取得了豐碩的成果,魯迅作品被系統(tǒng)地翻譯成法語,魯迅研究機(jī)構(gòu)和研究專家隊(duì)伍逐漸壯大,魯迅形象不僅在法國學(xué)術(shù)界得到了肯定,也滲透到法國社會(huì)和人民的日常生活中,越來越被法語讀者所了解和接受�！拔逅摹毙挛幕\(yùn)動(dòng)以來中國文學(xué)的文化價(jià)值被越來越多的西方學(xué)者所認(rèn)同和重視,國外學(xué)術(shù)界充分認(rèn)識(shí)到了中國文學(xué)是世界文學(xué)一個(gè)不可分割的重要組成部分。法國著名漢學(xué)家弗朗索瓦·于連在《為什么我們西人研究哲學(xué)不能繞過中國?》中指出“西方的單一經(jīng)驗(yàn)”背景下形成的人文科學(xué)需要東方思想給其“自省的機(jī)會(huì)”、“解救”西方理性主義。新世紀(jì)是一個(gè)全球化的新時(shí)代,我們既要遵循“五四”以來中國學(xué)界的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng),注重吸收外國先進(jìn)文化的營養(yǎng)成分,也要積極把中國的文化精品和優(yōu)秀文學(xué)成果推向世界。在全球化的語境下系統(tǒng)研究中國文化和文學(xué)在國外的傳播和接受已經(jīng)成為了中西比較文學(xué)的一個(gè)重要的研究方向。因而,系統(tǒng)地梳理、歸納法語世界魯迅研究活動(dòng)的歷史與現(xiàn)狀,以及未來發(fā)展趨勢(shì),既是弘揚(yáng)中華文學(xué)和文化在異域語境中的傳承與影響力,也是引進(jìn)西方先進(jìn)研究方法和借鑒西方視角反思東方文明的一個(gè)價(jià)值取向。論文的研究目標(biāo)是淵源學(xué)、流傳學(xué)、媒介學(xué)視域下的魯迅在法語世界的傳播與研究的特點(diǎn)、規(guī)律和啟示,希冀進(jìn)一步探索魯迅資源的當(dāng)下意義,促進(jìn)全球語境下的魯迅?jìng)鞑ヅc文化的雙向交流。論文的研究?jī)?nèi)容分為八章,分別從不同時(shí)期分析了魯迅在法語世界的傳播與研究狀況及特點(diǎn),包括域外對(duì)魯迅作品的譯介、對(duì)魯迅文本與文藝?yán)碚摰难芯�、�?duì)魯迅的啟蒙思想和革命思想的研究以及文化、文學(xué)交流活動(dòng)中的魯迅形象研究等內(nèi)容。第一章是“法蘭西與魯迅思想的形成”。本章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了魯迅的生平及創(chuàng)作、魯迅的法國文學(xué)翻譯活動(dòng),重點(diǎn)分析了法國思潮在魯迅的文藝?yán)碚�、啟蒙思想和革命思想的形成進(jìn)程中所起的作用。第二章是“中國留法學(xué)生的魯迅譯介(1926-1936)”。本章搜集了1926至1936年間法國魯迅作品的譯介與傳播資料,這時(shí)期面向法語讀者的魯迅譯介與研究的主導(dǎo)模式是以中國留法學(xué)生為主力軍的個(gè)人翻譯方式,重點(diǎn)介紹了敬隱漁的魯迅譯介及其作用,以及徐仲年的魯迅作品的法語譯介,闡述了這期間影響魯迅及其作品在法語世界傳播的主客觀因素。第三章是“外國傳教士的魯迅?jìng)鞑ヅc研究(1937-1948)”。本章圍繞1937至1948年間法國、比利時(shí)等國的在華傳教士的魯迅譯研活動(dòng)展開研究,重點(diǎn)研究了善秉仁、文寶峰、明興禮、歐克塔·布里埃爾的魯迅研究成果及其局限性。第四章是“‘毛主義者’與‘原樣派’的魯迅?jìng)鞑ヅc接受(1949-1976)”。本章介紹了1949至1976年間魯迅作品在法國的傳播與接受情況,以“毛主義者”和“原樣派”的魯迅研究活動(dòng)為主要研究對(duì)象,分析了該時(shí)期的研究特點(diǎn)和局限性,重點(diǎn)分析了波伏瓦的《長(zhǎng)征》和布拉格學(xué)派成員貝爾塔·克萊布索娃的魯迅譯研活動(dòng)。第五章是“20世紀(jì)末對(duì)魯迅的全面譯介與研究(1977-1999)”。本章主要分析了1977年至20世紀(jì)末當(dāng)代漢學(xué)家的魯迅譯研特點(diǎn)。重點(diǎn)分析了米歇爾·露阿、弗朗索瓦·于連等漢學(xué)家的魯迅研究活動(dòng)及其魯迅觀。第六章是“新世紀(jì)的魯迅形象(2000-2016)”。本章對(duì)新世紀(jì)魯迅形象在法語世界的塑造與接受情況展開研究,重點(diǎn)分析了塞巴斯蒂安·魏簡(jiǎn)的魯迅譯介與研究成果、勒·克萊齊奧的魯迅接受以及魯迅在中法文化交流中的貢獻(xiàn)。第七章是“《阿q正傳》的重譯與解讀”。本章通過對(duì)保羅·讓馬迪、瑪?shù)倌取ね呷R特·艾瑪麗、米歇爾·露阿和北京外文出版社的《阿q正傳》法文譯本之間的比較,分析譯者對(duì)魯迅的理解和接受狀況及特點(diǎn),揭示阿q的多面性。第八章是“論爭(zhēng)”。本章主要探討了以下內(nèi)容:(一)關(guān)于《野草》的論戰(zhàn);(二)阿q還存在嗎?(三)魯迅是人道主義者嗎?(四)羅曼·羅蘭與魯迅的信事件;(五)魯迅是否因羅曼·羅蘭的“托庇有了名”。對(duì)上述存在爭(zhēng)論的問題重新追根溯源,澄清某些存在爭(zhēng)議的歷史問題。結(jié)語部分是對(duì)全篇的總結(jié),通過分析魯迅在法語世界的傳播和研究規(guī)律,揭示魯迅作品在未來法語世界的發(fā)展前景、魯迅的啟蒙思想和革命精神對(duì)于當(dāng)下社會(huì)的發(fā)展、進(jìn)步的指導(dǎo)意義。在不同的歷史時(shí)期,法語世界魯迅的傳播與研究呈現(xiàn)出不同的態(tài)勢(shì)和特點(diǎn),順應(yīng)了歷史潮流的發(fā)展規(guī)律�？傊�,法語世界對(duì)魯迅及其著作的評(píng)價(jià)很高。20世紀(jì)魯迅在法語世界的傳播與研究歷程完成了魯迅從中國作家走向世界作家的歷史認(rèn)知,21世紀(jì)魯迅的傳播與研究將繼續(xù)前進(jìn),逐步完成魯迅世界文化名人形象的塑造與接受。未來的法語世界魯迅研究可能呈如下發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì):一方面21世紀(jì)的法語世界魯迅研究繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)魯迅文本的民族性閱讀,更為注重作品的國民性批判和啟蒙思想的現(xiàn)代性價(jià)值檢驗(yàn),并結(jié)合西方哲學(xué)思想、西方文藝?yán)碚搫?chuàng)作機(jī)制論證魯迅文學(xué)的世界性特征。另一方面研究重心將從文學(xué)領(lǐng)域逐步轉(zhuǎn)向社會(huì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域,從有形的文本研究轉(zhuǎn)向無形的機(jī)理研究,即魯迅的社會(huì)學(xué)影響研究,影響對(duì)象不局限于某個(gè)種群、某個(gè)階級(jí),影響時(shí)間不局限于某個(gè)時(shí)代,影響范圍不局限于文學(xué)、文化領(lǐng)域。這種影響力作用下的結(jié)果可能是有形的文本輸出,也有可能是無形的人格塑造。21世紀(jì)法語世界的魯迅研究將進(jìn)一步深入發(fā)展,相關(guān)研究成果更加全面、系統(tǒng)和深刻。魯迅的世界性不僅僅體現(xiàn)在其作品產(chǎn)生的世界共識(shí),還體現(xiàn)在其精神產(chǎn)生的普遍心理認(rèn)知,其人格力量輻射下對(duì)社會(huì)心理機(jī)制產(chǎn)生的普遍約束,在世界范圍內(nèi)思考“理想的人性”并尋求答案。
[Abstract]:Lu Xun because of his unique ideas and works to attract Western academic attention, become the dissemination and guidance of research Chinese contemporary literature in the French speaking world of the protagonist. In ninety years, Lu Xun spread and research of the French speaking world has achieved fruitful results, Lu Xun's works were systematically translated into French, Lu Xun research institute the research team of experts and gradually grow, not only the image of Lu Xun has been affirmed in the French academic circles, has penetrated into French society and people's daily life, more and more to be understood and accepted by French readers. "54" since the new culture movement China cultural value by more and more western scholars acknowledged and valued. Foreign academic circles are fully aware of the China literature world literature is an integral and important part. The famous French Sinologist Francois Julien why we study in the west " Philosophy cannot bypass China? > that "Western single experience" formed under the background of humanities to Eastern thought to its "introspection opportunity", "save" of western rationalism. The new century is a new era of globalization, we should follow the fine tradition in the Ancient Chinese Literature Search circles since the "54", pay attention to absorb the nutrients foreign advanced culture, but also actively to China cultural products and outstanding literary achievements to the world. In the communication system of China culture and literature in the context of globalization in the world and accept has become an important research direction in the West comparison literature. Therefore, systematically, the history and current situation Lu Xun summed up French speaking world research activities, as well as the future trend of development, is the inheritance and influence of Chinese literature and culture in foreign context, but also the introduction of advanced western research methods From a Western perspective to reflect the value orientation of the Oriental civilization. The object of this thesis is to study origin, popular science, characteristics of communication and media studies research from the perspective of Lu Xun in the French speaking world, law and enlightenment, hoping to further explore the contemporary significance of Lu Xun resources, two-way communication and cultural exchanges to promote Lu Xun in the global context the research content of the thesis is divided into eight chapters, respectively, from different periods of analysis of Lu Xun in the French speaking world communication and research status and characteristics, including foreign to the translation of Lu Xun's works, the study of Lu Xun text and literary theory, Lu Xun's enlightenment and revolutionary thought research and culture, the content of literary exchange activities the image of Lu Xun research. The first chapter is "form" of France and Lu Xun thought. This chapter briefly introduces Lu Xun's life and creation, Lu Xun's French literary translation activities, focus on Analysis of the French Thought in Lu Xun's literary theory, the formation process of enlightenment and revolution in the role. The second chapter is "the introduction of Lu Xun Chinese students in France (1926-1936)." this chapter collected 1926 to 1936 French translation of Lu Xun's works and the dissemination of information, translation and research of the dominant mode of Lu Xun during the period of French readers is oriented to China leave law students as the main force of the personal style of translation focuses on the introduction of Lu Xun and King Yinyu, and Xu Zhongnian Lu Xun's works in French translation, discusses the influence of Lu Xun and his works in French during the world of subjective and objective factors. The third chapter is "the spread of Lu Xun and Study on foreign missionaries (1937-1948)". In this chapter, 1937 to 1948 years in France, Belgium and other countries Lu Xun translation of the missionaries in China research activities carried out research, focusing on the good grasp of the kernel. BaoFeng, Xingli Ming, Lu Xun research achievements and limitations of Octa Gabriel. The fourth chapter is "the" Maoists "and" original faction "Lu Xun spread and acceptance (1949-1976)". This chapter introduces the spread of 1949 to 1976 years of Lu Xun works in France and acceptance, "Maoist" and "the original school" Lu Xun research activities as the main research object, analyzes the characteristics and limitations of the study period, mainly analyzes Lu Xun's translation of Beauvoir "Long March > and member of the Prague School of Berta Klebusova's research activities. The fifth chapter is" at the end of twentieth Century on Lu Xun's comprehensive translation and Research (1977-1999) ". This chapter mainly analyzes Lu Xun from 1977 to the end of twentieth Century contemporary sinologists. Research focuses on Michel Lua, Francois Julien etc. Sinologist Lu Xun research activities and views. The sixth chapter is Lu Xun "The image of Lu Xun in the new century (2000-2016)". This chapter of the new century, the creation of the image of Lu Xun in the French speaking world and accepted research situation, mainly analyzes Lu Xun's translation and research achievements of Sebastian Weija, Clay Zio and le Lu Xun to accept Lu Xun's contribution to the Sino French cultural exchange. The seventh chapter is "Ah Q < > the retranslation and interpretation. This chapter by Paul, Jean Madi, Martina Valette Emma Li, comparison between Michel Lua and Beijing foreign languages press < Ah Q > French translation, translator's understanding of Lu Xun's analysis and accept the situation and features of revealing the multi-faceted Ah Q. The eighth chapter is" controversy ". This chapter mainly discusses the following contents: (a) a < weeds > debate; (two) Ah Q still exist? (three) Lu Xun is a humanitarian? (four) Roman Roland and Lu Xun's letter; (five) Lu Xun Inroman Roland's "body with". The controversial re traced, clarify some controversial historical issues. The conclusion part is the summary of the whole thesis, through the analysis of Lu Xun in the French speaking world and spread of the works of Lu Xun, revealing the development prospects in the future development of the French speaking world, Lu Xun and enlightenment the revolutionary spirit for contemporary society, progress significance. In different historical periods, the spread and research of French Lu Xun's world show different trends and characteristics, development law conform to the historical trend. In conclusion, the evaluation of Lu Xun and his works in French world high.20 century Lu Xun in the French speaking world communication and study the course was completed by Lu Xun from the China writers towards the world writers historical cognition, communication and Study on Lu Xun in twenty-first Century will continue to move forward, the gradual completion of Lu Xun culture in the world Shaping the image of celebrities and acceptance. French world Lu Xun future research may be as follows: the development trend of the world on the one hand the French Lu Xun in twenty-first Century to continue to strengthen the national reading of Lu Xun's text, pay more attention to the work of national criticism and Enlightenment of the modern value of inspection, and combined with the western philosophy, western theory of literature creation the mechanism demonstrated the world feature in Lu Xun's literature. On the other hand, the research focus from the field of literature gradually turned to the field of sociology, research on the mechanism of invisible text research shifted from tangible, namely Lu Xun's Sociological Study on impact, influence of the object is not limited to one population, a class, time is not limited to one effect of age, not confined to literature, cultural field. The result of this influence may be visible text output, there may be invisible personality.21 Century Law The world Lu Xun study will further develop relevant research results more comprehensive, systematic and profound. The world of Lu Xun is not only reflected in the works of the world consensus, also reflects the widespread psychological cognition in the spirit of the universal constraints on social psychological mechanism of its GREE radiation under the thinking of "in the world in the ideal human nature and seek answers.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H32;I046
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本文編號(hào)：1562312