本文選題：詞類劃分　切入點：滿語虛詞　出處：《黑龍江大學》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：虛詞在語言中具有重要作用,是與實詞相對應的一個大詞類,是更側重于語法意義的一個詞類,因此,虛詞在語法學研究中占有重要地位,它是語法學研究中不可忽視的一個研究領域。滿語是粘著類型的語言。滿語的語法意義雖然主要由詞綴來表達,但是虛詞也在語法體系中起著復雜而重要的作用。虛詞作為一個詞,仍然保留著詞的完整詞形和語法變化形式,但是詞匯意義卻已經(jīng)虛化,從而不能獨立充當句子成分。虛詞是由實詞通過語義虛化發(fā)展來的,因此,虛詞與實詞保持著諸多聯(lián)系。隨著詞的語義虛化,逐漸失去句法獨立功能,只給相關的詞添加各種語法意義,因此,虛詞表達的意義更接近于語法形態(tài)。滿語詞類劃分時根據(jù)滿語實際,依據(jù)詞匯意義、句法功能和形態(tài)變化等標準采用三級分類法,每一級分類都有不同側重的原則,首先將滿語詞分為實詞和虛詞兩個大類。本文研究的是虛詞這一部分。本文主要包括如下內容:助動詞、后置詞、連詞、聯(lián)系動詞、語氣詞等。對這些詞的語法意義、語法功能和使用方法等進行了詳細分析研究,在此基礎上提出了自己看法。
[Abstract]:Function words play an important role in language, they are a big part of speech corresponding to notional words, and they are more focused on grammatical meaning. Therefore, function words play an important role in the study of grammar. It is a research field which can not be ignored in the study of grammar. Manchu is a language of adherent type. Although the grammatical meaning of Manchu is mainly expressed by affixes, But function words also play a complex and important role in the grammatical system. As a word, function words still retain the complete lexical form and grammatical change form of words, but the lexical meaning is already empty. Function words are developed by semantic vacuity, therefore, function words and notional words maintain many relations. With the semantic vacuity of words, they gradually lose the function of syntactic independence. The meaning of function words is closer to grammatical form. According to the actual situation of Manchu, according to lexical meaning, syntactic function and morphological change, the function words are classified into three levels. At first, the Manchu words are divided into two categories: notional words and function words. This paper mainly includes the following contents: auxiliary verbs, postposition words, conjunctions, and associative verbs. The grammatical meaning, grammatical function and usage method of these words are analyzed in detail, and their own views are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：黑龍江大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：H221
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本文編號：1560629