本文關(guān)鍵詞：中文閱讀中“上半部分優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)”的眼動研究　出處：《天津師范大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 中文閱讀 上半部分優(yōu)勢效應(yīng) 正字法模糊性 眼動研究

【摘要】：閱讀是人類日常生活中的一項基本且重要的認(rèn)知活動,閱讀過程是讀者視覺加工過程和語言加工過程的整合,詞匯識別是閱讀理解及語言加工的基礎(chǔ),那么詞匯的不同空間位置信息對詞匯識別所起的作用是否相同?對于拼音文字的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了詞匯識別的“上半部分優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)”,即根據(jù)空間位置分布,將單詞平均切分為上下兩部分,單詞的上半部分比單詞的下半部分對單詞識別起到更重要的作用。而對于中文中的“上半部分優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)”的研究較早期,研究方法較陳舊,對實驗材料沒有嚴(yán)格的控制,對于原因機制的探討也不完善。本研究在前人研究基礎(chǔ)上,采用精確的眼動記錄法,深入分析探討中文詞匯加工中的“上半部分優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)”的現(xiàn)象及原因,揭示中文閱讀詞匯加工不同位置信息提取的機制,完善中文閱讀的詞匯加工模型。本論文包括3項研究,4個分實驗。研究一包含1個實驗,采用完整、上半或下半部分呈現(xiàn)的簡體字文本讓被試進行閱讀,驗證分析前人得到的中文閱讀中的“上半部分優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)”。研究二包含2個實驗,在研究一揭示現(xiàn)象的基礎(chǔ)上分析原因,認(rèn)為“正字法模糊性”是影響上半部分識別優(yōu)勢的實質(zhì)因素,實驗嚴(yán)格控制目標(biāo)字的各種屬性,操縱目標(biāo)字的正字法模糊性程度(上下半均無模糊性、上下半均模糊、上半不模糊、下半不模糊)以及句中其他字的呈現(xiàn)形式(實驗2中所有字均分半呈現(xiàn)，，實驗3中僅目標(biāo)字分半呈現(xiàn),避免文本溢出效應(yīng)),深入探討“正字法模糊性”對“上半部分優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)”的調(diào)節(jié)作用。研究三包含1個實驗,采用邊界范式,保證讀者在自然閱讀的情況下,進一步考察正字法模糊性調(diào)節(jié)作用及半字識別的加工機制。綜合研究結(jié)果,結(jié)論如下：(1)中文閱讀中存在穩(wěn)定的“上半部分優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)”,即上半部分相比下半部分更容易被識別加工。(2)“正字法模糊性”對“上半部分優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)”有顯著的調(diào)節(jié)作用,半字正字法模糊性越大,識別半字的時間越長。(3)根據(jù)中文閱讀詞匯加工模型,半字的加工發(fā)生在漢字識別層,沒有正字法模糊性的半字信息僅能激活唯一的漢字,并抑制其他共享部件信息的漢字；而具有正字法模糊性的半字會激活全部共享半字信息的漢字,再進行選擇識別并抑制已經(jīng)被激活的漢字及共享部件信息的漢字,導(dǎo)致加工時間的延長。
[Abstract]:Reading is a basic and important cognitive activity in human daily life. Reading process is the integration of the reader's visual process and language processing process. Vocabulary recognition is the basis of reading comprehension and language processing. So the different spatial location information of vocabulary plays the same role in vocabulary recognition? For the study of phonetic characters, the "upper half advantage effect" of word recognition is found, that is, according to the spatial distribution, the words are divided into two parts. The first half of the word is more important than the second half of the word in the recognition of the word. There is no strict control on the experimental materials, and the discussion of the cause mechanism is not perfect. Based on the previous studies, this study adopts accurate eye movement recording method. This paper analyzes the phenomenon and reason of the "upper half advantage effect" in Chinese vocabulary processing, and reveals the mechanism of extracting different position information in Chinese reading vocabulary processing. This thesis consists of three studies and four experiments. Study one contains one experiment, which is composed of a complete, upper or lower part of the simplified text for the participants to read. Verification and analysis of the "upper half dominance effect" in Chinese reading. Study 2 contains two experiments, and analyzes the reasons on the basis of revealing the phenomenon. It is considered that "orthographic fuzziness" is the essential factor that affects the superiority of the upper part of recognition. The experiment strictly controls all kinds of attributes of the target word and controls the degree of ambiguity of the orthographic character of the target word (there is no fuzziness in the upper and lower half parts). The form of presentation of other words in the sentence (all the words in experiment 2 are equally divided and half presented, while in experiment 3 only the target word is presented in half and half to avoid the spillover effect of the text), the upper half is fuzzy, the upper half is not fuzzy, and the lower half is not fuzzy. This paper probes into the regulative effect of "orthographic fuzziness" on the "superior effect of the upper part". Study 3 contains an experiment, which adopts the boundary paradigm to ensure the reader to read naturally. Further study on the regulative effect of orthographic fuzziness and the processing mechanism of half-character recognition. The conclusion is as follows: 1) there is a stable "upper half dominant effect" in Chinese reading. That is, the upper half is easier to be recognized than the lower half of the processing.) "orthographic fuzziness" has a significant role in regulating the "superior effect of the upper half", and the greater the fuzziness of the half-character orthography. According to the Chinese reading vocabulary processing model, the half word processing takes place in the Chinese character recognition layer, and the half word information without orthographic ambiguity can only activate the unique Chinese character. And restrain other Chinese characters of sharing component information; And the Chinese character with the fuzziness of orthography will activate all the Chinese characters that share the information of half character, and then select and recognize and suppress the activated Chinese character and the Chinese character of shared component information, which leads to the prolongation of processing time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：B842

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本文編號：1430002