本文關(guān)鍵詞：唐蕃使者交聘研究　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：自吐蕃贊普松贊干布于唐貞觀八年(634年)遣使李唐,至唐會(huì)昌二年(842年)吐蕃王朝瓦解,唐蕃交往凡二百余年。期間,使者交聘往復(fù)頻繁,雖間或中斷,但主體依然保持并延續(xù)。唐蕃使者交聘貫穿于整個(gè)唐蕃關(guān)系之始終,成為唐蕃關(guān)系建立、發(fā)展、變化的紐帶與平衡體,是一部濃縮的唐蕃關(guān)系史。隨唐蕃關(guān)系的發(fā)展變化,唐蕃使者交聘呈現(xiàn)出不同歷史階段的特殊性,對(duì)唐蕃關(guān)系起伏發(fā)展之歷史轉(zhuǎn)折具有趨向性作用。在唐蕃使者交聘過程中,或常使交聘與專使交聘交織進(jìn)行；或唐蕃友好發(fā)展,常使交聘保持暢通；或常使交聘空窗,專使交聘頻繁,并呈現(xiàn)出吐蕃立體拓殖策略與請(qǐng)婚約合及會(huì)盟之政治運(yùn)作的交叉性。唐蕃常使交聘,保持著唐蕃關(guān)系的整體性發(fā)展；唐蕃專使交聘在特定的歷史時(shí)期,促使唐蕃關(guān)系平衡穩(wěn)定。和戰(zhàn)使者交聘,緩和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給唐蕃關(guān)系帶來的尖銳矛盾；會(huì)盟使者交聘,使唐蕃關(guān)系不斷趨于穩(wěn)定；和親使者交聘,建立、繼承、保持并延續(xù)唐蕃“舅甥關(guān)系”。唐蕃使者交聘,在時(shí)間上促進(jìn)唐蕃關(guān)系的發(fā)展與延續(xù),空間上形成了吐蕃主動(dòng)的文化引進(jìn)與李唐被動(dòng)文化輸出的格局。唐蕃使者交聘過程,有其時(shí)間上的動(dòng)態(tài)性,亦有其空間上的立體感,抑或說時(shí)間的動(dòng)態(tài)性與空間的立體感有序交叉。鑒于此,本文試圖在整體收集、分類、梳理、歸納唐蕃使者交聘文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,探尋唐蕃使者交聘在動(dòng)態(tài)演進(jìn)過程中的三維抑或多維之立體格局,進(jìn)而動(dòng)態(tài)性、立體化地呈現(xiàn)唐蕃使者交聘之歷史影像。文章第一部分為文獻(xiàn)整理與分類：據(jù)唐蕃使者交聘的任務(wù)內(nèi)容及性質(zhì),概述唐蕃常使交聘。唐蕃常使交聘,既有泛性特征,亦有唐蕃使者交聘?jìng)�(gè)案特性。同時(shí),唐蕃常使交聘在呈現(xiàn)唐蕃關(guān)系整體演進(jìn)中,其所能發(fā)映出的唐蕃關(guān)系的內(nèi)在之規(guī)律性,亦應(yīng)做以探求。第二部分重點(diǎn)歸納、論述唐蕃專使交聘：概述唐蕃專使交聘的整體內(nèi)容與分類的基礎(chǔ)上,以唐蕃議和使者、和親使者、會(huì)盟使者為具體對(duì)象,探討唐蕃使者交聘之動(dòng)態(tài)演進(jìn)與立體格局。唐蕃議和、和親、會(huì)盟之專使交聘,基本圍繞著唐蕃對(duì)資源及地域的爭(zhēng)奪所發(fā)生的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而進(jìn)行,唐蕃專使交聘自然隨唐蕃戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而具有空間格局。唐蕃專使交聘錯(cuò)落于唐蕃----吐谷渾----西域,唐蕃----河隴----南詔----西域,唐蕃----河隴、關(guān)隴----西域這三個(gè)空間格局之中,這一格局使唐蕃專使交聘形成了其特有的立體感觀。在唐蕃專使交聘之動(dòng)態(tài)演進(jìn)與立體空間格局中,探尋吐蕃王朝對(duì)外拓殖過程中,立體交叉式的軍事策略與政治運(yùn)作,這正是唐蕃專使交聘所呈現(xiàn)出的唐蕃關(guān)系內(nèi)在的規(guī)律性。第三部分主要探討唐蕃使者交聘的特征及歷史影響：唐蕃專使交聘所呈現(xiàn)的幾個(gè)斷帶,是唐蕃使者交聘中的一個(gè)特殊性。另外,在唐蕃常使交聘的空窗期,專使交聘往復(fù)頻繁。唐蕃使者交聘,在時(shí)間上繼承、保持、延續(xù)了唐蕃舅甥關(guān)系,空間上,形成了吐蕃主動(dòng)引進(jìn)中原文化與李唐被動(dòng)文化輸出格局,促進(jìn)、延續(xù)唐蕃政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、文化交流。最后一部分對(duì)唐蕃使者交聘所關(guān)聯(lián)問題進(jìn)行整理并初步探討：唐蕃使者交聘當(dāng)中的幾個(gè)問題的思考；南詔臣屬吐蕃時(shí)期,其與李唐使者交聘探討；敦煌文獻(xiàn)所載之李唐入蕃使者“致禮”之商榷；唐蕃使者交聘中扣押使者現(xiàn)象之性質(zhì)。本文通過四部分內(nèi)容的探討,力圖對(duì)唐蕃使者交聘做以全方位的呈現(xiàn),并以具體專使交聘為重點(diǎn),盡可能深入地探尋唐蕃使者交聘所涵蓋之唐蕃關(guān)系發(fā)展的內(nèi)在規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:Since the Tubo tsempo Song Xan Gan Bbu in Tang Zhenguan eight years (634 years) sent to Li Tang, Tang Huichang two years (842 years) the collapse of the Tubo Dynasty, Tang exchanges where more than two hundred years. During the period, the diplomatic envoys reciprocating frequently, although occasionally interrupted, but the main remains and continues. The messenger jiaopin runs through the whole of the relation of as the relation, establishment, development, and change the link balance body, is a condensed history of the relation. With the development of the relation, the angel of jiaopin shows the specialty of different historical stages, with tendency of the development of the relationship between the ups and downs of historical turning point. In the process of diplomatic envoys or, often make the jiaopin diplomatic envoy and interwoven; Tang or friendly development, often make the jiaopin unblocked; or make the jiaopin window, then the jiaopin frequently, and showing a three-dimensional colonization strategy and Tibet engagement and the meeting please The cross of political operation. Tang often makes jiaopin, keeping the overall development of the relation of the Tang Dynasty; the diplomatic envoy in the specific historical period, the relation of balance and stability. The battle angel jiaopin, sharp contradiction to ease the war brings the relation; the angel of the jiaopin, so the relation tends to be stable and the angel of the jiaopin; establishment, inheritance, and continue to maintain the "nephew relationship". The messenger of jiaopin, promote the development and evolution of the relation in time and space on the formation of the Tibetan culture and the introduction of active passive Li Tang culture output pattern. The angel of the diplomatic process, the dynamics of the time, also on the space stereoscopic, dynamic and spatial or time three-dimensional ordered crossover. In view of this, this paper tries to overall collection, classification, sorting, summarizing the literature on the diplomatic envoy, To explore the jiaopin pattern in the Tang emissary three-dimensional dynamic evolution of three-dimensional or multidimensional, and dynamic, three-dimensional display of Tang history angel jiaopin imaging. The first part is the literature review and classification tasks: according to the content and nature of the diplomatic envoys of Tang, Tang OverviewThe often jiaopin Tang often. The jiaopin, both universal characteristic, also has the jiaopin characteristics of Tang emissary case. At the same time, Tang often makes jiaopin in the overall evolution of the relation, the inner regularity of the reveals the relation, also should be done to explore. The second part discusses the diplomatic envoy Tang induction. Overall: basic content and classification overview of Tang on the diplomatic envoy, to Tang and angel, and the angel angel as the object, to explore the dynamic evolution of Tang messenger hired with stereo pattern. And, the Tang and the special envoy to Hire, basic around and what happened to Tang Fan for the resources and regional war, diplomatic envoy Tang Fan Tang Fan with war with natural spatial pattern. The diplomatic envoy Tang Fan Tang Fan ---- ---- Tuguhun scattered in the western regions, Tang Fan -- Helong -- Nanzhao -- Western, Tang Fan, Helong, Guanlong ---- the three western regions a spatial pattern, the pattern of the diplomatic envoy Tang Fan formed its unique three-dimensional view. Dynamic evolution in Tang Fan and then employed three-dimensional space pattern, explore the Tubo Dynasty foreign colonization process, interchange of military strategy and political operation, this is the Tang Fan express jiaopin internal regular Tang Fan showing the relationship. The third part mainly discusses the characteristics and historical influence of Tang Fan's diplomatic envoy: Tang Fan has hired to make some agent fault belt is a special envoy Tang Fan hired in. In addition, in The window period of Tang diplomatic envoy, the jiaopin diplomatic envoy. The frequent reciprocating, inheritance, maintain in time, the continuation of the Tang Dynasty nephew relationship, space, form the Tibet initiative to introduce the Central Plains culture and Li Tang passive cultural output pattern, promote the continuation of Tang politics, economy, military, cultural exchange the last part of the angel. The jiaopin associated problems sorting and preliminary discussion: Reflections on several problems of Tang emissary to hire them; Nanzhao's period of Tibet, and the Li Tang messenger jiaopin discussion; a discussion on Li Tang Dunhuang literature contained in "salute" angel fan; Tang messenger messenger intersection property the phenomenon of seizure hire. In this paper through four parts, trying to do the jiaopin Tang messenger to the full range of presentation, and in particular the diplomatic envoy for the key, as far as possible to explore in depth the angel of jiaopin covered Tang The inherent law of development of relations between the fan.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：K242

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