本文關(guān)鍵詞：認(rèn)知視角下《人民日報(bào)》社論（1966-1971）的批評語篇分析　出處：《北京外國語大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：本文以文革前期(1966-1971)的《人民日報(bào)》社論為研究對象,以批評語篇分析(Critical Discourse Analysis, CDA)為基本理論框架,同時(shí)借鑒認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的語篇世界理論、概念隱喻理論和識解活動理論,考察社論在詞匯、句法和篇章層面的語言特征及其認(rèn)知功效,闡釋社論如何引導(dǎo)讀者建構(gòu)既定的語篇世界,進(jìn)而控制讀者對現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的認(rèn)識。 通過對1966-1971年間122篇《人民日報(bào)》社論的定性和定量分析,本研究有以下發(fā)現(xiàn)：在詞匯層面,文革社論中的高頻實(shí)詞限定了語篇世界中“無產(chǎn)階級”和“資產(chǎn)階級”兩大元范疇的構(gòu)成、性狀和相互關(guān)系,將語篇世界虛構(gòu)為兩個(gè)對立陣營相互斗爭的巨大戰(zhàn)場,以強(qiáng)化讀者的階級斗爭意識。在句法層面,社論一方面通過祈使句的密集使用來建構(gòu)態(tài)度性亞世界,并以之作為語篇世界發(fā)展的方向,迫使讀者按照既定的規(guī)則和方式進(jìn)行政治實(shí)踐；另一方面又通過大量的引述句來建構(gòu)認(rèn)識性亞世界,用于限定和管束語篇世界的構(gòu)成,迫使讀者的視角和領(lǐng)袖的視角保持絕對一致,造就“以領(lǐng)袖為中心”的思維定式。在語篇層面,社論通過“開篇—中段—結(jié)論”的結(jié)構(gòu),傳遞“雖然形勢大好,但是社會危機(jī)仍存,因此必須繼續(xù)革命”的基本邏輯,賦予了語篇世界“發(fā)展與危機(jī)并存”的矛盾特性,向讀者灌輸階級斗爭的合理性和必要性。最后,詞匯、句法和篇章三個(gè)層面中大量出現(xiàn)的事件結(jié)構(gòu)空間隱喻將空間結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系投射到語篇世界,限定語篇世界中各個(gè)概念的性質(zhì)及其相互關(guān)系。這樣一個(gè)通過反復(fù)強(qiáng)化建立起來的語篇世界及其認(rèn)知結(jié)構(gòu)驅(qū)使讀者以二元對立的方式劃分現(xiàn)實(shí)世界,同時(shí)強(qiáng)化了讀者的恐懼焦慮心理和權(quán)威意識,釋放了破壞攻擊欲望,最終導(dǎo)致整個(gè)社會的失序。 通過對文革前期《人民日報(bào)》社論的分析,本研究希望解釋文革語篇與文革思維和政治霸權(quán)之間的關(guān)系,揭示極端政治語篇對人們思想行為的控制和對畸形社會現(xiàn)實(shí)的建構(gòu)作用,反思文革對個(gè)人和社會的沖擊,倡導(dǎo)用理性和人性的語篇客觀反映外部世界,塑造公正和諧的社會秩序。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the "People's Daily" editorial in the early period of the Cultural Revolution (1966-1971) as the research object and criticizes the critical Discourse Analysis. CDA) is used as the basic theoretical framework, and at the same time, the textual world theory, conceptual metaphor theory and construal activity theory of cognitive linguistics are used to investigate the lexical features of editorials. The linguistic features at the syntactic and textual levels and their cognitive efficacy are explained to explain how editorials guide readers to construct a given discourse world and thus control the readers' understanding of the real world. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of 122 "People's Daily" editorials during 1966-1971, the present study has found the following findings: at the lexical level. The high-frequency notional words in the editorials of the Cultural Revolution define the composition, character and interrelationship of the two meta categories of "proletariat" and "bourgeoisie" in the discourse world. In order to strengthen the readers' consciousness of class struggle, the discourse world is made up of two opposing camps. At the syntactic level, editorials construct the attitude subworld through the intensive use of imperative sentences on the one hand. Taking it as the direction of the development of the discourse world, the readers are forced to carry out political practice according to the established rules and methods. On the other hand, a large number of quotation sentences are used to construct the cognitive sub-world, which is used to limit and regulate the composition of the discourse world, forcing the reader's perspective and the leader's perspective to remain absolutely consistent. At the discourse level, the editorial adopts the structure of "opening-middle-conclusion" to convey "although the situation is good, the social crisis still exists." Therefore, we must continue the basic logic of revolution, endow the text with the contradictory characteristic of "development and crisis coexist", and instill the rationality and necessity of class struggle to readers. Finally, vocabulary. The spatial metaphors of event structures, which occur in the syntactic and textual levels, project spatial structural relationships into the discourse world. Defining the nature and interrelationship of the concepts in the discourse world, this text world and its cognitive structure, which are established through repeated reinforcement, drive the reader to divide the real world in a dualistic way. At the same time, it strengthens the reader's fear, anxiety and authority consciousness, releases the desire to destroy and attack, and finally leads to the disorder of the whole society. Through the analysis of the "People's Daily" editorials in the early period of the Cultural Revolution, this study hopes to explain the relationship between the discourse of the Cultural Revolution and the thinking and political hegemony of the Cultural Revolution. It reveals the control of extreme political discourse on people's thought and behavior and the construction of abnormal social reality, reflects on the impact of the Cultural Revolution on the individual and society, and advocates the objective reflection of the external world by the discourse of reason and humanity. Create a just and harmonious social order.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H15;G212.2

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