本文關(guān)鍵詞：高清海“類哲學(xué)”語(yǔ)境下的中國(guó)哲學(xué)“民族自我”思想探究　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 高清海 類哲學(xué) 中國(guó)個(gè)人主體 類本性 民族自我

【摘要】：高清海先生是當(dāng)代中國(guó)著名的哲學(xué)家和教育家。他搞哲學(xué)有戰(zhàn)略眼光,舍棄枝節(jié)之論和無(wú)益的淵博,抓住根本,持之以恒地獨(dú)立思考,做出獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的成果。高清海老師對(duì)人與世界及其關(guān)系的探索,無(wú)不回向?qū)θ说淖陨肀举|(zhì)的思考,因而他的哲學(xué)立場(chǎng)從“本體論觀點(diǎn)”經(jīng)“認(rèn)識(shí)論反思”到“實(shí)踐觀點(diǎn)的思維方式”,再到“類哲學(xué)”,可視為從抽象到具體不斷發(fā)展的同心圓。從二十世紀(jì)八十年代初,他以自由獨(dú)立的人格精神、深刻的思想洞察力和巨大的理論勇氣,強(qiáng)有力地變革了長(zhǎng)期束縛著人們頭腦的傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)觀念,以“辯證法就是認(rèn)識(shí)論”的綱領(lǐng)開啟了教科書改革的序幕,變革了哲學(xué)觀與世界觀,把傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)教科書的系列基本觀念從素樸直觀層次帶入反思層次,完成了中國(guó)哲學(xué)界的認(rèn)識(shí)論轉(zhuǎn)向,最終匯集為產(chǎn)生國(guó)際影響的《馬克思主義哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)》上下冊(cè)。認(rèn)識(shí)論反思的立場(chǎng),意味著已經(jīng)開始自覺(jué)從人與世界、思維與存在的關(guān)系,也就是從人的自身本質(zhì)去思考問(wèn)題。在教科書改革與哲學(xué)觀念變革中,高清海發(fā)現(xiàn)馬克思主義哲學(xué)革命的實(shí)質(zhì)在于“實(shí)踐觀點(diǎn)的思維方式”,從“人與世界否定性統(tǒng)一”的“實(shí)踐觀點(diǎn)”去看待人與世界及其全部關(guān)系,超越了抽象對(duì)立的“存在觀點(diǎn)”與“意識(shí)觀點(diǎn)”,從而把世界觀、認(rèn)識(shí)論、辯證法與歷史觀真正提升到馬克思主義哲學(xué)的層次上。但是“實(shí)踐觀點(diǎn)”還只是抽象的活動(dòng),只有切入現(xiàn)實(shí)歷史,才會(huì)對(duì)人的自身本質(zhì)達(dá)到更具體深入的把握。進(jìn)入九十年代,高清海老師從以往全部哲學(xué)與自己的哲學(xué)探索中,發(fā)現(xiàn)“人是哲學(xué)的奧妙”,哲學(xué)作為“理論形態(tài)的人類自我意識(shí)”所表達(dá)的不過(guò)是人對(duì)自身的觀點(diǎn),這構(gòu)成了高清海老師的哲學(xué)觀。以這一哲學(xué)理念深入探索了塑造個(gè)體主體的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì),理論地表征了人的存在方式及其自我意識(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)變。通過(guò)對(duì)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的批判性反思,根據(jù)馬克思哲學(xué)的類本質(zhì)思想與人的自由個(gè)性的全面發(fā)展的解放旨趣,及其對(duì)人類歷史三形態(tài)的本質(zhì)性洞察,融合了中國(guó)哲學(xué)天人合一的思想,創(chuàng)造性地提出“類哲學(xué)”的思想體系,表征了“建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義”的時(shí)代精神。從“認(rèn)識(shí)論反思”和“實(shí)踐觀點(diǎn)”到“類哲學(xué)”,高清海老師對(duì)人與世界的統(tǒng)一性及人的自身本質(zhì)的思考,不僅更為自覺(jué),而且也更加具體深入了。面對(duì)現(xiàn)代性困境,高清海老師深入具體人性論與人的自身本質(zhì)之實(shí)現(xiàn)的思考,研究和挖掘中華民族哲學(xué)傳統(tǒng)的精神特質(zhì)及其當(dāng)代價(jià)值,試圖從中國(guó)思想傳統(tǒng)吸收智慧,致力于“創(chuàng)造中華民族的思想自我”,以提供中華民族的未來(lái)發(fā)展所需要的自己的哲學(xué)理論,并在新的思想空間中探索一種更為深刻的生活樣式與文化基因,為人類的現(xiàn)實(shí)選擇提供新的可能道路,為人類文明敞開新的發(fā)展空間。論文共分三章:第一章探究了高清海老師關(guān)于中國(guó)個(gè)人主體發(fā)展的思想。通過(guò)論述市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)中國(guó)個(gè)人主體生成的作用和全球一體化對(duì)中華民族個(gè)人主體的塑造,來(lái)闡述中國(guó)個(gè)人主體的發(fā)展過(guò)程。高清海老師認(rèn)為,促進(jìn)生成普遍的獨(dú)立個(gè)人是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展最為根本的意義所在。市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)把人從“人的依附性”的“集群主體”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤耙晕锏囊蕾囆詾榛A(chǔ)的人的獨(dú)立性”的個(gè)體主體,形成了世界歷史的普遍社會(huì)聯(lián)系、多方面的需求與全面的能力體系,等價(jià)交換的抽象同一性確立了人的獨(dú)立、自由、平等的形式框架。這就為社會(huì)主義進(jìn)一步超越市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的“物的依賴性”,實(shí)現(xiàn)人的真正的獨(dú)立性與自由個(gè)性,為人的自身本質(zhì)從抽象的個(gè)體主體性發(fā)展到具體深刻的類主體性準(zhǔn)備了條件。第二章探究了高清海老師“類哲學(xué)”語(yǔ)境下中國(guó)哲學(xué)的“民族自我”問(wèn)題。“類哲學(xué)”是一種力圖超越西方概念形而上學(xué)的具體理性,“類”作為具體的普遍性,融自他、物我、主客于一體,“類主體”超越了個(gè)體主體的抽象性與形式性,在人的普遍性存在中實(shí)現(xiàn)人的整全的個(gè)性生命�！邦愱P(guān)系”作為人與人、人與自然、人與自身本質(zhì)的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一的一體性關(guān)系,“類本質(zhì)”作為人與自然完成了的本質(zhì)的統(tǒng)一、人與人完成了的本質(zhì)的統(tǒng)一、人與自身本質(zhì)完成了的本質(zhì)的統(tǒng)一,構(gòu)成了高清海老師“類哲學(xué)”的總綱�！邦惔嬖凇痹谌伺c自然的關(guān)系中,表現(xiàn)為人作為宇宙生命的人格化身,把宇宙化為生命的活物即“類化的存在”的天人合一的類活動(dòng);在人與人的關(guān)系中,實(shí)現(xiàn)了自由人的聯(lián)合體,每個(gè)人的自由個(gè)性與一切人的自由個(gè)性是相互包含的,完成了個(gè)人與社會(huì)的統(tǒng)一;在人與自我的關(guān)系中,追求人的自由個(gè)性的全面發(fā)展與自身本質(zhì)的實(shí)現(xiàn),成就人格與智慧,完成整全的個(gè)性生命。高清海“類哲學(xué)”力圖在人的層面重建絕對(duì)性,克服存在與價(jià)值的分裂,實(shí)現(xiàn)自由與自然相統(tǒng)一的實(shí)質(zhì)性自由,確立此岸世界的真理。“類哲學(xué)”作為吸收中國(guó)文化基因克服現(xiàn)代性抽象建制的努力,把中國(guó)文化的思想智慧融入馬克思主義哲學(xué)的當(dāng)代性話語(yǔ)中,既構(gòu)成了建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義的哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ),又成就了走向人類未來(lái)的當(dāng)代中國(guó)哲學(xué)。第三章探究了中國(guó)當(dāng)代原創(chuàng)性哲學(xué)與馬克思主義哲學(xué)的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一關(guān)系。建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義的偉大實(shí)踐是當(dāng)代中國(guó)的最大現(xiàn)實(shí),馬克思主義哲學(xué)處于中國(guó)的歷史、現(xiàn)實(shí)與理論的交匯點(diǎn)上,構(gòu)成了當(dāng)代中國(guó)乃至人類思想的可能性、現(xiàn)實(shí)性與必然性的統(tǒng)一。高清海老師的“類哲學(xué)”從人的“類本性”這一角度去理解人的和社會(huì)的未來(lái)發(fā)展,不僅可以為共產(chǎn)主義提供人性的深層根據(jù),而且能夠?yàn)閷?shí)現(xiàn)這一偉大的理想提供具體現(xiàn)實(shí)的途徑與方法。可以說(shuō),當(dāng)代中國(guó)的改革及其所帶來(lái)的生活方式的變化刺激引導(dǎo)著哲學(xué)思考走向生活的深處。從這一意義說(shuō),創(chuàng)造“當(dāng)代中國(guó)哲學(xué)”,實(shí)質(zhì)就是要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造中華民族的“思想自我”。高清海老師的“類哲學(xué)”作為表征“建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義”的時(shí)代精神的哲學(xué)典型,為構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)的共同體貢獻(xiàn)了中國(guó)馬克思主義哲學(xué)的智慧。
[Abstract]:Mr. Gao Qinghai is a famous contemporary Chinese philosopher and educator. He engaged in philosophy of strategic vision, on the side and not abandon the profound grasp, independent thinking, persevere, make creative achievements. Exploration of the people and the world and the relationship between the HD sea teacher, thinking all to the nature of their own, so his philosophical position from "ontological view" by "epistemological reflection" to "practical view way of thinking", then to "philosophy", is from the abstract to the concrete development of the concentric circle. From the beginning of 1980s, with his free independent personality, profound insight and great courage in theory to change the traditional philosophy, strong concept of long-term bound people's minds, "dialectics is the epistemology" program opened a prelude to the reform of textbook, change the view of Philosophy With the view of the world, the basic concept of the traditional philosophy textbook series from simple intuitive level into the reflection level, the complete understanding of Chinese philosophy on steering, leading to international influence of Marx philosophy based on < > 2. Epistemological reflection position means that has begun to consciously from the human and the world, the relationship between thinking and there is, from the person's own nature to think about the problem. In the textbook reform and philosophical ideas, find the essence of Marx's philosophy of Sea HD revolution is "practical view way of thinking", to look at the man and the world and all the relationship from the people and the world of negative unity "and" view of practice "and beyond the abstract opposition" view "and" consciousness view "to the world outlook, epistemology, dialectics and historical view of real ascension to Marx philosophy level. But the "view of practice" is an abstract activity, only the reality of history, will be on the person's own nature to more in-depth grasp. In 90s, the teacher from the Gao philosophy and his philosophy exploration, found that "people are the wonders of philosophy", "philosophy as the theoretical form of human self consciousness the expression is only a man of their own point of view, this constitutes a Gao philosophy. To the teacher this philosophy explores the shaping of the individual market economy theory, characterize the transformation of the way of human existence and its self consciousness. Through the critical reflection of the market economy, according to the comprehensive liberation purport the development of the essence of Marx's philosophy thought and the freedom of personality, and the human history of the three forms of insight into the nature of philosophy, fusion of heaven China one thought, creative This kind of philosophy system, characterized by "construction socialism with Chinese" spirit of the times. From the "epistemological reflection" and "view of practice" to "philosophy", thinking of the teacher Gao the unity of the world and the nature of their own, not only more consciously, but also more in-depth. Facing the dilemma of modernity, thinking to realize their own nature of HD sea teacher into the concrete theory of human nature and human spirit, study and explore the traditional Chinese philosophy and its contemporary value, trying to absorb the wisdom from China thought tradition, is committed to the creation of the Chinese nation, the thoughts of self "provide the need for future development of the Chinese nation's own philosophical theory, and in the space of new ideas to explore a more life style and cultural gene profound, as to provide a new choice of human The road, open the new space for the development of human civilization. The thesis consists of three chapters: the first chapter explores on the development of China HD sea teacher individual thought. Through the discussion of market economy to China individual formation and global integration of the Chinese nation to create individual, to explain the development process of China individual subject. Gao teacher thought, promote the formation of universal personal independence is the development of the market economy is the most essential meaning. The market economy from the "human dependence" and "cluster subject" into "the dependence on material as the foundation of human independence" of the individual subject, the formation of the world history the general social contact, many aspects of the demand and the ability of the comprehensive system, the exchange of equal value abstract identity establishes people's independence, freedom, equality and formal framework. This is further beyond the socialist market The economic "material dependence", realize the real independence and freedom of personality, is one's own essence abstracted from individual subjectivity to the development of specific deep class subject to condition. The second chapter explores the definition of sea teacher "philosophy" in the context of Chinese philosophy of "national self" "philosophy" is a specific reason tries to transcend the western concept of metaphysics, "class" as the concrete universal, melting from him, I, and in one, "subject" beyond the abstraction and form of individual subject, exist in the realization of the whole personality in human life the universal. "Relationship" as man and man, man and nature, man and the nature of their own internal unity relations, "class nature" as the unity of man and nature was completed, and completed the unity of nature, the people and their own Accomplish the unity of nature, constitute the philosophy of "class" teacher Gao master. "Existence" in the relationship between man and nature, is the incarnation of the universe as a life personality, the universe is living "of the existence of" harmony between man and nature of the class activities; in the relationship between people and people, realize the unity of free men, each person's free individuality and freedom of all people is personality mutually inclusive, to complete the unification of individual and society; the relationship between man and self, the pursuit of the all-round development of the implementation of the free personality and its quality. The achievement of personality and wisdom, to complete the whole individual life. Gao philosophy of "class" in trying to rebuild absolute level, overcome the existence and value of the division, to achieve substantive freedom and the nature of the unity, the establishment of this world of truth. "Philosophy" as absorption Chinese culture modern abstract system to overcome, the contemporary discourse Chinese culture ideological wisdom into Marx's philosophy, which constitute the philosophical foundation of building China socialism, and achievements of the future of mankind to contemporary philosophy. The third chapter Chinese explores the intrinsic unity of contemporary philosophy and Marx Chinese originality Marxist philosophy. The great practice of building socialism with Chinese is the biggest reality of contemporary Chinese, Marx philosophy in the history of China, the intersection of theory and reality, constitute the possibility of contemporary China and human thought, unity of reality and necessity. The philosophy of "class teacher Gao Qinghai" from this a view of "class nature" to understand the future development of human and society, human nature can not only provide a deep foundation of communism, and And can provide ways and methods of concrete reality in order to realize the great ideal. It can be said that the deep reform of contemporary China and stimulate the change brought about by the way of life philosophy to life. In this sense, the creation of "contemporary Chinese philosophy", essence is to create the Chinese nation "thoughts of self". The teacher's "Sea HD philosophy" as a representation of "building socialism China" spirit of the times the typical philosophy of Marx philosophy, contributed China wisdom to build a human community of destiny.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B26

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3 李信;哲學(xué)家高清海[N];吉林日?qǐng)?bào);2010年

4 高清海;找回失去的哲學(xué)自我[N];北京日?qǐng)?bào);2005年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 張嚴(yán);高清�！邦愓軐W(xué)”語(yǔ)境下的中國(guó)哲學(xué)“民族自我”思想探究[D];吉林大學(xué);2017年

2 張偉娟;高清海哲學(xué)思想研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2014年

3 焦明甲;從“物性邏輯”到“人性邏輯”[D];吉林大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 尹付軍;論高清海哲學(xué)觀的發(fā)展歷程及其意義[D];遼寧大學(xué);2016年

2 寇雪原;發(fā)現(xiàn)真正的現(xiàn)實(shí)存在[D];吉林大學(xué);2017年

3 柳青;類哲學(xué)視域下的國(guó)家與社會(huì)的關(guān)系[D];吉林大學(xué);2017年

4 韓淑輝;論高清海的哲學(xué)觀[D];大連理工大學(xué);2007年

5 崔淑芳;高清海人學(xué)理論探析[D];廣西師范學(xué)院;2010年

6 李淋淋;高清�！皩�(shí)踐觀點(diǎn)的思維方式”研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2012年

7 姜文開;高清海人學(xué)思想初探[D];吉林大學(xué);2013年

8 葉陽(yáng);論高清海的人學(xué)思想[D];大連理工大學(xué);2008年

9 張爽;高清海類哲學(xué)的邏輯特質(zhì)與人性價(jià)值探析[D];吉林大學(xué);2014年

10 楊榮;何謂“類”[D];吉林大學(xué);2014年

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