本文選題：無線傾角傳感器　切入點：傾角　出處：《河北工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：我國橋梁維護、舊橋安全評估或新橋驗收大都采用百分表或位移計直接測量橋梁撓度。該方法的優(yōu)點是設(shè)備簡單，可以進行多點檢測，直接得到各測點的撓度數(shù)值，測量結(jié)果穩(wěn)定可靠。但是直接測量方法需要在各測點拉鋼絲或者搭設(shè)架子，橋下有水時無法測量；當受到鐵路或公路行車限界的影響時，對跨線橋及跨越峽谷等地形的高橋也無法采用直接方法進行測量，而且布設(shè)和撤消儀表都比較繁雜，耗時較長。 本文系統(tǒng)介紹了一種橋梁撓度檢測方法。在與橋梁中軸線平行的軸線上的若干選定的測點上布設(shè)傾角傳感器，得到加載前后的傾角變化。通過計算可以得到該軸線上任何點的動撓度或者靜撓度。通過實測與建模分析，該方法適用于動載和靜載作用下的簡支梁和連續(xù)梁，且具有很高的精度。利用無線傾角傳感器測量橋梁不需要靜止的參考點，，特別適于測量跨河橋、跨線橋、大型的跨海、跨峽谷橋梁和高橋，大大提高了測量效率。 本文主要研究的工作和主要成果如下： 1．全面回顧了現(xiàn)今國內(nèi)外橋梁檢測中的撓度測量研究的現(xiàn)狀及最新的進展，介紹了現(xiàn)在常用的橋梁撓度的測量方法，例如百分表法、激光圖像測量法及連通管測量法等，對比分析了這幾種方法各自的優(yōu)點、缺點及其適用條件；以此為基礎(chǔ)著重介紹了本文的研究對象——基于無線傾角傳感器測量橋梁撓度。 2．根據(jù)橋上各測點的傾角值，結(jié)合三次樣條函數(shù)推導求解撓度的方程式。 3．以上述方程式為基礎(chǔ)，借助于Matlab編寫了根據(jù)傾角計算撓度的程序，并基于Matlab制作了GUI操作界面。 4．建立鋼筋混凝土簡支梁橋和三跨變截面連續(xù)剛構(gòu)橋的Ansys有限元模型，在模型上各個位置施加荷載，模擬實橋受力，并求解。結(jié)果表明Ansys求解的撓度值與根據(jù)傾角計算的撓度值吻合的很好。
[Abstract]:In China, bridge maintenance, safety assessment of old bridges or acceptance of new bridges mostly use a percentile or displacement meter to measure the deflection of the bridge directly. The advantage of this method is that the equipment is simple, and the deflection values of each measuring point can be directly obtained. The results of measurement are stable and reliable. However, direct measurement methods need to draw steel wire or set up frames at each measuring point, and cannot be measured when there is water under the bridge. It is difficult to measure the overpass bridge and the high bridge across the canyon by direct method. Moreover, the arrangement and withdrawal of the instrument are complicated and time-consuming. In this paper, a bridge deflection detection method is introduced systematically. The inclination sensor is arranged on some selected measuring points on the axis parallel to the central axis of the bridge. The dynamic deflection or static deflection of any point on the axis can be obtained by calculation. The method is suitable for simply supported beams and continuous beams under dynamic and static loads. It is especially suitable for measuring cross-river bridge, cross-bridge, large-scale cross-sea bridge, cross-canyon bridge and high bridge, which greatly improves the measuring efficiency. The main work and results of this paper are as follows:. 1. The present situation and the latest progress in the research of bridge deflection measurement at home and abroad are comprehensively reviewed, and the commonly used bridge deflection measurement methods, such as percentile method, laser image measurement method and connected tube measurement method, are introduced. The advantages, disadvantages and applicable conditions of each of these methods are compared and analyzed, and the research object of this paper, the bridge deflection measurement based on wireless inclination sensor, is introduced emphatically. 2. According to the inclination values of the measured points on the bridge, the equation of deflection is derived by combining the cubic spline function. 3. Based on the above equations, the program of calculating deflection according to inclination angle is written by Matlab, and the interface of GUI is made based on Matlab. 4. The Ansys finite element model of reinforced concrete simply supported beam bridge and three span continuous rigid frame bridge with variable cross section is established. The results show that the deflection calculated by Ansys is in good agreement with the deflection calculated according to the inclination angle.
【學位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U446

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