我國農(nóng)村小額信貸的發(fā)展問題及可持續(xù)性研究
[Abstract]:Since the emergence of microcredit in the 1970s, as the main way and means of poverty alleviation in rural areas, it has been widely recognized in the international scope. It aims to provide credit and loan-oriented financial services to farmers who cannot benefit from traditional financial institutions through microfinance institutions and to break the long-term vicious circle of poverty caused by insufficient investment through the injection of foreign funds. At present, after nearly 40 years of development, microcredit has covered most of the developing countries and a few developed countries. It has made a great contribution to the development of the global poverty cause. In 1993, our country formally introduced the GB model microcredit project with Grameen Bank as the template, and made great achievements in the pilot project, and provided the successful experience and paradigm for the development of the microfinance business in our country. Through the extension and development of nearly 20 years, microfinance has experienced the experimental stage, the extension stage, the development stage to the present innovation stage, has already become our country countryside finance system and the long-term poverty alleviation enterprise essential important component. It has played an important role in alleviating the imbalance between supply and demand in rural financial market, optimizing the rural financial system, promoting the development of rural economy, the progress of agricultural science and technology and the improvement of farmers' living standard. But at present, the rural micro-credit in our country is still tender and immature, and has not formed a mature industrial system. The main manifestation is that the contradiction between supply and demand caused by the insufficient supply of funds is still prominent, and the sustainable operation ability of micro-credit itself is lacking. Target customer targeting mechanism is not perfect, credit product single flexibility is not enough and so on. Summing up the practical experience of 20 years of rural micro-credit in China, it can be concluded that the development of micro-credit is based on political intervention, and the degree of marketization is weak. In the future, the development trend of micro-credit in China should be gradually changed from welfare micro-credit based on poverty alleviation to institutional micro-credit based on commercialization, so as to strengthen the sustainability of microfinance institutions, resist risks and product innovation ability. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter introduces the background and significance of the research, literature review at home and abroad. The second chapter introduces the related concepts of microfinance, including a summary of microfinance, theoretical basis and credit model. The third chapter studies the typical microfinance model in foreign countries from the perspective of development experience, and draws inspiration and reference to the development of microfinance in China. The fourth chapter introduces the development history and present situation of our country since the introduction of microfinance, analyzes its development trend from the two aspects of supply and demand, and compares and analyzes the "Zhejiang Model" and "Inner Mongolia Model", which are more successful in China's microfinance industry. In the fifth chapter, the author points out that the development of microfinance in China is restricted by policies, regulations and internal and external factors. The sixth chapter mainly discusses the countermeasures and suggestions of the sustainable development of microfinance. This paper introduces the basic concepts of microfinance and the international advanced theoretical development trend. On the basis of this, this paper analyzes the feasibility of the mature mode and experience of microfinance at home and abroad, and points out the shortcomings and problems of microfinance in the sustainable development of our country by combining with the basic economic development environment in rural areas of our country. In the analysis and study of different institutional choices and policy making to the development of microfinance, the specific analysis and study of the actual situation caused by the regional differences in various regions, and put forward some countermeasures and suggestions with the characteristics of regionalization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:天津商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:F832.43
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