本文關(guān)鍵詞：小額貸款公司社會(huì)績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)研究　出處：《浙江財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 小額貸款公司 社會(huì)績(jī)效 因子分析法 聚類(lèi)分析法

【摘要】：近年來(lái)，我國(guó)政府越來(lái)越重視中小企業(yè)融資和三農(nóng)發(fā)展問(wèn)題，而這些問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的根源在于中國(guó)金融發(fā)展不平衡。特別是，農(nóng)村金融缺失使得偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)以及貧困人口得不到金融服務(wù)。另外由于商業(yè)銀行的逐利性，中小企業(yè)不受青睞，得不到相應(yīng)的資金支持從而導(dǎo)致資金鏈斷裂，不利于中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展。因此，為使貧困人口脫貧，中小企業(yè)健康發(fā)展，，必須發(fā)展農(nóng)村金融，為其提供資金扶持與金融服務(wù)。2008年5月4日,中國(guó)人民銀行、中國(guó)銀監(jiān)會(huì)出臺(tái)了《關(guān)于小額貸款公司試點(diǎn)指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》,正式批準(zhǔn)了小額貸款公司的成立,允許民間資本從事信貸業(yè)務(wù)。小額貸款公司從2008年在我國(guó)進(jìn)行試點(diǎn)以來(lái)，為眾多傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)銀行無(wú)法惠及的低收入人群與小微型企業(yè)提供小額信貸等金融服務(wù)，填補(bǔ)農(nóng)村信貸缺口并緩解小微企業(yè)融資難的瓶頸。小額貸款公司所承載的社會(huì)責(zé)任逐漸成為社會(huì)備受關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)。另一方面，為了促使小額貸款公司積極履行社會(huì)責(zé)任，首先必須對(duì)其社會(huì)績(jī)效進(jìn)行評(píng)估，了解其是否承擔(dān)了相應(yīng)的社會(huì)責(zé)任。由此，本文將對(duì)小額貸款公司社會(huì)績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究。 本文首先詳盡地介紹了小額信貸和小額貸款公司的概念，其在國(guó)內(nèi)外的發(fā)展以及小額信貸機(jī)構(gòu)的種類(lèi)等內(nèi)容，特別是以浙江省為例，通過(guò)該省小額貸款公司的情況，總結(jié)了小額貸款公司的運(yùn)作模式，具體包括資金來(lái)源即小額貸款“只貸不存”的特點(diǎn)、資金運(yùn)作即“小額、分散”原則。然后文章圍繞小額貸款公司社會(huì)績(jī)效展開(kāi)論述。首先對(duì)社會(huì)績(jī)效的概念做出界定，本文認(rèn)為對(duì)于小額信貸機(jī)構(gòu)而言，社會(huì)績(jī)效是指為實(shí)現(xiàn)其扶貧目標(biāo)，設(shè)定相應(yīng)指標(biāo)、開(kāi)展經(jīng)營(yíng)管理，最終產(chǎn)生社會(huì)績(jī)效的過(guò)程。通過(guò)比較福利主義與制度主義兩種模式的小額信貸機(jī)構(gòu)，指出了小額貸款公司社會(huì)績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)的重要性。繼而分析了影響小額貸款公司社會(huì)績(jī)效的因素以及評(píng)價(jià)體系的幾個(gè)維度。對(duì)于小額貸款公司這種微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)，其社會(huì)績(jī)效包含的維度有：服務(wù)的覆蓋面、服務(wù)的適應(yīng)性、客戶(hù)收益、社會(huì)責(zé)任四個(gè)方面。基于此，文章構(gòu)建了一個(gè)多層次的小額貸款公司社會(huì)績(jī)效指標(biāo)體系，主要包含目標(biāo)定位、內(nèi)部治理結(jié)構(gòu)與員工行為，產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)，客戶(hù)滿(mǎn)意程度，社會(huì)目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)情況與財(cái)務(wù)可持續(xù)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r五個(gè)方面的指標(biāo)。 本文采用因子分析法與聚類(lèi)分析法進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析。實(shí)證過(guò)程中，首先采用因子分析法，將18個(gè)原始指標(biāo)用少數(shù)幾個(gè)公共因子來(lái)體現(xiàn)，從而達(dá)到降維的目的�；诖�，本文成功提取了五個(gè)公共因子，并分別命名這五個(gè)因子為客戶(hù)滿(mǎn)意度因子、可持續(xù)發(fā)展因子、社會(huì)福利因子、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制因子以及產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)因子。這些主因子反映了原始變量大部分的信息，能較好地對(duì)小額貸款公司社會(huì)績(jī)效做出評(píng)價(jià)。繼而，將通過(guò)因子分析法得到的五個(gè)主因子作為變量引入進(jìn)行聚類(lèi)分析。聚類(lèi)結(jié)果將30家小額貸款公司分為四類(lèi)。 基于上述實(shí)證結(jié)果，本文比較分析了浙江省各地區(qū)小額貸款公司在經(jīng)營(yíng)運(yùn)作以及績(jī)效表現(xiàn)上的異同，歸納總結(jié)了各自的特征。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)社會(huì)績(jī)效高于平均績(jī)效水平小額貸款公司多數(shù)位于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平較高的地區(qū)，但是績(jī)效水平較高的公司同樣存在不足之處，仍需改進(jìn)。因此本文簡(jiǎn)要提出了改進(jìn)建議。另外，研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)通過(guò)聚類(lèi)分析并沒(méi)有形成特別明顯的分類(lèi)，同一個(gè)地區(qū)的小貸公司也并沒(méi)有全部聚成一類(lèi)。由此說(shuō)明，各地區(qū)小額貸款公司之間存在較大的個(gè)體差異，并不具有地域性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, our government pay more attention to the problem of financing of small and medium-sized enterprises and rural development, the root causes of these problems is Chinese financial development is not balanced. In particular, the lack of rural finance in remote areas and poor people have no access to financial services. In addition to the profit of commercial banks, small and medium-sized enterprises is not popular, no corresponding financial support leading to funding strand breaks, is not conducive to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, in order to make the poor people out of poverty, the healthy development of small and medium enterprises, we must develop the rural finance, to provide financial support and financial services for the.2008 in May 4th, the people's Bank of China China, the CBRC issued "on the small loan company pilot guidance", formally approved the establishment of small loan companies, allowing private capital to engage in credit business. The small loan company pilot since 2008 in China, for many Provide micro credit and other financial services of traditional commercial banks to benefit low-income groups and small micro enterprises, to fill the gap and ease the bottleneck of rural credit financing Small and micro businesses. Small loan companies bearing the social responsibility has become a hot social concern. On the other hand, in order to promote microfinance companies to actively fulfill their social responsibilities, we must assess their social performance, understand its to undertake their social responsibility. Therefore, this paper will study the problem of social performance evaluation of small loan companies.
This paper first introduces the concept of microcredit and microfinance companies, at home and abroad as well as the development of microfinance institutions and other types of content, especially in Zhejiang Province as an example, through the small loan companies in the province, summarizes the operation mode of small loan companies, including the source of funds is small loan the "credit only" characteristics, namely "small capital operation, decentralized principle. Then this article focuses on the social performance of the small loan company is discussed. Firstly, defines the concept of social performance, this paper believes that the microfinance institutions, social performance refers to the realization of the goal of poverty alleviation, set the corresponding index, carry out management finally, process of social performance. Through the comparison of welfare microfinance institutions and institutional two models, pointed out that the microfinance company social performance evaluation important . then analyzes the factors affecting the social performance of small loan companies and several dimensions of evaluation system for small loan companies. This kind of micro financial institutions, including the social performance dimensions: service coverage, service adaptability, customer profitability, the four aspects of social responsibility. Based on this, this paper constructs a microfinance company society the performance of a multi-level index system, mainly including goal orientation, internal governance structure and employee behavior, products and services, customer satisfaction, social status and the realization of the goal of financial sustainable development indicators in five areas.
This paper uses factor analysis method and cluster analysis method to empirical analysis. In the empirical process, first, using factor analysis, 18 primitive indexes with few common factors to reflect, so as to achieve the purpose of dimension reduction. Based on this, this paper successfully extracted five common factors, and were named the five factors for the customer satisfaction factor, sustainable development factor, social factor, risk factor and control factor of products and services. The main factor reflects most of the original variables, can the social performance of small loan companies do evaluation. Then, through the factor analysis of five main factors are used as variables into cluster analysis. The clustering results of 30 small loan companies are divided into four categories.
Based on the above empirical results, this paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the various regions of Zhejiang province microfinance companies in operation and performance, summarizes their characteristics. The study found that the social performance is higher than the average level of performance of small loan companies, mostly located in the high level of regional economic development, but the high level of company performance also exist deficiencies, it still needs to be improved. So this paper puts forward some suggestions for improvement. In addition, the study also found that through cluster analysis did not form a significant category, in the same area of small loan companies are not all clustered into one group. This shows that there are large individual differences between the various regions of the petty loan company, does not have regional.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.4

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