信托公司信托業(yè)務(wù)效率及其影響因素實(shí)證研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞:信托公司信托業(yè)務(wù)效率及其影響因素實(shí)證研究 出處:《吉林大學(xué)》2014年博士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
更多相關(guān)文章: 信托業(yè)務(wù)效率 隨機(jī)前沿分析法(SFA) 非平衡面板數(shù)據(jù) 超越對(duì)數(shù)生產(chǎn)函數(shù)(TL)
【摘要】:近年來我國(guó)信托資產(chǎn)規(guī)?焖僭鲩L(zhǎng),截至2014年6月末已達(dá)到12.48萬億元人民幣,成為我國(guó)僅次于銀行理財(cái)規(guī)模的第二大金融業(yè)態(tài)。信托業(yè)務(wù)是信托公司的專有和本源業(yè)務(wù),是信托公司的首要利潤(rùn)來源,目前我國(guó)的信托業(yè)務(wù)面臨著轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展與應(yīng)對(duì)激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的挑戰(zhàn),并且還存在著諸多固有頑疾亟待破解,提升信托業(yè)務(wù)效率成為必要。但是由于信托業(yè)務(wù)在中國(guó)金融領(lǐng)域的后發(fā)性,國(guó)內(nèi)專門研究信托公司的特定功能單元——信托業(yè)務(wù)的文獻(xiàn)較少,對(duì)其進(jìn)行計(jì)量研究的更少。在此背景下,本文試圖構(gòu)建計(jì)量模型測(cè)度各家信托公司歷年的信托業(yè)務(wù)效率水平,并在定性分析與定量分析兩個(gè)層面對(duì)影響信托業(yè)務(wù)效率的因素進(jìn)行研究,對(duì)信托業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及其傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制進(jìn)行論述,依據(jù)計(jì)量模型給出的有重要意義的發(fā)現(xiàn)并結(jié)合信托業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展的外部形勢(shì),探討優(yōu)化信托業(yè)務(wù)效率的路徑。 在明確了本文的研究目的之后,本文對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究文獻(xiàn)做了梳理,對(duì)學(xué)者們?cè)诮鹑谛恃芯恐兴\(yùn)用的方法進(jìn)行了比較,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了本文的計(jì)量研究方法:基于非平衡面板數(shù)據(jù)和隨機(jī)前沿分析法(SFA)的效率測(cè)度,以及基于非平衡面板數(shù)據(jù)和多元回歸模型的因素分析。 本文的研究有以下創(chuàng)新之處:第一,研究?jī)?nèi)容的創(chuàng)新性:對(duì)信托公司的主要功能單元——信托業(yè)務(wù)單獨(dú)進(jìn)行效率水平的計(jì)量考察是一種創(chuàng)新;第二,模型構(gòu)建的創(chuàng)新性:基于隨機(jī)前沿分析法(SFA)和超越對(duì)數(shù)生產(chǎn)函數(shù)(TL),并引入體現(xiàn)信托業(yè)務(wù)特征的一些新指標(biāo)構(gòu)建效率測(cè)度模型是一種創(chuàng)新;第三,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究的創(chuàng)新性:對(duì)各類信托業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的系統(tǒng)性梳理,以及對(duì)信托業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制的研究具有創(chuàng)新性;第四,路徑優(yōu)化策略的創(chuàng)新性:基于計(jì)量結(jié)果,并結(jié)合我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速換擋期信托業(yè)務(wù)呈現(xiàn)出的新的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì),與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的提出信托業(yè)務(wù)效率優(yōu)化路徑具有創(chuàng)新性。 第二章主要闡述了本研究所依托的理論體系和測(cè)度模型。按照時(shí)間脈絡(luò)西方效率理論可劃分為古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)階段、新古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)階段以及X效率研究階段;效率的測(cè)度模型主要有非參數(shù)分析法和參數(shù)估計(jì)法兩個(gè)大類中的五個(gè)小類。通過對(duì)各種效率測(cè)度方法的比較,以及考慮到我國(guó)信托公司信托業(yè)務(wù)的特殊性,參數(shù)估計(jì)法中的隨機(jī)前沿分析法(SFA)最符合本文的研究目的。 第三章基于隨機(jī)前沿分析法(SFA)和超越對(duì)數(shù)生產(chǎn)函數(shù)(TL)構(gòu)建效率測(cè)度模型,采用2004-2013年十年的非平衡面板數(shù)據(jù),測(cè)算了各家信托公司歷年的兩種效率:信托業(yè)務(wù)收入效率和信托業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模效率。對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)收集的全面性和一些新變量的引入是本模型的優(yōu)勢(shì)所在。 接下來分別對(duì)這兩種效率的估計(jì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了深入細(xì)致的分析,從中得到了一些有重要意義的發(fā)現(xiàn):信托業(yè)務(wù)收入效率高的公司規(guī)模效率不一定高,信托業(yè)務(wù)收入效率低的公司規(guī)模效率不一定低;行業(yè)龍頭公司市場(chǎng)拓展能力強(qiáng)但獲利能力處于中游;良好的市場(chǎng)及競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境促使信托業(yè)務(wù)效率逐年改善;信托業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展順應(yīng)了宏觀及行業(yè)政策導(dǎo)向,但效率增速在放緩;信托公司間規(guī)模效率差距在縮小,但獲利能力差別很大;信托業(yè)務(wù)效率水平受信托公司所處地域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的制約;控股股東性質(zhì)對(duì)信托業(yè)務(wù)效率影響較大。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)依托于“市場(chǎng)細(xì)分理論”、“規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)效益理論”、“看不見的手”的市場(chǎng)自發(fā)調(diào)節(jié)理論、“制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論”、“比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論”、“區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)理論”、產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的“多元戰(zhàn)略主張”可以得到合理的解釋。 第四章分析影響效率的因素,從定性和定量?jī)蓚(gè)方面來考察。首先從宏觀因素、行業(yè)因素、信托公司內(nèi)部因素、區(qū)域因素四個(gè)大的方面對(duì)影響信托業(yè)務(wù)效率的諸多因素進(jìn)行了定性分析。然后基于多元回歸方法,采用2004-2013年十年的非平衡面板數(shù)據(jù)分別構(gòu)建信托業(yè)務(wù)收入效率因素分析模型和信托業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模效率因素分析模型,將第三章估算出的兩種效率值分別作為兩個(gè)模型的因變量,將信托貸款占比、集合信托占比、信托業(yè)務(wù)市場(chǎng)份額、信托業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)用率、高學(xué)歷人員占比、所在省份(直轄市)人均GDP、控股股東性質(zhì)作為自變量。數(shù)據(jù)收集和指標(biāo)選取的全面性是本模型的優(yōu)勢(shì)所在。 接下來分別對(duì)這兩種效率的因素分析模型的計(jì)量結(jié)果進(jìn)行深入細(xì)致的分析,從中得到了一些有重要意義的發(fā)現(xiàn):信托業(yè)務(wù)效率不受信托資金運(yùn)用方式影響;近年來信托業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)效益漸顯;高學(xué)歷人才對(duì)信托業(yè)務(wù)效率的貢獻(xiàn)越來越低;信托業(yè)務(wù)效率逐漸打破地方經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平局限;集合信托有助于信托業(yè)務(wù)效率提升。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)依托于博弈論中的“正和博弈理論”、“規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)效益理論”、X效率理論中關(guān)于“惰性區(qū)域”的主張、“區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)理論”、“委托代理理論”可以得到合理的解釋。 第五章論述了信托業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制。信托業(yè)務(wù)是經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的金融業(yè)態(tài),風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素必然影響到信托業(yè)務(wù)的效率,,然而由于數(shù)據(jù)的可得性以及某些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的不可計(jì)量性,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素沒有納入第四章的計(jì)量模型當(dāng)中。鑒于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素對(duì)于信托業(yè)務(wù)開展的至關(guān)重要性,第五章單獨(dú)對(duì)信托業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行了研究。首先梳理了信托業(yè)務(wù)的一般風(fēng)險(xiǎn);然后對(duì)銀信合作業(yè)務(wù)、信政合作業(yè)務(wù)、房地產(chǎn)信托業(yè)務(wù)、礦產(chǎn)信托業(yè)務(wù)、藝術(shù)品信托業(yè)務(wù)五類典型信托業(yè)務(wù)的突出風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素及防范措施分別進(jìn)行了探討?紤]到信托業(yè)務(wù)既連接著廣泛的實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì),又連接著廣泛的金融市場(chǎng),風(fēng)險(xiǎn)互相傳導(dǎo)在所難免,本文還研究了信托業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制:一是實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)向信托業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的傳導(dǎo)的機(jī)制,主要通過民間借貸危機(jī)、地方政府融資平臺(tái)債務(wù)違約、房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來輸送;二是信托業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)向系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)傳導(dǎo)的機(jī)制,主要通過影子銀行和聲譽(yù)危機(jī)輸送,以此試圖闡明風(fēng)險(xiǎn)傳導(dǎo)發(fā)生的機(jī)理,為阻斷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的擴(kuò)散提供參考。 第六章基于上面章節(jié)的研究,又充分考慮到我國(guó)信托業(yè)務(wù)在當(dāng)下和未來所受到的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境的影響,提出了在目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)增速換擋期、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整陣痛期、前期刺激政策消化期三期疊加背景下,信托業(yè)務(wù)效率的優(yōu)化路徑:在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控方面要構(gòu)筑全面細(xì)致的風(fēng)控體系;在業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展方面,保持展業(yè)方向的與時(shí)俱進(jìn),培育自主管理的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì),布局非資金財(cái)富管理市場(chǎng),搭建優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)的廣泛合作;在機(jī)構(gòu)建設(shè)方面,打造復(fù)合高效的優(yōu)質(zhì)團(tuán)隊(duì),構(gòu)建自主高端的營(yíng)銷體系。 第七章統(tǒng)攬全文對(duì)研究所得出的一些重要結(jié)論進(jìn)行了梳理,并對(duì)今后開展相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的學(xué)術(shù)研究可以基于哪些視角進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要說明。
[Abstract]:This paper attempts to build a measurement model to measure the trust business efficiency level of each trust company . After clarifying the research object of this paper , this paper reviews the relevant literatures at home and abroad , compares the methods used by scholars in the research of financial efficiency , and puts forward the measurement research methods based on the non - equilibrium panel data and the stochastic frontier analysis ( SFA ) efficiency measure , and the factors analysis based on the non - equilibrium panel data and the multiple regression model . The research of this paper has the following innovations : First , the innovation of the research content : the measurement of the efficiency level of the trust business of trust business is an innovation ; secondly , the innovation of the model building : based on the stochastic frontier analysis ( SFA ) and the transcendental log production function ( TL ) , and introduces some new index construction efficiency measure model embodying the characteristics of the trust business is an innovation ; The second chapter mainly expounds the theoretical system and measure model supported by this research institute . According to time , the western efficiency theory can be divided into five small classes in classical economics stage , neo - classical economics stage and X - efficiency research stage ; the measure model of efficiency is mainly composed of five small classes of non - parametric analysis method and parameter estimation method . In chapter 3 , the efficiency measure model is constructed based on the stochastic frontier analysis method ( SFA ) and the transcendental log production function ( TL ) , and the two efficiencies of each trust company in calendar year are calculated by using the non - equilibrium panel data of the year 2004 - 2013 : the trust business income efficiency and the trust business scale efficiency . The introduction of the data collection and the introduction of some new variables is the advantage of the model . The results of these two kinds of efficiency are analyzed in detail . It is found that the efficiency of trust business is not necessarily high , the efficiency of trust business is low , the efficiency of trust business is improved year by year , and the efficiency of trust business is limited by the level of regional economic development of trust company . Chapter three analyzes the factors influencing the efficiency of trust business from the aspects of macro - factor , industry factor , internal factor of trust company and regional factor . This paper analyzes the measurement results of these two efficiency factors , and finds out that the efficiency of trust business is not influenced by the application way of trust funds ; the economic benefit of trust business is becoming more and less in recent years ; the efficiency of trust business is gradually breaking the limitation of local economic development level ; the collection trust is helpful to the improvement of trust business efficiency . These findings are based on the proposition of " positive and game theory " , " scale economic benefit theory " and " inert region " in game theory , and " regional economic theory " and " principal agent theory " can be reasonably explained . Chapter five discusses the risk and conduction mechanism of trust business . The trust business is the financial status of the operational risk . The risk factors will inevitably affect the efficiency of the trust business . In view of the importance of the data and the non - measurement of certain risk factors , the risk factors are not included in the measurement model of the fourth chapter . The sixth chapter , based on the study of the above chapter , takes fully into account the influence of the current and future macroeconomic environment of the trust business of our country , and puts forward the optimized path for the efficiency of trust business under the background of current economic growth shift , industrial structure adjustment , and pre - stimulus policy digestion period . Chapter 7 reviews some of the important conclusions drawn from the Institute , and gives a brief description of the perspective of academic research in the future .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:F832.49
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