基于協(xié)同學(xué)理論的中歐（亞）班列貨運組織優(yōu)化研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-16 19:43
【摘要】：中歐(亞)班列貨運組織面臨著貨源不足、運輸成本高、補貼壓力大以及同質(zhì)化競爭激烈等諸多問題。以上問題的出現(xiàn)是由眾多相互聯(lián)系、相互影響的因素導(dǎo)致的,單靠一家班列運營方通過降低運價、貨運補貼等優(yōu)惠手段短時間內(nèi)難以解決,需要各班列相互協(xié)同合作才能促進班列穩(wěn)定長效運營。查閱相關(guān)研究文獻或方針文件發(fā)現(xiàn),以往所提出的措施、政策等協(xié)作建議或不全面或缺乏具體任務(wù)實施安排。鑒于此,從協(xié)同學(xué)的角度去分析眾多班列間的競合與協(xié)同效能、探索班列貨運協(xié)同組織優(yōu)化模式是十分必要的。文章首先探究概述了國際班列貨運組織的內(nèi)涵,從貨源貨流、車流、列流以及出入境組織四個方面入手對中歐(亞)班列貨運組織現(xiàn)狀進行了梳理分析,得到了班列貨運組織現(xiàn)存的問題和發(fā)展趨勢。并從系統(tǒng)學(xué)角度將班列貨運組織研究劃分為宏觀、中觀和微觀三個層面的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)合班列運營現(xiàn)狀和現(xiàn)實需求把研究范圍界定為中歐(亞)班列運營中觀競合系統(tǒng)。然后,基于協(xié)同學(xué)理論并結(jié)合中歐(亞)班列貨運組織實際狀況,從協(xié)同特征、協(xié)同動因及協(xié)同要素三個方面剖析了中歐(亞)班列貨運組織的協(xié)同特性,得出中歐(亞)班列貨運組織的四個協(xié)同特征、兩類協(xié)同動因、八大協(xié)同模塊以及29個協(xié)同要素。接著,運用解釋結(jié)構(gòu)模型方法得出班列協(xié)同發(fā)展過程中的序參量—班列貨運量和班列市場需求量,并借助絕熱消去原理推導(dǎo)出了班列間的協(xié)同學(xué)模型。通過非線性微分方程組穩(wěn)定性證明、平衡點求解,探討得出中歐(亞)班列貨運組織存在:協(xié)同關(guān)系越強,相互影響越大;合作是雙贏的,競爭是雙損的;協(xié)同關(guān)系不同,市場規(guī)模變化情況各異等演化機制。最后,基于協(xié)同學(xué)這一研究視角,結(jié)合班列運行實際,從貨源貨流組織、車流組織、列流組織以及出入境組織四個方面,給出了中歐(亞)班列貨運組織的優(yōu)化策略、方案、構(gòu)想以及措施。其中,根據(jù)現(xiàn)階段班列多采用直達運輸?shù)膶嶋H狀況,構(gòu)建了一個班列車流協(xié)同組織的多目標非線性優(yōu)化模型,利用混合遺傳算法進行求解,探討得出了通過協(xié)調(diào)車流組織開行直達班列的優(yōu)化方案,數(shù)值仿真證明方案能夠有效降低班列貨運成本并提高班列滿載率。該研究既可以為中歐(亞)班列經(jīng)營企業(yè)單位改善和提升通道服務(wù)水平提供方法和著力點,同時也能為班列發(fā)展政策制定和制度設(shè)計部門提供參考。
[Abstract]:China-Europe (Asia) Freight Transport Organization faces many problems, such as shortage of goods, high transportation cost, heavy subsidy pressure and intense competition for homogenization and so on. The emergence of the above problems is caused by a number of interrelated and mutually affecting factors, and it is difficult to solve these problems in a short period of time by reducing freight rates, freight subsidies and other concessionary means such as reducing freight rates and freight subsidies by a single train operator. We need to cooperate with each other in order to promote the stable and long-term operation of the train. Referring to relevant research documents or policy documents, it is found that previous measures, policies and other collaborative recommendations are incomplete or lack of specific mission implementation arrangements. In view of this, it is very necessary to analyze the competing and cooperative efficiency of many classes from the angle of synergetic, and to explore the optimal mode of cooperative organization of freight transportation. The article first explores and summarizes the connotation of the international freight transport organization, and analyzes the current situation of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from four aspects: cargo flow, traffic flow, train flow and entry-exit organization, and analyzes the current situation of China-Europe (Asia) Freight Transport Organization in China, Europe and Asia. The existing problems and development trends of freight transport organization are obtained. From the point of view of systematics, the research of freight train organization is divided into three levels: macro, meso and micro, and the scope of the research is defined as the Central Europe (Asia) train operation medium view competition system, combining with the current situation and practical needs of the train operation. Then, based on the synergetic theory and combined with the actual situation of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia), this paper analyzes the synergetic characteristics of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from three aspects: the synergetic characteristics, the synergetic motivation and the synergetic elements. Four synergetic features, two types of synergetic motivations, eight collaborative modules and twenty-nine synergetic elements of CEE (Asian) Freight Transport Organization are obtained. Then, using the method of interpretive structure model, the order parameter, freight volume and market demand, are obtained, and the synergetic model is deduced with the help of adiabatic elimination principle. By proving the stability of the nonlinear differential equations and solving the equilibrium point, it is concluded that the stronger the cooperative relationship is, the greater the influence of each other, the win-win cooperation and the double loss of competition, the stronger the cooperative relationship is, the greater the influence of each other. Synergetic relationship is different, the change of market scale is different and the evolution mechanism is different. Finally, based on the perspective of Synergetics and combined with the actual operation of the train, this paper presents the optimization strategy and scheme of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from four aspects: the organization of cargo flow, the organization of traffic flow, the organization of train flow and the organization of entry and exit. Ideas and measures. In this paper, according to the actual situation of direct transportation, a multi-objective nonlinear optimization model of train flow cooperative organization is constructed and solved by hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA). This paper discusses the optimization scheme of direct train by coordinating traffic flow. The numerical simulation proves that the scheme can effectively reduce the freight cost and improve the full load rate of the train. This study can not only provide methods and focal points for the enterprises in Central Europe (Asia) to improve and upgrade the level of channel service, but also provide reference for the departments of policy-making and system design of train development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F532.4
[Abstract]:China-Europe (Asia) Freight Transport Organization faces many problems, such as shortage of goods, high transportation cost, heavy subsidy pressure and intense competition for homogenization and so on. The emergence of the above problems is caused by a number of interrelated and mutually affecting factors, and it is difficult to solve these problems in a short period of time by reducing freight rates, freight subsidies and other concessionary means such as reducing freight rates and freight subsidies by a single train operator. We need to cooperate with each other in order to promote the stable and long-term operation of the train. Referring to relevant research documents or policy documents, it is found that previous measures, policies and other collaborative recommendations are incomplete or lack of specific mission implementation arrangements. In view of this, it is very necessary to analyze the competing and cooperative efficiency of many classes from the angle of synergetic, and to explore the optimal mode of cooperative organization of freight transportation. The article first explores and summarizes the connotation of the international freight transport organization, and analyzes the current situation of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from four aspects: cargo flow, traffic flow, train flow and entry-exit organization, and analyzes the current situation of China-Europe (Asia) Freight Transport Organization in China, Europe and Asia. The existing problems and development trends of freight transport organization are obtained. From the point of view of systematics, the research of freight train organization is divided into three levels: macro, meso and micro, and the scope of the research is defined as the Central Europe (Asia) train operation medium view competition system, combining with the current situation and practical needs of the train operation. Then, based on the synergetic theory and combined with the actual situation of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia), this paper analyzes the synergetic characteristics of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from three aspects: the synergetic characteristics, the synergetic motivation and the synergetic elements. Four synergetic features, two types of synergetic motivations, eight collaborative modules and twenty-nine synergetic elements of CEE (Asian) Freight Transport Organization are obtained. Then, using the method of interpretive structure model, the order parameter, freight volume and market demand, are obtained, and the synergetic model is deduced with the help of adiabatic elimination principle. By proving the stability of the nonlinear differential equations and solving the equilibrium point, it is concluded that the stronger the cooperative relationship is, the greater the influence of each other, the win-win cooperation and the double loss of competition, the stronger the cooperative relationship is, the greater the influence of each other. Synergetic relationship is different, the change of market scale is different and the evolution mechanism is different. Finally, based on the perspective of Synergetics and combined with the actual operation of the train, this paper presents the optimization strategy and scheme of the freight transportation organization in Central Europe (Asia) from four aspects: the organization of cargo flow, the organization of traffic flow, the organization of train flow and the organization of entry and exit. Ideas and measures. In this paper, according to the actual situation of direct transportation, a multi-objective nonlinear optimization model of train flow cooperative organization is constructed and solved by hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA). This paper discusses the optimization scheme of direct train by coordinating traffic flow. The numerical simulation proves that the scheme can effectively reduce the freight cost and improve the full load rate of the train. This study can not only provide methods and focal points for the enterprises in Central Europe (Asia) to improve and upgrade the level of channel service, but also provide reference for the departments of policy-making and system design of train development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F532.4
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