【摘要】：道路交通客運(yùn)作為一個為旅客提供服務(wù)的產(chǎn)業(yè),是一個特殊的物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)部門,與工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)相比,除具有一般共同特點(diǎn)外,還有自己的特點(diǎn),表現(xiàn)在：其產(chǎn)品只有通過位移才有可能成為商品,在產(chǎn)品的位移過程中,運(yùn)輸消耗了大量的人力和物力；道路交通客運(yùn)投資大,建設(shè)周期長,往往具有公共設(shè)施的性質(zhì),對國家經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展有較大影響；道路客運(yùn)行業(yè)具有自身高危、高風(fēng)險,點(diǎn)多面廣戰(zhàn)線長的特性,導(dǎo)致企業(yè)安全監(jiān)管工作困難等。 產(chǎn)權(quán)明晰是建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度,提升企業(yè)績效的關(guān)鍵。道路交通客運(yùn)企業(yè)效率不高的原因,很大程度上在于車輛、班線經(jīng)營等產(chǎn)權(quán)不明晰。由于歷史原因和資金限制等因素,我國道路交通客運(yùn)企業(yè)中掛靠車輛在運(yùn)營車輛中占很大比重。掛靠經(jīng)營模式在一定程度上是行業(yè)安全事故頻發(fā)、道路運(yùn)輸市場混亂的誘因。車輛產(chǎn)權(quán)改革涉及道路交通客運(yùn)企業(yè)和車主的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,關(guān)系到乘客接受客運(yùn)服務(wù)的質(zhì)量和水平,意義十分重大。因而,道路交通客運(yùn)企業(yè)的改革應(yīng)當(dāng)以明晰產(chǎn)權(quán)為中心,通過產(chǎn)權(quán)改革提高資源利用率,進(jìn)而提高企業(yè)效率,建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度。 通過對相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的查閱發(fā)現(xiàn),國內(nèi)學(xué)者對客運(yùn)企業(yè)車輛產(chǎn)權(quán)研究的文獻(xiàn)更多的是經(jīng)驗總結(jié)和政策建議,缺乏理論和實證分析；而由于體制不同等原因,國外道路交通客運(yùn)企業(yè)似乎沒有出現(xiàn)車輛、班線經(jīng)營等產(chǎn)權(quán)問題,目前沒有此方向的國外研究文獻(xiàn)。 本文基于導(dǎo)師的研究項目“道路交通客運(yùn)企業(yè)現(xiàn)代管理體系及創(chuàng)新機(jī)制建設(shè)研究”——昭交集團(tuán)產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革子課題,構(gòu)建昭交集團(tuán)產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化方案。本文以產(chǎn)權(quán)相關(guān)理論為基礎(chǔ),分析道路交通客運(yùn)企業(yè)涉及的相關(guān)產(chǎn)權(quán)和產(chǎn)權(quán)博弈現(xiàn)象,著重分析客運(yùn)企業(yè)亟待改革的車輛產(chǎn)權(quán)問題及車輛產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革可能面臨的障礙；利用博弈理論分析車輛產(chǎn)權(quán)改革涉及的相關(guān)行為主體及其利益取向,分別構(gòu)建博弈方具有完全理性假設(shè)條件下的完全信息動態(tài)博弈模型和博弈方具有有限理性假設(shè)條件下的演化博弈模型；在案例分析中根據(jù)昭交集團(tuán)車輛產(chǎn)權(quán)的實際情況估算演化博弈模型中涉及的相關(guān)參數(shù),得出產(chǎn)權(quán)改革方案中客運(yùn)企業(yè)與車主的利益分配比例范圍。據(jù)此,設(shè)計符合昭交集團(tuán)實際的車輛產(chǎn)權(quán)改革方案,包括：融資提成方案、產(chǎn)權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)移方案、八年過渡期滿解除掛靠方案,希望為其他客運(yùn)企業(yè)的車輛產(chǎn)權(quán)改革提供有益借鑒。
[Abstract]:Road traffic passenger transport, as an industry providing services to passengers, is a special material production department. Compared with industry and agriculture, it has its own characteristics in addition to the common characteristics. Its product can be a commodity only through displacement, in the process of product displacement, transportation consumes a lot of manpower and material resources; The road traffic passenger transportation investment is big, the construction cycle is long, often has the public facility nature, has the great influence to the national economic and social development; Road passenger transport industry has its own high-risk, multi-faceted and long-term characteristics, leading to the difficult work of safety supervision of enterprises and so on. Clear property right is the key to establish modern enterprise system and improve enterprise performance. The reason for the low efficiency of road traffic passenger transport enterprises lies in the unclear property rights such as vehicle, line operation and so on. Due to historical reasons and capital constraints, the hanging vehicles in our country's road traffic passenger transport enterprises account for a large proportion in the operation of the vehicles. Depend on the business model to a certain extent is the industry safety accidents occur frequently, road transportation market chaos inducement. The reform of vehicle property rights involves the economic interests of road traffic passenger transport enterprises and vehicle owners, and it is of great significance to the quality and level of passenger service accepted by passengers. Therefore, the reform of road traffic passenger transport enterprises should focus on clarifying the property rights, improve the utilization rate of resources through the reform of property rights, and then improve the efficiency of enterprises and establish the modern enterprise system. Through the review of the relevant literature, it is found that the domestic scholars' research literature on vehicle property rights of passenger transport enterprises is more empirical summary and policy recommendations, lack of theoretical and empirical analysis; However, due to different systems, there seems to be no property rights problems in foreign road traffic passenger transport enterprises, such as vehicle, line operation, etc. At present, there is no foreign research literature in this direction. Based on the tutor's research project "Research on the Construction of Modern Management system and Innovation Mechanism of Road Traffic passenger Transport Enterprises"-the sub-topic of property right system reform of Zhaojiao Group, this paper constructs the optimization scheme of the property right structure of Zhaojiao Group. Based on the theory of property rights, this paper analyzes the related property rights and property rights game phenomena involved in road traffic passenger transport enterprises, and emphatically analyzes the problems of vehicle property rights which need to be reformed in passenger transport enterprises and the obstacles that the reform of vehicle property rights system may face. The game theory is used to analyze the related actors involved in the reform of vehicle property rights and their interest orientation. The dynamic game model of complete information under the assumption of complete rationality and the evolutionary game model of game party with finite rationality are constructed respectively. According to the actual situation of Zhaojiao Group's vehicle property right, the relevant parameters involved in the evolutionary game model are estimated in the case analysis, and the range of benefit distribution ratio between passenger transport enterprise and owner in the property right reform scheme is obtained. According to this, the paper designs the vehicle property right reform plan which accords with the actual situation of Zhaojiao Group, including: the financing profit scheme, the property right transfer scheme, the eight-year transition period, and the unattached scheme, hoping to provide useful reference for the vehicle property right reform of other passenger transport enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F512.6

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