完善揚(yáng)州市公交票價(jià)管理機(jī)制研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-20 17:55
【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)新型城鎮(zhèn)化戰(zhàn)略穩(wěn)步推進(jìn),城市區(qū)域擴(kuò)展步伐加快,公眾出行需求方式和需求結(jié)構(gòu)也發(fā)生了較大變化。公眾對(duì)公共交通出行的個(gè)性化需求日益增長(zhǎng),傳統(tǒng)城市公共交通市場(chǎng)也進(jìn)一步細(xì)分,出現(xiàn)了商務(wù)快線、定制公交、通勤班車(chē)等各具特色的新型公共交通出行方式。在公交出行方式發(fā)生巨變的同時(shí),現(xiàn)代城市交通所面臨的壓力也在不斷加大,主要表現(xiàn)在交通擁堵現(xiàn)象日益嚴(yán)峻。形勢(shì)的發(fā)展變化,對(duì)公共交通行業(yè)管理和價(jià)格監(jiān)管提出了全新挑戰(zhàn)。2012年,國(guó)務(wù)院根據(jù)快速發(fā)展變化的交通形勢(shì),出臺(tái)了《關(guān)于城市優(yōu)先發(fā)展公共交通的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》(國(guó)發(fā)[2012]64號(hào)),要求將公共交通發(fā)展放在城市交通發(fā)展的首要位置,著力提升城市公共交通保障水平。2014年7月,省政府出臺(tái)《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步落實(shí)城市公共交通優(yōu)先發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施意見(jiàn)》(蘇政發(fā)[2014)80號(hào)),明確提出“建立科學(xué)合理的票價(jià)票制體系”。論文以揚(yáng)州市現(xiàn)行的公交票價(jià)政策為研究對(duì)象,借助于能夠收集并整理的文獻(xiàn)資料,應(yīng)用準(zhǔn)公共物品定價(jià)的理論依據(jù)、國(guó)內(nèi)外城市公交票價(jià)定價(jià)模式、公益性票價(jià)理論對(duì)揚(yáng)州市現(xiàn)行公交票價(jià)管理機(jī)制中存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究分析,并針對(duì)造成揚(yáng)州市現(xiàn)行票價(jià)管理機(jī)制中存在的公交企業(yè)虧損嚴(yán)重,群眾投訴較多,財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼不到位等問(wèn)題的影響因素進(jìn)行研究分析。最后,本文針對(duì)揚(yáng)州市現(xiàn)行票價(jià)機(jī)制中存在的問(wèn)題提出了票價(jià)改革的思路和方法,即健全管理機(jī)制,科學(xué)核定票價(jià),在堅(jiān)持一票制、低票價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)公眾不同的交通出行需求,在充分考慮公交企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)成本的基礎(chǔ)上,在消費(fèi)者經(jīng)濟(jì)能夠承受的范圍內(nèi)核定城市公共交通票價(jià)。建立公交公益性票價(jià)制定與實(shí)施的保障機(jī)制,以“財(cái)政兜底”為保障,健全財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼機(jī)制,對(duì)于政策性虧損,并給予適當(dāng)補(bǔ)貼,同時(shí)本文還提出了建立公交補(bǔ)貼機(jī)制的效益評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,充分調(diào)動(dòng)企業(yè)管理者和員工的積極性,利用政策優(yōu)惠引導(dǎo)社會(huì)資金在公共交通事業(yè)中發(fā)揮重要作用,充分利用公交基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施用地綜合開(kāi)發(fā)的政策、公交廣告租賃資源,通過(guò)市場(chǎng)化運(yùn)作拓寬經(jīng)營(yíng)渠道,提高企業(yè)自身造血功能提升公交服務(wù)水平,并通過(guò)出行滿意度調(diào)查不斷提升公交服務(wù)水平,讓公交出行成為公眾的首選出行方式。
[Abstract]:With the steady progress of the new urbanization strategy in China, the expansion of urban areas has been accelerated, and the public travel demand mode and demand structure have also changed greatly. The demand of the public for public transport travel is increasing day by day, and the traditional urban public transport market is also further subdivided. There are new types of public transport travel modes with their own characteristics, such as business fast line, customized public transportation, commuter bus and so on. At the same time, the pressure of modern urban traffic is also increasing, which is mainly reflected in the increasingly severe traffic congestion. The development and changes of the situation pose a new challenge to the management of the public transport industry and the regulation of prices. In 2012, according to the rapid development of the traffic situation, Issued the guiding opinion on the priority Development of Public Transport in cities (Guofa [2012] 64), which requires that public transport development should be placed at the top of the urban traffic development and that efforts should be made to improve the level of urban public transport security. The provincial government has issued "opinions on the implementation of the priority Development Strategy of Urban Public Transport" (Su Zhengfa [2014] 80), and put forward clearly "establishing a scientific and reasonable ticket system". This paper takes the current public transport fare policy of Yangzhou as the research object, with the help of the literature which can be collected and collated, applies the theoretical basis of quasi-public goods pricing, and the domestic and foreign city bus fare pricing model. The public welfare ticket price theory studies and analyzes the existing problems in Yangzhou's current bus fare management mechanism, and aiming at the serious losses of public transport enterprises existing in Yangzhou's current fare management mechanism, the masses complain more. Financial subsidies are not in place and other factors affecting the study and analysis. Finally, aiming at the problems existing in the current fare mechanism of Yangzhou City, this paper puts forward the ideas and methods of fare reform, that is, perfecting the management mechanism, scientifically verifying the ticket price, on the basis of adhering to the one-vote system and the low ticket price. In view of the different public transportation demand, considering the production and operation cost of public transport enterprises, the city public transport ticket price can be determined within the range of consumer economy. To establish a guarantee mechanism for the formulation and implementation of public transport fares, take the "financial bottom" as the guarantee, improve the financial subsidy mechanism, and give appropriate subsidies to policy losses, At the same time, this paper also puts forward the benefit evaluation index system of establishing the public transport subsidy mechanism, fully arousing the enthusiasm of enterprise managers and employees, and using preferential policies to guide social funds to play an important role in public transportation. Make full use of the policy of comprehensive development of public transport infrastructure land, rent the resources of public transport advertisement, widen the management channels through the market-oriented operation, improve the enterprise's own hematopoiesis function and enhance the level of public transport service. And through the travel satisfaction survey to continuously improve the level of public transport services, so that bus travel becomes the first choice for the public travel mode.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F572.5
本文編號(hào)：2412252
[Abstract]:With the steady progress of the new urbanization strategy in China, the expansion of urban areas has been accelerated, and the public travel demand mode and demand structure have also changed greatly. The demand of the public for public transport travel is increasing day by day, and the traditional urban public transport market is also further subdivided. There are new types of public transport travel modes with their own characteristics, such as business fast line, customized public transportation, commuter bus and so on. At the same time, the pressure of modern urban traffic is also increasing, which is mainly reflected in the increasingly severe traffic congestion. The development and changes of the situation pose a new challenge to the management of the public transport industry and the regulation of prices. In 2012, according to the rapid development of the traffic situation, Issued the guiding opinion on the priority Development of Public Transport in cities (Guofa [2012] 64), which requires that public transport development should be placed at the top of the urban traffic development and that efforts should be made to improve the level of urban public transport security. The provincial government has issued "opinions on the implementation of the priority Development Strategy of Urban Public Transport" (Su Zhengfa [2014] 80), and put forward clearly "establishing a scientific and reasonable ticket system". This paper takes the current public transport fare policy of Yangzhou as the research object, with the help of the literature which can be collected and collated, applies the theoretical basis of quasi-public goods pricing, and the domestic and foreign city bus fare pricing model. The public welfare ticket price theory studies and analyzes the existing problems in Yangzhou's current bus fare management mechanism, and aiming at the serious losses of public transport enterprises existing in Yangzhou's current fare management mechanism, the masses complain more. Financial subsidies are not in place and other factors affecting the study and analysis. Finally, aiming at the problems existing in the current fare mechanism of Yangzhou City, this paper puts forward the ideas and methods of fare reform, that is, perfecting the management mechanism, scientifically verifying the ticket price, on the basis of adhering to the one-vote system and the low ticket price. In view of the different public transportation demand, considering the production and operation cost of public transport enterprises, the city public transport ticket price can be determined within the range of consumer economy. To establish a guarantee mechanism for the formulation and implementation of public transport fares, take the "financial bottom" as the guarantee, improve the financial subsidy mechanism, and give appropriate subsidies to policy losses, At the same time, this paper also puts forward the benefit evaluation index system of establishing the public transport subsidy mechanism, fully arousing the enthusiasm of enterprise managers and employees, and using preferential policies to guide social funds to play an important role in public transportation. Make full use of the policy of comprehensive development of public transport infrastructure land, rent the resources of public transport advertisement, widen the management channels through the market-oriented operation, improve the enterprise's own hematopoiesis function and enhance the level of public transport service. And through the travel satisfaction survey to continuously improve the level of public transport services, so that bus travel becomes the first choice for the public travel mode.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F572.5
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