【摘要】：城市公共交通作為城市發(fā)展的重要載體和基礎(chǔ)，它的良性發(fā)展直接影響著城市公共服務(wù)系統(tǒng)的高效運作水平。“公交優(yōu)先”是國家提出的城市公共交通良性發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略，其中的財政優(yōu)先是“公交優(yōu)先”的重要保障。研究財政優(yōu)先中的公交成本規(guī)制，，優(yōu)化現(xiàn)行成本規(guī)制測算方法，對緩解城市道路交通矛盾、提升居民生活水平、落實“公交優(yōu)先”國家戰(zhàn)略具有重要的意義。 本文在對研究領(lǐng)域相關(guān)的概念、理論回顧、梳理的基礎(chǔ)上，重點分析了成本規(guī)制的實行原則及公交企業(yè)與政府之間的博弈關(guān)系，然后對深圳市推行的城市公共交通成本規(guī)制的優(yōu)缺點進行了研究，提出了以用核心利潤率測算補貼、建立成本節(jié)約激勵機制為核心的城市公共交通成本規(guī)制測方法優(yōu)化方案。并進一步參照調(diào)研得到的南昌市公交總公司三分公司近三年的財務(wù)報表，進行了公交企業(yè)各項成本的測算，并對改進前后的公交成本規(guī)制方法進行了較為詳實的數(shù)理分析。最后從政府與公交企業(yè)的角度，分析了改進前后公交成本規(guī)制測算結(jié)果對自身的影響，對本文提出的改進后成本規(guī)制測算方法的可行性進行了佐證。 本文研究認為，公交企業(yè)與政府之間的博弈關(guān)系決定了實施城市公共交通成本規(guī)制在理論和實踐上是必要的，而且成本規(guī)制的補貼數(shù)額更是會影響公交企業(yè)提升服務(wù)質(zhì)量的積極性。因此本文從深圳市推行的成本規(guī)制測算方法入手，結(jié)合推行后的實踐效果，綜合考慮提升公交企業(yè)降低成本積極性與成本規(guī)制測算科學(xué)性，形成了新的城市公共交通成本規(guī)制測算方法，并進行了實例驗證。
[Abstract]:As an important carrier and foundation of urban development, urban public transport has a direct impact on the efficient operation of urban public service system. "Public transport priority" is an important strategy for the benign development of urban public transport put forward by the country, and the financial priority is an important guarantee of "public transport priority". It is of great significance to study the public transport cost regulation in the financial priority and optimize the calculation method of the current cost regulation for alleviating the contradiction of urban road traffic, improving the living standard of the residents and implementing the national strategy of "public transport priority". On the basis of reviewing and combing the related concepts, theories and theories in the field of research, this paper focuses on the implementation principle of cost regulation and the game relationship between the public transport enterprises and the government. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of urban public transport cost regulation in Shenzhen are studied, and the optimization scheme of urban public transport cost regulation measurement method is put forward, which takes the core profit margin as the core to calculate subsidies and establish a cost-saving incentive mechanism for urban public transport cost regulation. With reference to the financial statements of the three branches of Nanchang Public Transportation Corporation in the past three years, the cost of public transport enterprises is calculated, and the methods of regulating the cost of public transportation before and after improvement are analyzed in detail. Finally, from the angle of government and public transport enterprises, this paper analyzes the effect of the result of public transport cost regulation before and after the improvement, and proves the feasibility of the improved cost regulation calculation method put forward in this paper. This paper argues that the game relationship between the public transport enterprises and the government determines that the implementation of urban public transport cost regulation is necessary in theory and practice. Moreover, the subsidy amount of cost regulation will affect the enthusiasm of public transport enterprises to improve service quality. Therefore, this paper starts with the cost regulation calculation method carried out in Shenzhen, combined with the practical effect of the implementation, and comprehensively considers how to improve the enthusiasm of public transport enterprises to reduce the cost and the scientific calculation of the cost regulation. A new calculation method of urban public transport cost regulation is formed, and an example is given to verify it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F572;F275.3

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