【摘要】：金融危機爆發(fā)以來,集裝箱班輪運輸行業(yè)面臨著極為漫長的效益低迷時期,班輪公司大多采取減少空箱持有數(shù)量、退租空箱等策略以求節(jié)約成本。但當經(jīng)濟形勢有所好轉(zhuǎn)時,閑置運力投入過快,用箱需求激增,空箱保有量不足,長久以來困擾集裝箱運輸行業(yè)的難題——空箱流轉(zhuǎn)問題愈加凸顯。 基于如上背景,本文擬采用庫存理論相關概念,從空箱在途庫存角度深入研究和探討空箱流轉(zhuǎn)問題,正視空箱在途運輸過程中所占用資金的時間、風險等隱性成本,以成本控制為目標,充分分析班輪公司在當前嚴峻時期該如何謀求長遠發(fā)展。 首先,分析空箱流轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生原因,描繪具體運作流程,總結(jié)其特點、目標要素、管理現(xiàn)狀及問題所在;其次,創(chuàng)新性地提出空箱在途庫存成本相關概念,闡述成本構成,推導相關公式,分析影響因素及控制方法;最后,分別構建空箱供需確定和隨機條件下的海運空箱在途庫存整數(shù)規(guī)劃模型,并進一步擴大研究范圍至多式聯(lián)運系統(tǒng),以成本最小化為優(yōu)化目標,結(jié)合動態(tài)規(guī)劃思想,以Lingo11.0和Matlab軟件作為求解工具,分別得到最優(yōu)空箱調(diào)度方案和租箱方案。本文引入空箱在途庫存成本理念,不僅在理論上可填補現(xiàn)有研究的空白,并且在現(xiàn)實中有助于班輪公司切實提高空箱流轉(zhuǎn)水平。
[Abstract]:Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, the container liner shipping industry is facing a very long period of low efficiency. Most liner companies adopt the strategies of reducing the number of empty containers and withdrawing empty containers in order to save costs. But when the economy is improving, idle capacity is being invested too fast, demand for containers has soared, and empty containers are not enough, the problem of empty container flow, which has long plagued the container industry, has become increasingly prominent. Based on the above background, this paper intends to adopt the related concept of inventory theory to study and discuss the problem of empty container flow from the perspective of empty container inventory, and to face up to the hidden cost of the time and risk of empty container transportation in the process of transportation. Taking cost control as the goal, this paper fully analyzes how the liner company should seek long-term development in the severe period. First of all, analyze the causes of empty box flow, describe the specific operation process, summarize its characteristics, target elements, management status and problems; Secondly, it puts forward the concept of inventory cost of empty box in transit innovatively, explains the cost structure, deduces the relevant formula, analyzes the influence factors and control methods. Finally, the integer programming model of empty container inventory in transit under the condition of empty container supply and demand determination and stochastic condition is constructed, and the research scope is further expanded to multimodal transport system. The optimization goal is to minimize the cost and combine with the idea of dynamic programming. The optimal empty box scheduling scheme and the lease box scheme are obtained by using Lingo11.0 and Matlab software. In this paper, the concept of empty container inventory cost is introduced, which can not only fill in the existing research gap in theory, but also help the liner company to improve the empty container flow level in practice.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：U695.22

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 王梅;基于在途庫存成本的班輪公司集裝箱空箱調(diào)運研究[D];大連海事大學;2012年

，

本文編號：2385266