集裝箱碼頭翻箱問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-29 09:19
【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟全球化和國際貿(mào)易的不斷深化，，近年來港口物流的發(fā)展非常迅猛，集裝箱已成為港口物流的主要載體。伴隨著集裝箱運輸?shù)某掷m(xù)增長，越來越多的集裝箱堆放在碼頭，堆場物流越來越被重視。堆場翻箱率是影響港口服務質(zhì)量的重要指標，翻箱率的高低不僅影響著碼頭裝卸效率，也增加了碼頭運營成本。目前，我國大多數(shù)集裝箱碼頭面臨著翻箱率偏高的問題，緩解翻箱問題已成為集裝箱碼頭經(jīng)營管理的頭等大事。 集裝箱碼頭系統(tǒng)是一個典型的離散事件系統(tǒng)，首先，本文采用離散事件系統(tǒng)與排隊系統(tǒng)理論，結(jié)合集裝箱碼頭的作業(yè)流程，分析集裝箱碼頭內(nèi)部的各類排隊系統(tǒng)。運用Flexsim仿真軟件構(gòu)建了集裝箱碼頭集疏運系統(tǒng)仿真模型，以一個隨機、動態(tài)的方式來描述整個集裝箱碼頭裝卸系統(tǒng)的運作過程，實現(xiàn)翻箱動作的可視化，為研究減低翻箱率的堆存策略做好建模鋪墊。 然后，本文對集裝箱碼頭堆場翻箱問題進行探討，介紹了翻箱的分類，從港口堆場、船公司及其代理、貨主等方面分析了翻箱的原因，進而從流程優(yōu)化的角度提出了降低集裝箱碼頭堆場翻箱率的優(yōu)化原則，并分別針對裝船翻箱和提箱翻箱兩類翻箱問題提供解決對策，主要從獲取、利用集裝箱信息為進場集裝箱安排箱位的角度，從源頭處降低翻箱。由此引出進出口箱的堆存策略的研究。 最后，本文以降低翻箱率為目的，運用仿真建模的方法分別研究了隨機集港的出口箱堆存策略和隨機疏港的進口箱堆存策略。對于出口箱，分析現(xiàn)有的出口箱堆存策略的基礎(chǔ)上，以平面箱位為分配單元提出和設計了出口箱改進型堆存策略，經(jīng)仿真建模與實例分析，證實了該策略在堆場利用率較高情況下能有效降低翻箱率；對于進口箱，根據(jù)堆場資源的寬裕緊張情況，分單艘船與多艘船的集裝箱堆放問題進行分析：針對單艘船的集裝箱堆放問題，利用預約提箱時間段的信息提出和設計了預約堆存策略，運用單艘船卸船、提柜仿真模型進行實例分析，驗證預約堆存策略可有效緩解堆場利用率和翻箱率的矛盾；針對多艘船的堆放問題，構(gòu)建了多艘船卸船、提柜仿真模型分析兩階段堆存策略中的策略S1、S2、S3，并通過實例結(jié)合船舶進港時間和集裝箱停留時間等具體情況詳細介紹了運用仿真模型對比三種策略優(yōu)劣的過程，為碼頭借助仿真手段選擇合適策略提供參考。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic globalization and international trade, port logistics has developed rapidly in recent years. Container has become the main carrier of port logistics. With the continuous growth of container transportation, more and more containers are stacked in the dock, and more attention is paid to the yard logistics. The turnover rate of the yard is an important index affecting the service quality of the port. The turnover rate not only affects the loading and unloading efficiency of the wharf, but also increases the terminal operating cost. At present, most container terminals in China are faced with the problem of high turnover rate, which has become the top priority of container terminal management. Container terminal system is a typical discrete event system. Firstly, this paper uses the theory of discrete event system and queuing system, combined with the operation flow of container terminal, to analyze all kinds of queuing system inside container terminal. The simulation model of container terminal collecting and distributing system is constructed by using Flexsim simulation software, which describes the operation process of the whole container terminal loading and unloading system in a random and dynamic way, and realizes the visualization of the operation of turning over the container. For the study of the storage strategy to reduce the turnover rate to do a good modeling. Then, the paper discusses the problem of turning over the container yard in container terminal, introduces the classification of the turnover box, analyzes the reasons of turning over the container from the port yard, the shipping company and its agent, the owner of the container, and so on. From the point of view of process optimization, the paper puts forward the optimization principle of reducing the turnover rate of container terminal yard, and respectively provides solutions to the two types of turning over problems, namely, loading and turning over containers, mainly from the point of view of obtaining, From the point of view of arranging container space for incoming container with container information, the turnover of container is reduced from the source. This leads to the study of the storage strategy of import and export boxes. Finally, in order to reduce the turnover rate, the method of simulation modeling is used to study the storage strategy of the exit container with random collecting port and the strategy of storing the imported container with random open port. For export boxes, based on the analysis of the existing storage strategies of export boxes, an improved storage strategy for export boxes is proposed and designed, which is based on the flat box location, and is simulated and analyzed by an example. It is proved that the strategy can effectively reduce the turnover rate in the case of high utilization of the yard. For import containers, according to the shortage of resources in the yard, the container stacking problem of single ship and multiple ships is analyzed: in view of the container stacking problem of single ship, The paper puts forward and designs the reserve storage strategy by using the information of the time period of the reserved suitcase, and analyzes the case by using the simulation model of single ship to unload the ship and lift the cabinet, and verifies that the reserve storage strategy can effectively alleviate the contradiction between the utilization ratio of the yard and the rate of turnover. Aiming at the stacking problem of multiple ships, the paper constructs a number of ships to unload ships, and analyzes the strategy S1 and S2 / S3 of the two stage stacking strategy by means of the simulation model of container lifting. The process of comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the three strategies with the simulation model is introduced in detail, which provides a reference for the wharf to choose the appropriate strategy by means of simulation.
【學位授予單位】：華南理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：U695.22
本文編號：2297280
[Abstract]:With the development of economic globalization and international trade, port logistics has developed rapidly in recent years. Container has become the main carrier of port logistics. With the continuous growth of container transportation, more and more containers are stacked in the dock, and more attention is paid to the yard logistics. The turnover rate of the yard is an important index affecting the service quality of the port. The turnover rate not only affects the loading and unloading efficiency of the wharf, but also increases the terminal operating cost. At present, most container terminals in China are faced with the problem of high turnover rate, which has become the top priority of container terminal management. Container terminal system is a typical discrete event system. Firstly, this paper uses the theory of discrete event system and queuing system, combined with the operation flow of container terminal, to analyze all kinds of queuing system inside container terminal. The simulation model of container terminal collecting and distributing system is constructed by using Flexsim simulation software, which describes the operation process of the whole container terminal loading and unloading system in a random and dynamic way, and realizes the visualization of the operation of turning over the container. For the study of the storage strategy to reduce the turnover rate to do a good modeling. Then, the paper discusses the problem of turning over the container yard in container terminal, introduces the classification of the turnover box, analyzes the reasons of turning over the container from the port yard, the shipping company and its agent, the owner of the container, and so on. From the point of view of process optimization, the paper puts forward the optimization principle of reducing the turnover rate of container terminal yard, and respectively provides solutions to the two types of turning over problems, namely, loading and turning over containers, mainly from the point of view of obtaining, From the point of view of arranging container space for incoming container with container information, the turnover of container is reduced from the source. This leads to the study of the storage strategy of import and export boxes. Finally, in order to reduce the turnover rate, the method of simulation modeling is used to study the storage strategy of the exit container with random collecting port and the strategy of storing the imported container with random open port. For export boxes, based on the analysis of the existing storage strategies of export boxes, an improved storage strategy for export boxes is proposed and designed, which is based on the flat box location, and is simulated and analyzed by an example. It is proved that the strategy can effectively reduce the turnover rate in the case of high utilization of the yard. For import containers, according to the shortage of resources in the yard, the container stacking problem of single ship and multiple ships is analyzed: in view of the container stacking problem of single ship, The paper puts forward and designs the reserve storage strategy by using the information of the time period of the reserved suitcase, and analyzes the case by using the simulation model of single ship to unload the ship and lift the cabinet, and verifies that the reserve storage strategy can effectively alleviate the contradiction between the utilization ratio of the yard and the rate of turnover. Aiming at the stacking problem of multiple ships, the paper constructs a number of ships to unload ships, and analyzes the strategy S1 and S2 / S3 of the two stage stacking strategy by means of the simulation model of container lifting. The process of comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the three strategies with the simulation model is introduced in detail, which provides a reference for the wharf to choose the appropriate strategy by means of simulation.
【學位授予單位】：華南理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：U695.22
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