高鐵的引入對(duì)韓國(guó)民航業(yè)發(fā)展的影響分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-13 20:28
【摘要】：對(duì)于在不同交通方式之間選擇來(lái)說(shuō)，各種交通方式的時(shí)間價(jià)值和價(jià)格差異可以說(shuō)消費(fèi)者選擇不同交通方式時(shí)最重要的影響因素。隨著交通方式的發(fā)展，汽車(chē)、火車(chē)、海運(yùn)、航空曾經(jīng)憑借各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)劃分運(yùn)輸市場(chǎng)。但是各種交通方式通過(guò)增加速度、提高安全性、降低成本、改善服務(wù)等等的辦法打破和其他交通方式的界限，并使得各種交通方式之間的界限越來(lái)越模糊。而且隨著國(guó)民收入的增加，使得消費(fèi)者可以選擇的交通方式范圍更加寬泛。雖然各國(guó)有一定差異，但是最近隨著各地區(qū)公路網(wǎng)建設(shè)和擴(kuò)充，鐵路和民航市場(chǎng)正承受著很大影響。 隨著韓國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)交通方式的發(fā)展，針對(duì)各種交通方式間的影響和波及效果的分析和討論也從2000年高鐵的建設(shè)的確定以后開(kāi)始了。比較早引入高鐵的國(guó)家已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了與航空公司的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)格局，并逐漸蠶食著相當(dāng)份額的短線需求。同時(shí)廉價(jià)航空的出現(xiàn)也迎來(lái)了新一輪市場(chǎng)變化。韓國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)航線不得不通過(guò)大規(guī)模的改編來(lái)和高鐵進(jìn)行競(jìng)爭(zhēng)了，同時(shí)應(yīng)該摸索出可以相互共存的道路。這論文以隨著最近高鐵和廉價(jià)航空的普及、交通市場(chǎng)開(kāi)始迎來(lái)較大變化的韓國(guó)交通產(chǎn)業(yè)為主題，著重研究未來(lái)交通方式發(fā)達(dá)化帶來(lái)的變化，努力為提出各種運(yùn)輸業(yè)的生存戰(zhàn)略、相互為共存所做的努力和未來(lái)的發(fā)展方向，預(yù)測(cè)其他國(guó)家積極促進(jìn)高鐵建設(shè)的可能帶來(lái)的未來(lái)變化等方面提供基本的研究材料。 在第2章重點(diǎn)考察韓國(guó)民航和高鐵產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展的基本態(tài)勢(shì)。主要分析目前的兩大代表性航空公司大韓航空和韓亞航空的旅客事業(yè)的走勢(shì)、飛機(jī)擁有量現(xiàn)狀、雇員規(guī)模，并對(duì)2005年起開(kāi)始的韓國(guó)廉價(jià)航空現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析。同時(shí)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注韓國(guó)鐵路運(yùn)輸和高鐵發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀。 第3章以引入高鐵給民航業(yè)帶來(lái)變化的實(shí)例為主要分析內(nèi)容。尤其對(duì)發(fā)展高鐵已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)期的日本、法國(guó)及最近在建設(shè)、運(yùn)營(yíng)中的中國(guó)等國(guó)家進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)考察，研究了高鐵開(kāi)通后航空公司的變化及對(duì)策。 第4章是民航與高鐵間競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力分析。高鐵的引入給韓國(guó)民航帶來(lái)了多種多樣的變化。在這論文關(guān)于民航產(chǎn)業(yè)的主要變化中研究了3個(gè)方面：第一，，航線和樞紐機(jī)場(chǎng)的變化；第二，投入專門(mén)用來(lái)?yè)Q乘的國(guó)內(nèi)航線飛機(jī)；第三，飛機(jī)的引進(jìn)和服務(wù)的差別化。關(guān)于高鐵產(chǎn)業(yè)的變化，考察了韓國(guó)鐵路網(wǎng)的改善，改善服務(wù)和擴(kuò)大事業(yè)范圍，技術(shù)的發(fā)展等領(lǐng)域。而且本論文中通過(guò)預(yù)測(cè)模型對(duì)京釜高鐵開(kāi)通帶來(lái)的首爾-大邱線路的航空需求變化進(jìn)行了分析。和研究民航跟高鐵的合作。 第5章重點(diǎn)考察韓國(guó)交通產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策分析與對(duì)策建議。隨著高鐵的正式開(kāi)通和國(guó)內(nèi)航線的減少也給國(guó)家的民航交通戰(zhàn)略帶來(lái)了大的變化。受當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)航線減少的影響，使用閑置的飛機(jī)、提高機(jī)場(chǎng)設(shè)施的利用，提高效率等等成為了政府需要推動(dòng)解決的課題。2000年前韓國(guó)政府盡力保持了保護(hù)本國(guó)航空公司的基本框架，但是2000年以后只要符合國(guó)家的利益，就開(kāi)始通過(guò)積極的航空協(xié)商來(lái)促進(jìn)航空自由化。同時(shí)，韓國(guó)政府?dāng)U大了新航空公司的市場(chǎng)參與（特別是廉價(jià)航空），一直努力爭(zhēng)取消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益。韓國(guó)政府的判斷是到目前對(duì)于陸�？盏慕煌ㄕ吆凸�、鐵路、機(jī)場(chǎng)、港口等國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)交通設(shè)施的擴(kuò)充相互沒(méi)有相關(guān)性，各部門(mén)分別處理，完成國(guó)家交通政策目標(biāo)存在局限。這不是一個(gè)單純的公路、鐵路、機(jī)場(chǎng)、港口的設(shè)施安排，而是從構(gòu)建國(guó)家綜合交通系統(tǒng)(NationalIntermodalism)的層面上，謀求交通行政政策一體化。建立綠色物流體系是未來(lái)的交通政策的制定中必須要包含的重要課題。以后控制二氧化碳排放量多的公路需求，促進(jìn)公共交通的發(fā)展、強(qiáng)化交通手段間有機(jī)合作成為了主要目標(biāo)。 作為本文的結(jié)論，在前文分析的基礎(chǔ)上重點(diǎn)探索今后高鐵和民航運(yùn)輸?shù)幕パa(bǔ)性和共同發(fā)展問(wèn)題。公路、鐵路、機(jī)場(chǎng)、港口建設(shè)等社會(huì)間接資本的擴(kuò)充雖然是國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)成長(zhǎng)的必須要素，但是需要預(yù)算和時(shí)間，并且效果也是長(zhǎng)期才能得以體現(xiàn)，應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備長(zhǎng)期的社會(huì)間接資本和設(shè)施的投資、擴(kuò)充計(jì)劃，促進(jìn)其相關(guān)作用。國(guó)家在打造包括最近技術(shù)發(fā)展很快的飛機(jī)和高鐵在內(nèi)的各種交通手段間的連接性換乘體系，即聯(lián)合運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)（Intermodal Transport System），并將國(guó)土效率化、生產(chǎn)力提高作為未來(lái)的最高目標(biāo)。將各交通方式有機(jī)的連接起來(lái)，以綜合換乘中心為中心，向國(guó)民提供無(wú)縫連接的(Seamless)交通網(wǎng)，通過(guò)多種方式的連接，提供可以選擇最恰當(dāng)方式的機(jī)會(huì)。民航和高鐵既是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)關(guān)系也是互補(bǔ)關(guān)系，目前已經(jīng)到了應(yīng)該靈活運(yùn)用高鐵的大量和高速輸送的優(yōu)勢(shì)，出臺(tái)可以提升與國(guó)際線核心機(jī)場(chǎng)的連接程度方案的重要節(jié)點(diǎn)。首先，從國(guó)家的層面來(lái)看，國(guó)家應(yīng)該對(duì)民航和高鐵的結(jié)合方案進(jìn)行研究，并對(duì)高鐵與國(guó)際航線飛機(jī)結(jié)合運(yùn)輸?shù)确桨高M(jìn)行探究。將來(lái)的民航市場(chǎng)環(huán)境將會(huì)從過(guò)去“規(guī)定和保護(hù)”的模式中脫離出來(lái)，更加強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)入到“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與合作”的局面。特別是航空自由化的擴(kuò)大、構(gòu)造地區(qū)綜合運(yùn)輸市場(chǎng)、戰(zhàn)略合作的變化、廉價(jià)航空公司的出現(xiàn)等世界航空市場(chǎng)的環(huán)境變化使得航空公司間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)更加深化，收支情況進(jìn)一步惡化。本文對(duì)國(guó)家之間進(jìn)行的航線開(kāi)發(fā)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和開(kāi)放天空(OPEN SKY)政策，結(jié)合相關(guān)事例進(jìn)行基礎(chǔ)研究。迄今為止，有個(gè)別的航空公司運(yùn)用中心輻射(HUBSPOKE)戰(zhàn)略,而今后將是航空公司與鐵路之間必須要運(yùn)用中心輻射(HUBSPOKE)策略的時(shí)期，應(yīng)該關(guān)注由此而帶來(lái)的航空公司的戰(zhàn)略變化。而且相應(yīng)的還要努力開(kāi)發(fā)未來(lái)交通技術(shù)，建設(shè)低碳綠色生長(zhǎng)型交通體系。
[Abstract]:For the choice of different traffic modes, the time value and price difference of various modes of transportation can be said to be the most important factors for consumers to choose different modes of transportation. With the development of the mode of transportation, cars, trains, shipping, and airlines have used their own advantages and disadvantages to divide the transportation market. The way to increase speed, increase security, reduce costs, improve services, and so on, break down the boundaries of other modes of transportation and make the boundaries between different modes of transportation increasingly blurred. And as the national income increases, consumers can choose to choose the way of transportation more extensive. Although there are certain differences in countries, but recently Along with the construction and expansion of highway network in various regions, the railway and civil aviation market are having a great impact.
With the development of the traffic mode in Korea, the analysis and discussion of the influence and effect of various modes of transportation have also begun after the construction of the high speed rail in 2000. The countries that introduced the high speed rail have begun to compete with the airlines in the market competition pattern, and gradually encroach on the short demand of a considerable share. The emergence of price aviation has also welcomed a new round of market change. South Korea's domestic routes have to compete with the high speed rail through large-scale adaptation. At the same time, we should find a way to coexist with each other. With the popularity of the recent high speed rail and cheap aviation, the transportation market has begun to usher in a big change in the Korean transportation industry. The paper focuses on the changes brought about by the development of the transportation mode in the future, and tries to provide basic research materials for the survival strategy of various transportation industries, the efforts made by each other and the direction of future development, and the prediction of the possible future changes in the construction of high speed rail by other countries.
In the second chapter, we focus on the basic situation of the development of the Korean civil aviation and the high speed rail industry. It mainly analyzes the current trend of the two major representative airlines, South Korea and Hana airlines, the current situation of the aircraft ownership, the size of the employees, and the analysis of the present situation of South Korea's low cost aeronautics which began in 2005. At the same time, the emphasis on Han Guotie is focused. The current situation of road transport and the development of high speed rail.
The third chapter is the main analysis of the example of the introduction of high speed rail to the civil aviation industry, especially for the development of high speed rail for a period of time in Japan, France and the recent construction and operation of China and other countries to study the changes and Countermeasures of the airlines after the high speed railway.
The fourth chapter is the analysis of the competitiveness of civil aviation and high speed rail. The introduction of high speed rail brings a variety of changes to the Korean civil aviation. In this paper, there are 3 aspects of the major changes in the civil aviation industry: first, changes in airline and hub airports; second, domestic airline aircraft dedicated to transfer; third, introduction and uniform of aircraft. On the change of the high speed rail industry, the improvement of the South Korean railway network, the improvement of the service and the expansion of the cause and the development of technology are investigated. In this paper, the change of the air demand of the Seoul Daegu line brought about by the Beijing kettle high speed railway is analyzed in this paper.
The fifth chapter focuses on the policy analysis and Countermeasures of the development of the traffic industry in Korea. With the formal opening of the high speed rail and the reduction of domestic routes, the national civil aviation transportation strategy has also brought great changes. The government needs to push for a solution,.2000 years ago, the South Korean government tried to maintain the basic framework for protecting its own airlines, but after 2000, as long as it was in the interest of the country, it began to promote aeronautical liberalization through active aviation consultations. The government's judgment is that there is no correlation between the traffic policies of land and sea, roads, railways, airports, ports and other national transportation facilities, which are dealt with separately, and the national traffic policy goals are limited. This is not a simple road, railway, airport, The establishment of port facilities, but from the construction of the national integrated transportation system (NationalIntermodalism), seeks the integration of traffic administrative policies. The establishment of a green logistics system is an important subject that must be included in the formulation of the future transportation policy. Strengthening the organic cooperation between means of transport has become the main objective.
On the basis of the previous analysis, we should focus on exploring the complementarity and common development of high speed rail and civil aviation in the future. The expansion of social indirect capital, such as highway, railway, airport and port construction, is a necessary element of national economic growth, but it needs pre calculation and time, and the effect is also long-term. It should be prepared to invest in long-term social indirect capital and facilities, expand the plan, and promote its relevance. The state is building a connectivity transfer system, including the Intermodal Transport System, which includes the recent rapid technological development of aircraft and high speed rail, and the efficiency and productivity of the land. It is the highest goal in the future. To connect the modes of transportation organically to the center as the center, to provide the Seamless transportation network to the people, to provide the opportunity to choose the most appropriate way through a variety of ways. Using the advantages of high speed rail and high speed transport, it is an important node to improve the connection degree program with the international core airport. First, from the national level, the state should study the combination of the civil aviation and the high speed rail, and explore the combination of the high speed rail and the international airline aircraft. The air market environment will be separated from the past "regulation and protection" model, and more emphasis is placed on entering the situation of "competition and cooperation". Especially, the expansion of Aeronautical liberalization, the comprehensive transport market in the region, the change of strategic cooperation, the emergence of the world aviation market, such as the emergence of the Budget airline company, etc. The competition is deepened and the balance of revenue and expenditure worsens. In this paper, the policy of developing competition between the countries and the open sky (OPEN SKY) policy is carried out in combination with the relevant cases. So far, some airlines have applied the central radiation (HUBSPOKE) strategy and will be used between airlines and railways in the future. At the time of the HUBSPOKE strategy, we should pay attention to the strategic changes of the airlines brought about by it. And we should also work hard to develop future transportation technology and build a low carbon green growth type transportation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F563.126
本文編號(hào)：2120646
[Abstract]:For the choice of different traffic modes, the time value and price difference of various modes of transportation can be said to be the most important factors for consumers to choose different modes of transportation. With the development of the mode of transportation, cars, trains, shipping, and airlines have used their own advantages and disadvantages to divide the transportation market. The way to increase speed, increase security, reduce costs, improve services, and so on, break down the boundaries of other modes of transportation and make the boundaries between different modes of transportation increasingly blurred. And as the national income increases, consumers can choose to choose the way of transportation more extensive. Although there are certain differences in countries, but recently Along with the construction and expansion of highway network in various regions, the railway and civil aviation market are having a great impact.
With the development of the traffic mode in Korea, the analysis and discussion of the influence and effect of various modes of transportation have also begun after the construction of the high speed rail in 2000. The countries that introduced the high speed rail have begun to compete with the airlines in the market competition pattern, and gradually encroach on the short demand of a considerable share. The emergence of price aviation has also welcomed a new round of market change. South Korea's domestic routes have to compete with the high speed rail through large-scale adaptation. At the same time, we should find a way to coexist with each other. With the popularity of the recent high speed rail and cheap aviation, the transportation market has begun to usher in a big change in the Korean transportation industry. The paper focuses on the changes brought about by the development of the transportation mode in the future, and tries to provide basic research materials for the survival strategy of various transportation industries, the efforts made by each other and the direction of future development, and the prediction of the possible future changes in the construction of high speed rail by other countries.
In the second chapter, we focus on the basic situation of the development of the Korean civil aviation and the high speed rail industry. It mainly analyzes the current trend of the two major representative airlines, South Korea and Hana airlines, the current situation of the aircraft ownership, the size of the employees, and the analysis of the present situation of South Korea's low cost aeronautics which began in 2005. At the same time, the emphasis on Han Guotie is focused. The current situation of road transport and the development of high speed rail.
The third chapter is the main analysis of the example of the introduction of high speed rail to the civil aviation industry, especially for the development of high speed rail for a period of time in Japan, France and the recent construction and operation of China and other countries to study the changes and Countermeasures of the airlines after the high speed railway.
The fourth chapter is the analysis of the competitiveness of civil aviation and high speed rail. The introduction of high speed rail brings a variety of changes to the Korean civil aviation. In this paper, there are 3 aspects of the major changes in the civil aviation industry: first, changes in airline and hub airports; second, domestic airline aircraft dedicated to transfer; third, introduction and uniform of aircraft. On the change of the high speed rail industry, the improvement of the South Korean railway network, the improvement of the service and the expansion of the cause and the development of technology are investigated. In this paper, the change of the air demand of the Seoul Daegu line brought about by the Beijing kettle high speed railway is analyzed in this paper.
The fifth chapter focuses on the policy analysis and Countermeasures of the development of the traffic industry in Korea. With the formal opening of the high speed rail and the reduction of domestic routes, the national civil aviation transportation strategy has also brought great changes. The government needs to push for a solution,.2000 years ago, the South Korean government tried to maintain the basic framework for protecting its own airlines, but after 2000, as long as it was in the interest of the country, it began to promote aeronautical liberalization through active aviation consultations. The government's judgment is that there is no correlation between the traffic policies of land and sea, roads, railways, airports, ports and other national transportation facilities, which are dealt with separately, and the national traffic policy goals are limited. This is not a simple road, railway, airport, The establishment of port facilities, but from the construction of the national integrated transportation system (NationalIntermodalism), seeks the integration of traffic administrative policies. The establishment of a green logistics system is an important subject that must be included in the formulation of the future transportation policy. Strengthening the organic cooperation between means of transport has become the main objective.
On the basis of the previous analysis, we should focus on exploring the complementarity and common development of high speed rail and civil aviation in the future. The expansion of social indirect capital, such as highway, railway, airport and port construction, is a necessary element of national economic growth, but it needs pre calculation and time, and the effect is also long-term. It should be prepared to invest in long-term social indirect capital and facilities, expand the plan, and promote its relevance. The state is building a connectivity transfer system, including the Intermodal Transport System, which includes the recent rapid technological development of aircraft and high speed rail, and the efficiency and productivity of the land. It is the highest goal in the future. To connect the modes of transportation organically to the center as the center, to provide the Seamless transportation network to the people, to provide the opportunity to choose the most appropriate way through a variety of ways. Using the advantages of high speed rail and high speed transport, it is an important node to improve the connection degree program with the international core airport. First, from the national level, the state should study the combination of the civil aviation and the high speed rail, and explore the combination of the high speed rail and the international airline aircraft. The air market environment will be separated from the past "regulation and protection" model, and more emphasis is placed on entering the situation of "competition and cooperation". Especially, the expansion of Aeronautical liberalization, the comprehensive transport market in the region, the change of strategic cooperation, the emergence of the world aviation market, such as the emergence of the Budget airline company, etc. The competition is deepened and the balance of revenue and expenditure worsens. In this paper, the policy of developing competition between the countries and the open sky (OPEN SKY) policy is carried out in combination with the relevant cases. So far, some airlines have applied the central radiation (HUBSPOKE) strategy and will be used between airlines and railways in the future. At the time of the HUBSPOKE strategy, we should pay attention to the strategic changes of the airlines brought about by it. And we should also work hard to develop future transportation technology and build a low carbon green growth type transportation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F563.126
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