高鐵的引入對韓國民航業(yè)發(fā)展的影響分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-13 20:28
【摘要】：對于在不同交通方式之間選擇來說，各種交通方式的時間價值和價格差異可以說消費者選擇不同交通方式時最重要的影響因素。隨著交通方式的發(fā)展，汽車、火車、海運、航空曾經(jīng)憑借各自的優(yōu)缺點劃分運輸市場。但是各種交通方式通過增加速度、提高安全性、降低成本、改善服務等等的辦法打破和其他交通方式的界限，并使得各種交通方式之間的界限越來越模糊。而且隨著國民收入的增加，使得消費者可以選擇的交通方式范圍更加寬泛。雖然各國有一定差異，但是最近隨著各地區(qū)公路網(wǎng)建設和擴充，鐵路和民航市場正承受著很大影響。 隨著韓國國內(nèi)交通方式的發(fā)展，針對各種交通方式間的影響和波及效果的分析和討論也從2000年高鐵的建設的確定以后開始了。比較早引入高鐵的國家已經(jīng)開始了與航空公司的市場競爭格局，并逐漸蠶食著相當份額的短線需求。同時廉價航空的出現(xiàn)也迎來了新一輪市場變化。韓國國內(nèi)航線不得不通過大規(guī)模的改編來和高鐵進行競爭了，同時應該摸索出可以相互共存的道路。這論文以隨著最近高鐵和廉價航空的普及、交通市場開始迎來較大變化的韓國交通產(chǎn)業(yè)為主題，著重研究未來交通方式發(fā)達化帶來的變化，努力為提出各種運輸業(yè)的生存戰(zhàn)略、相互為共存所做的努力和未來的發(fā)展方向，預測其他國家積極促進高鐵建設的可能帶來的未來變化等方面提供基本的研究材料。 在第2章重點考察韓國民航和高鐵產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展的基本態(tài)勢。主要分析目前的兩大代表性航空公司大韓航空和韓亞航空的旅客事業(yè)的走勢、飛機擁有量現(xiàn)狀、雇員規(guī)模，并對2005年起開始的韓國廉價航空現(xiàn)狀進行分析。同時重點關注韓國鐵路運輸和高鐵發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀。 第3章以引入高鐵給民航業(yè)帶來變化的實例為主要分析內(nèi)容。尤其對發(fā)展高鐵已經(jīng)有一段時期的日本、法國及最近在建設、運營中的中國等國家進行重點考察，研究了高鐵開通后航空公司的變化及對策。 第4章是民航與高鐵間競爭力分析。高鐵的引入給韓國民航帶來了多種多樣的變化。在這論文關于民航產(chǎn)業(yè)的主要變化中研究了3個方面：第一，，航線和樞紐機場的變化；第二，投入專門用來換乘的國內(nèi)航線飛機；第三，飛機的引進和服務的差別化。關于高鐵產(chǎn)業(yè)的變化，考察了韓國鐵路網(wǎng)的改善，改善服務和擴大事業(yè)范圍，技術的發(fā)展等領域。而且本論文中通過預測模型對京釜高鐵開通帶來的首爾-大邱線路的航空需求變化進行了分析。和研究民航跟高鐵的合作。 第5章重點考察韓國交通產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策分析與對策建議。隨著高鐵的正式開通和國內(nèi)航線的減少也給國家的民航交通戰(zhàn)略帶來了大的變化。受當前國內(nèi)航線減少的影響，使用閑置的飛機、提高機場設施的利用，提高效率等等成為了政府需要推動解決的課題。2000年前韓國政府盡力保持了保護本國航空公司的基本框架，但是2000年以后只要符合國家的利益，就開始通過積極的航空協(xié)商來促進航空自由化。同時，韓國政府擴大了新航空公司的市場參與（特別是廉價航空），一直努力爭取消費者的權(quán)益。韓國政府的判斷是到目前對于陸�？盏慕煌ㄕ吆凸�、鐵路、機場、港口等國家機關交通設施的擴充相互沒有相關性，各部門分別處理，完成國家交通政策目標存在局限。這不是一個單純的公路、鐵路、機場、港口的設施安排，而是從構(gòu)建國家綜合交通系統(tǒng)(NationalIntermodalism)的層面上，謀求交通行政政策一體化。建立綠色物流體系是未來的交通政策的制定中必須要包含的重要課題。以后控制二氧化碳排放量多的公路需求，促進公共交通的發(fā)展、強化交通手段間有機合作成為了主要目標。 作為本文的結(jié)論，在前文分析的基礎上重點探索今后高鐵和民航運輸?shù)幕パa性和共同發(fā)展問題。公路、鐵路、機場、港口建設等社會間接資本的擴充雖然是國家經(jīng)濟成長的必須要素，但是需要預算和時間，并且效果也是長期才能得以體現(xiàn)，應該準備長期的社會間接資本和設施的投資、擴充計劃，促進其相關作用。國家在打造包括最近技術發(fā)展很快的飛機和高鐵在內(nèi)的各種交通手段間的連接性換乘體系，即聯(lián)合運輸系統(tǒng)（Intermodal Transport System），并將國土效率化、生產(chǎn)力提高作為未來的最高目標。將各交通方式有機的連接起來，以綜合換乘中心為中心，向國民提供無縫連接的(Seamless)交通網(wǎng)，通過多種方式的連接，提供可以選擇最恰當方式的機會。民航和高鐵既是競爭關系也是互補關系，目前已經(jīng)到了應該靈活運用高鐵的大量和高速輸送的優(yōu)勢，出臺可以提升與國際線核心機場的連接程度方案的重要節(jié)點。首先，從國家的層面來看，國家應該對民航和高鐵的結(jié)合方案進行研究，并對高鐵與國際航線飛機結(jié)合運輸?shù)确桨高M行探究。將來的民航市場環(huán)境將會從過去“規(guī)定和保護”的模式中脫離出來，更加強調(diào)進入到“競爭與合作”的局面。特別是航空自由化的擴大、構(gòu)造地區(qū)綜合運輸市場、戰(zhàn)略合作的變化、廉價航空公司的出現(xiàn)等世界航空市場的環(huán)境變化使得航空公司間的競爭更加深化，收支情況進一步惡化。本文對國家之間進行的航線開發(fā)競爭和開放天空(OPEN SKY)政策，結(jié)合相關事例進行基礎研究。迄今為止，有個別的航空公司運用中心輻射(HUBSPOKE)戰(zhàn)略,而今后將是航空公司與鐵路之間必須要運用中心輻射(HUBSPOKE)策略的時期，應該關注由此而帶來的航空公司的戰(zhàn)略變化。而且相應的還要努力開發(fā)未來交通技術，建設低碳綠色生長型交通體系。
[Abstract]:For the choice of different traffic modes, the time value and price difference of various modes of transportation can be said to be the most important factors for consumers to choose different modes of transportation. With the development of the mode of transportation, cars, trains, shipping, and airlines have used their own advantages and disadvantages to divide the transportation market. The way to increase speed, increase security, reduce costs, improve services, and so on, break down the boundaries of other modes of transportation and make the boundaries between different modes of transportation increasingly blurred. And as the national income increases, consumers can choose to choose the way of transportation more extensive. Although there are certain differences in countries, but recently Along with the construction and expansion of highway network in various regions, the railway and civil aviation market are having a great impact.
With the development of the traffic mode in Korea, the analysis and discussion of the influence and effect of various modes of transportation have also begun after the construction of the high speed rail in 2000. The countries that introduced the high speed rail have begun to compete with the airlines in the market competition pattern, and gradually encroach on the short demand of a considerable share. The emergence of price aviation has also welcomed a new round of market change. South Korea's domestic routes have to compete with the high speed rail through large-scale adaptation. At the same time, we should find a way to coexist with each other. With the popularity of the recent high speed rail and cheap aviation, the transportation market has begun to usher in a big change in the Korean transportation industry. The paper focuses on the changes brought about by the development of the transportation mode in the future, and tries to provide basic research materials for the survival strategy of various transportation industries, the efforts made by each other and the direction of future development, and the prediction of the possible future changes in the construction of high speed rail by other countries.
In the second chapter, we focus on the basic situation of the development of the Korean civil aviation and the high speed rail industry. It mainly analyzes the current trend of the two major representative airlines, South Korea and Hana airlines, the current situation of the aircraft ownership, the size of the employees, and the analysis of the present situation of South Korea's low cost aeronautics which began in 2005. At the same time, the emphasis on Han Guotie is focused. The current situation of road transport and the development of high speed rail.
The third chapter is the main analysis of the example of the introduction of high speed rail to the civil aviation industry, especially for the development of high speed rail for a period of time in Japan, France and the recent construction and operation of China and other countries to study the changes and Countermeasures of the airlines after the high speed railway.
The fourth chapter is the analysis of the competitiveness of civil aviation and high speed rail. The introduction of high speed rail brings a variety of changes to the Korean civil aviation. In this paper, there are 3 aspects of the major changes in the civil aviation industry: first, changes in airline and hub airports; second, domestic airline aircraft dedicated to transfer; third, introduction and uniform of aircraft. On the change of the high speed rail industry, the improvement of the South Korean railway network, the improvement of the service and the expansion of the cause and the development of technology are investigated. In this paper, the change of the air demand of the Seoul Daegu line brought about by the Beijing kettle high speed railway is analyzed in this paper.
The fifth chapter focuses on the policy analysis and Countermeasures of the development of the traffic industry in Korea. With the formal opening of the high speed rail and the reduction of domestic routes, the national civil aviation transportation strategy has also brought great changes. The government needs to push for a solution,.2000 years ago, the South Korean government tried to maintain the basic framework for protecting its own airlines, but after 2000, as long as it was in the interest of the country, it began to promote aeronautical liberalization through active aviation consultations. The government's judgment is that there is no correlation between the traffic policies of land and sea, roads, railways, airports, ports and other national transportation facilities, which are dealt with separately, and the national traffic policy goals are limited. This is not a simple road, railway, airport, The establishment of port facilities, but from the construction of the national integrated transportation system (NationalIntermodalism), seeks the integration of traffic administrative policies. The establishment of a green logistics system is an important subject that must be included in the formulation of the future transportation policy. Strengthening the organic cooperation between means of transport has become the main objective.
On the basis of the previous analysis, we should focus on exploring the complementarity and common development of high speed rail and civil aviation in the future. The expansion of social indirect capital, such as highway, railway, airport and port construction, is a necessary element of national economic growth, but it needs pre calculation and time, and the effect is also long-term. It should be prepared to invest in long-term social indirect capital and facilities, expand the plan, and promote its relevance. The state is building a connectivity transfer system, including the Intermodal Transport System, which includes the recent rapid technological development of aircraft and high speed rail, and the efficiency and productivity of the land. It is the highest goal in the future. To connect the modes of transportation organically to the center as the center, to provide the Seamless transportation network to the people, to provide the opportunity to choose the most appropriate way through a variety of ways. Using the advantages of high speed rail and high speed transport, it is an important node to improve the connection degree program with the international core airport. First, from the national level, the state should study the combination of the civil aviation and the high speed rail, and explore the combination of the high speed rail and the international airline aircraft. The air market environment will be separated from the past "regulation and protection" model, and more emphasis is placed on entering the situation of "competition and cooperation". Especially, the expansion of Aeronautical liberalization, the comprehensive transport market in the region, the change of strategic cooperation, the emergence of the world aviation market, such as the emergence of the Budget airline company, etc. The competition is deepened and the balance of revenue and expenditure worsens. In this paper, the policy of developing competition between the countries and the open sky (OPEN SKY) policy is carried out in combination with the relevant cases. So far, some airlines have applied the central radiation (HUBSPOKE) strategy and will be used between airlines and railways in the future. At the time of the HUBSPOKE strategy, we should pay attention to the strategic changes of the airlines brought about by it. And we should also work hard to develop future transportation technology and build a low carbon green growth type transportation system.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F563.126
本文編號：2120646
[Abstract]:For the choice of different traffic modes, the time value and price difference of various modes of transportation can be said to be the most important factors for consumers to choose different modes of transportation. With the development of the mode of transportation, cars, trains, shipping, and airlines have used their own advantages and disadvantages to divide the transportation market. The way to increase speed, increase security, reduce costs, improve services, and so on, break down the boundaries of other modes of transportation and make the boundaries between different modes of transportation increasingly blurred. And as the national income increases, consumers can choose to choose the way of transportation more extensive. Although there are certain differences in countries, but recently Along with the construction and expansion of highway network in various regions, the railway and civil aviation market are having a great impact.
With the development of the traffic mode in Korea, the analysis and discussion of the influence and effect of various modes of transportation have also begun after the construction of the high speed rail in 2000. The countries that introduced the high speed rail have begun to compete with the airlines in the market competition pattern, and gradually encroach on the short demand of a considerable share. The emergence of price aviation has also welcomed a new round of market change. South Korea's domestic routes have to compete with the high speed rail through large-scale adaptation. At the same time, we should find a way to coexist with each other. With the popularity of the recent high speed rail and cheap aviation, the transportation market has begun to usher in a big change in the Korean transportation industry. The paper focuses on the changes brought about by the development of the transportation mode in the future, and tries to provide basic research materials for the survival strategy of various transportation industries, the efforts made by each other and the direction of future development, and the prediction of the possible future changes in the construction of high speed rail by other countries.
In the second chapter, we focus on the basic situation of the development of the Korean civil aviation and the high speed rail industry. It mainly analyzes the current trend of the two major representative airlines, South Korea and Hana airlines, the current situation of the aircraft ownership, the size of the employees, and the analysis of the present situation of South Korea's low cost aeronautics which began in 2005. At the same time, the emphasis on Han Guotie is focused. The current situation of road transport and the development of high speed rail.
The third chapter is the main analysis of the example of the introduction of high speed rail to the civil aviation industry, especially for the development of high speed rail for a period of time in Japan, France and the recent construction and operation of China and other countries to study the changes and Countermeasures of the airlines after the high speed railway.
The fourth chapter is the analysis of the competitiveness of civil aviation and high speed rail. The introduction of high speed rail brings a variety of changes to the Korean civil aviation. In this paper, there are 3 aspects of the major changes in the civil aviation industry: first, changes in airline and hub airports; second, domestic airline aircraft dedicated to transfer; third, introduction and uniform of aircraft. On the change of the high speed rail industry, the improvement of the South Korean railway network, the improvement of the service and the expansion of the cause and the development of technology are investigated. In this paper, the change of the air demand of the Seoul Daegu line brought about by the Beijing kettle high speed railway is analyzed in this paper.
The fifth chapter focuses on the policy analysis and Countermeasures of the development of the traffic industry in Korea. With the formal opening of the high speed rail and the reduction of domestic routes, the national civil aviation transportation strategy has also brought great changes. The government needs to push for a solution,.2000 years ago, the South Korean government tried to maintain the basic framework for protecting its own airlines, but after 2000, as long as it was in the interest of the country, it began to promote aeronautical liberalization through active aviation consultations. The government's judgment is that there is no correlation between the traffic policies of land and sea, roads, railways, airports, ports and other national transportation facilities, which are dealt with separately, and the national traffic policy goals are limited. This is not a simple road, railway, airport, The establishment of port facilities, but from the construction of the national integrated transportation system (NationalIntermodalism), seeks the integration of traffic administrative policies. The establishment of a green logistics system is an important subject that must be included in the formulation of the future transportation policy. Strengthening the organic cooperation between means of transport has become the main objective.
On the basis of the previous analysis, we should focus on exploring the complementarity and common development of high speed rail and civil aviation in the future. The expansion of social indirect capital, such as highway, railway, airport and port construction, is a necessary element of national economic growth, but it needs pre calculation and time, and the effect is also long-term. It should be prepared to invest in long-term social indirect capital and facilities, expand the plan, and promote its relevance. The state is building a connectivity transfer system, including the Intermodal Transport System, which includes the recent rapid technological development of aircraft and high speed rail, and the efficiency and productivity of the land. It is the highest goal in the future. To connect the modes of transportation organically to the center as the center, to provide the Seamless transportation network to the people, to provide the opportunity to choose the most appropriate way through a variety of ways. Using the advantages of high speed rail and high speed transport, it is an important node to improve the connection degree program with the international core airport. First, from the national level, the state should study the combination of the civil aviation and the high speed rail, and explore the combination of the high speed rail and the international airline aircraft. The air market environment will be separated from the past "regulation and protection" model, and more emphasis is placed on entering the situation of "competition and cooperation". Especially, the expansion of Aeronautical liberalization, the comprehensive transport market in the region, the change of strategic cooperation, the emergence of the world aviation market, such as the emergence of the Budget airline company, etc. The competition is deepened and the balance of revenue and expenditure worsens. In this paper, the policy of developing competition between the countries and the open sky (OPEN SKY) policy is carried out in combination with the relevant cases. So far, some airlines have applied the central radiation (HUBSPOKE) strategy and will be used between airlines and railways in the future. At the time of the HUBSPOKE strategy, we should pay attention to the strategic changes of the airlines brought about by it. And we should also work hard to develop future transportation technology and build a low carbon green growth type transportation system.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F563.126
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