本文選題：烏海市 + 海勃灣區(qū)　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：自改革開放以來，隨著國家經(jīng)濟建設(shè)和社會各項事業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，人、車、路矛盾日益成為許多大中城市噬待解決的問題。烏海市作為西部城市也存在同樣的問題。建市三十多年來，我市道路交通建設(shè)已初具規(guī)模，但與車輛、人口的猛增不相適應(yīng)，尤其是市政府所在地海勃灣城區(qū)道路擁堵問題日益突出，形勢非常嚴峻，社會各界對此意見很大，解決人、車、路存在的矛盾是當前乃至今后一個時期的重要課題，應(yīng)該引起我們交通管理者和決策者的高度重視。筆者在深入開展調(diào)查研究的基礎(chǔ)上，試圖結(jié)合海勃灣區(qū)的人、車、路交通情況就人、車、路矛盾及產(chǎn)生的原因和解決對策談一些管窺之見，以期拋磚引玉之效。 在關(guān)于城區(qū)道路交通管理規(guī)劃的目的上，我認為提供該不該管、什么時侯管、怎樣管、管什么等問題的解決方法是關(guān)鍵。通過規(guī)劃，人們能了解到管理實施后的成效，以免由于不恰當管理而造成政策上的不均衡和經(jīng)濟上的重大損失。例如：城區(qū)道路交通現(xiàn)況調(diào)查、現(xiàn)況分析與問題的判斷、城區(qū)交通需分析通過交通需求模式的建成和估算、城區(qū)交通管理方式的確立等等。 世界當前城區(qū)交通正進入信息化新時代，衡量目前城區(qū)現(xiàn)代化水平的重要標志是道路的建設(shè)、客運貨運和交管組成的快速、方便舒服、有效的城區(qū)交通系統(tǒng)。提高現(xiàn)代化水平，既是城區(qū)交通發(fā)展的趨勢，也是現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的必經(jīng)之路。然而，隨著我國國民經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展和城區(qū)化進程的加速，怎樣解決城區(qū)交通問題已經(jīng)是城區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的一個重要課題，城區(qū)道路交通管理工作也面臨著重要的挑戰(zhàn)。為了保證城區(qū)交通合理，正確有效發(fā)展，就要從城區(qū)交通系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)在體制及其與外部環(huán)境條件之間的相互作用關(guān)系出發(fā)來進行合理的交通管理規(guī)劃。 城市交通隨城市的發(fā)展而產(chǎn)生，隨社會的進步而演化，具有高度的復(fù)雜性。交通工程、城市規(guī)劃、系統(tǒng)工程、環(huán)境工程、信息與控制工程、行為科學、管理科學等多學科均屬于城市交通的研究領(lǐng)域。在交通流理論、交通需求預(yù)測、交通規(guī)劃與管理、交通環(huán)境科學、交通安全保障、交通模擬仿真、智能化交通系統(tǒng)等方面自20世紀50年代以來，世界各國學者均作了大量理論與應(yīng)用工作。然而大部分研究停留在緩解城市交通擁堵的“治標”層面上，成果對城市交通問題的解決仍然具有相當?shù)木窒扌院捅粍有�，原因在于缺少對城市交通動態(tài)平衡機理的深刻認識，缺少對造成城市交通擁堵原因的深層次剖析。要建立起以交通需求與交通供給的耦合與控制為基礎(chǔ)的主動式交通供需平衡理論體系，對我國城市交通系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展模式將產(chǎn)生重要影響，并能實現(xiàn)我國城市交通系統(tǒng)的規(guī)劃、建設(shè)與管理從被動適應(yīng)向主動控制的根本轉(zhuǎn)變。 中國城區(qū)公共交通，研究成果多樣化,涉及范圍很廣,其建設(shè)策略從宏觀的角度研究了中國公交優(yōu)先發(fā)展的理論與實踐,結(jié)合公共交通政策法規(guī)和發(fā)展公共交通的技術(shù)措施方面,論述了公交優(yōu)先的實施辦法；以中國公共交通發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀分析和國外城區(qū)優(yōu)先發(fā)展公交的實施辦法研究為依據(jù),論述了城區(qū)公交優(yōu)先權(quán)的發(fā)展方向、效果和辦法；根據(jù)其它城區(qū)實施公交優(yōu)先的現(xiàn)狀,提出了公共交通優(yōu)先發(fā)展實施的辦法�？偟膩碚f,交通建設(shè)策略的研究主要是比較分析，較少運用定量模型分析研究。 將烏海市海勃灣區(qū)的城市交通看成一個系統(tǒng)，以動態(tài)平衡理論為指導，結(jié)合城市規(guī)劃理論，深入探究目前海勃灣區(qū)城市交通存在的弊病。針對問題，切實提出對策。如載體子系統(tǒng)、運輸子系統(tǒng)、管理子系統(tǒng)以及對人的對策。 主要研究方法：變量控制、調(diào)查問卷、實地走訪、地理信息技術(shù)、電子數(shù)據(jù)匯總、監(jiān)控交通流等方法。 隨著烏海市海勃灣區(qū)城市交通建設(shè)及社會經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，汽車業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展，汽車擁有量不斷上升，而城市道路承載能力趨于飽和，城市交通管理存在不善，導致城市交通建設(shè)中出現(xiàn)了一個難題:交通擁堵。使我們不得不面對擁擠的狀況。 海勃灣區(qū)的社會經(jīng)濟建設(shè)正處于快速發(fā)展期，海勃灣區(qū)的城市道路交通問題也在日益加重，造成交通問題的原因是多方面多層次的，與人口數(shù)量，機動車擁有量，居民的人文素養(yǎng)以及價值觀念，公共交通設(shè)施的不完善等多方面因素有關(guān)。 交通問題與居民的日常生活關(guān)系密切，，尤其是交通安全問題，交通安全牽系到生命的安危，家庭的幸福，社會的和諧穩(wěn)定。 應(yīng)對海勃灣區(qū)快速發(fā)展的城市交通，要求我們每一位海勃灣區(qū)居民解放思想，緊貼實際，勇于創(chuàng)新，用新理念來來應(yīng)對現(xiàn)代城市交通所面臨的新問題，要根據(jù)交通需求和特點，有針對性地、因地制宜地采用不同的交通對策。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of national economic construction and various social undertakings, the contradiction between people, cars and roads is increasingly becoming a problem to be solved in many cities and cities. As a city in the west, Wuhai has the same problem. For more than thirty years, the construction of road traffic in our city has begun to take shape, but with the vehicle, the population has increased rapidly. In particular, the road congestion in the city of Haibowan, especially the city government, is becoming more and more serious. The situation is very serious and the social circles have a great opinion. The contradiction between people, cars and roads is an important issue at present and in the future. We should pay great attention to our traffic managers and decision-makers. On the basis of the investigation, we try to talk about the human, car, road traffic situation in Haibowan district on people, car, road, road, cause and solution.
On the purpose of urban road traffic management planning, I think it is the key to provide a solution to the problems such as the management, how, how and what to manage. Through planning, people can understand the effectiveness of the management, so as to avoid the unbalance of policy and the major economic losses due to improper management. For example: The current survey of urban road traffic, the analysis of the current situation and the judgment of the problems, the urban traffic needs to be analyzed through the construction and estimation of the traffic demand model, the establishment of urban traffic management mode and so on.
The current urban traffic in the world is entering the new era of information. The important symbol of the modernization level of the urban area is the construction of the road, the rapid, convenient and effective urban traffic system, which is composed of the passenger transport and traffic management, and the improvement of the modernization level, which is not only the trend of urban traffic development, but also the only way for modern construction. With the rapid development of our national economy and the acceleration of the process of urban development, how to solve the problem of urban traffic is an important issue in the sustainable development of urban area, and the work of urban road traffic management is also facing important challenges. In order to ensure the reasonable and effective development of urban traffic, the inner system of urban traffic system should be made. And its interaction with external environmental conditions, to carry out reasonable traffic management planning.
Urban traffic comes into being with the development of the city. It evolves with the progress of the society and has high complexity. Traffic engineering, urban planning, system engineering, environmental engineering, information and control engineering, behavioral science and management science are all the research areas of urban traffic. In traffic flow theory, traffic demand prediction, traffic planning and management Since 1950s, scholars all over the world have done a great deal of theory and application in the fields of traffic environment science, traffic safety, traffic simulation, and intelligent transportation system. However, most of the research remains on the "standard" layer to alleviate urban traffic congestion, and the results have still been solved for urban traffic problems. The reason lies in the lack of deep understanding of the mechanism of urban traffic dynamic balance and the lack of deep analysis of the causes of urban traffic congestion. The development mode will have an important impact and realize the fundamental transformation of urban transportation system planning, construction and management from passive adaptation to active control.
The public transportation in urban areas of China is diversified and involves a wide range. Its construction strategy studies the theory and practice of public transport priority development from a macro perspective, and discusses the implementation of public transport priority in combination with public transport policies and regulations and the technical measures for the development of public transport; the development of public transport in China is divided into the present situation. On the basis of the study on the implementation of public transit priority in the urban area, the development direction, the effect and the method of the urban public transport priority are discussed. According to the status of public transport priority in other urban areas, the methods of public transport priority development are put forward. In general, the Research of traffic construction strategy is mainly comparative analysis and less transportation. The quantitative model analysis was used.
Taking the urban traffic of Haibowan District of Wuhai as a system, guided by the theory of dynamic balance and combining the theory of urban planning, this paper deeply explores the disadvantages of urban traffic in Haibowan district. In view of the problems, some countermeasures are put forward, such as the carrier subsystem, the transport subsystem, the management system and the countermeasures to the people.
Main research methods: variable control, questionnaire, field visits, geographic information technology, electronic data collection, monitoring traffic flow and other methods.
With the rapid development of urban traffic construction and social economy in Haibowan District of Wuhai, the automobile industry is developing rapidly, the car ownership is rising, the capacity of the city road is saturated and the urban traffic management is not good, which leads to a difficult problem in the urban traffic construction: traffic congestion makes us have to face the crowded situation.
The social and economic construction in Haibowan is in a period of rapid development, and the urban road traffic problems in Haibowan are becoming more and more serious. The cause of traffic problems is multifaceted, related to many factors, such as the number of people, the quantity of motor vehicles, the people's humanistic quality and values, and the imperfect public transportation facilities.
Traffic problems are closely related to the daily life of the residents, especially the traffic safety. Traffic safety concerns the safety of life, the happiness of the family, and the harmony and stability of the society.
To cope with the rapid development of urban traffic in Haibowan, each of the residents in Haibowan area is required to emancipate their minds, stick to the reality and innovate, and use new ideas to deal with the new problems faced by modern urban traffic. According to the traffic demand and characteristics, we should adopt different traffic countermeasures according to local conditions.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F512

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