本文選題：海運(yùn)空箱調(diào)運(yùn) + 確定目的港策略　； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的不平衡導(dǎo)致貿(mào)易流失衡,使得集裝箱空箱的供給與需求不對稱,因此就產(chǎn)生了集裝箱的空箱調(diào)運(yùn),這是困擾航運(yùn)企業(yè)發(fā)展經(jīng)營的重要問題之一。因此,對空箱調(diào)運(yùn)問題進(jìn)行切實(shí)有效的優(yōu)化,有效的組織和調(diào)配空箱流動,降低集裝箱空箱的調(diào)運(yùn)成本對所有航運(yùn)企業(yè)都是至關(guān)重要的。 空箱調(diào)運(yùn)問題已經(jīng)越來越受到學(xué)術(shù)界和航運(yùn)企業(yè)的重視,并進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的研究,但目前航運(yùn)公司大都沿用經(jīng)驗(yàn)調(diào)度的方式。隨著集裝箱運(yùn)輸實(shí)踐的深入和時間的推移,提出更加符合實(shí)際集裝箱運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的空箱調(diào)運(yùn)的理論、模型和方法將是十分必要的。全文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下： 從集裝箱的流轉(zhuǎn)過程入手,對空箱調(diào)運(yùn)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了界定,將空箱調(diào)運(yùn)問題劃分為陸上空箱調(diào)運(yùn)及海上空箱調(diào)運(yùn)。本文重點(diǎn)研究了比陸運(yùn)空箱調(diào)運(yùn)系統(tǒng)更加復(fù)雜的海運(yùn)空箱調(diào)運(yùn)系統(tǒng),分別從系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成、空箱的需求及供應(yīng)的角度對其進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析。在現(xiàn)有研究成果基礎(chǔ)上,針對傳統(tǒng)的固定目的港策略提出了一種新的調(diào)箱策略：不確定目的港策略。此調(diào)箱策略只確定大體空箱流,當(dāng)空箱裝船時并不確定目的港,當(dāng)?shù)竭_(dá)下一掛靠港口時,根據(jù)需求再確定卸箱數(shù)量。并針對兩種不同的調(diào)箱策略分別建立了以綜合運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用最小為目標(biāo)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。 文章接下來對長期以來困擾航運(yùn)公司的空箱調(diào)運(yùn)問題進(jìn)行了定量分析,應(yīng)用遺傳算法來求解海運(yùn)空箱調(diào)運(yùn)模型,結(jié)合實(shí)例對空箱調(diào)運(yùn)產(chǎn)生的綜合費(fèi)用進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析比較。通過對兩種調(diào)箱策略的比較結(jié)果說明,在貿(mào)易平衡模式下,固定目的港策略略有優(yōu)勢,但在常見的貿(mào)易不平衡模式中,不確定目的港策略無論在何種空箱需求分布下優(yōu)勢都更加明顯。通過對中國沿海港口間空箱調(diào)運(yùn)的計算分析表明,應(yīng)用遺傳算法對海運(yùn)空箱調(diào)運(yùn)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行求解是可行的,可以快速、合理地確定空箱調(diào)運(yùn)最優(yōu)的數(shù)量、地點(diǎn)以及時間,具有一定的實(shí)用參考價值,值得深入研究。
[Abstract]:The imbalance of economic development leads to the imbalance of trade flow, which makes the supply and demand of empty container unsymmetrical, so the empty container transportation is produced, which is one of the important problems that puzzles the development and operation of shipping enterprises. Therefore, it is very important for all shipping enterprises to optimize the empty container transportation effectively, organize and allocate the empty container flow effectively, and reduce the cost of empty container transportation. The problem of empty container dispatching has been paid more and more attention to by academia and shipping enterprises, and has been studied accordingly. However, at present, most shipping companies use the method of empirical scheduling. With the development of container transportation practice and the passage of time, it is necessary to put forward the theory of empty container transportation, which is more in line with the actual container transportation network. The main contents of this paper are as follows: starting with the process of container circulation, the empty container dispatching system is defined, and the empty container dispatching problem is divided into land empty container dispatching and sea empty container dispatching. This paper focuses on the study of marine empty container dispatching system, which is more complex than the land empty container dispatching system. It is analyzed in detail from the aspects of system composition, empty container demand and supply. Based on the existing research results, a new tank shunting strategy is proposed for the traditional fixed port of destination strategy: uncertain destination port strategy. When the empty container is loaded, the destination port is not determined, and when the next port is reached, the unloading quantity is determined according to the demand. Aiming at two different shunting strategies, mathematical models aiming at minimum integrated transportation cost are established respectively. Then the paper makes a quantitative analysis of the problem of empty container transportation which has been puzzling shipping companies for a long time, applies genetic algorithm to solve the model of empty container transportation, and makes a detailed analysis and comparison of the comprehensive cost of empty container transportation with examples. The results show that the fixed port strategy has some advantages in the trade balance mode, but in the common trade imbalance mode, the fixed port strategy has some advantages. Uncertain destination port strategy is more obvious under any empty box demand distribution. The calculation and analysis of empty container transportation between Chinese coastal ports show that it is feasible to use genetic algorithm to solve the empty container transportation system, and the optimal quantity, location and time of empty container transportation can be determined quickly and reasonably. It has certain practical reference value and is worthy of further study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F253.4;F552

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