發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-28 20:50

  本文選題：PPP模式 + 高速鐵路�。� 參考：《東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：鐵路是重要的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,在我國(guó)交通體系中占有重要地位。隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的高速發(fā)展,我國(guó)鐵路運(yùn)輸供不應(yīng)求的事實(shí)日趨顯現(xiàn)。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)從1978年至2010年我國(guó)鐵路營(yíng)運(yùn)里程年均增長(zhǎng)率僅為1.8%,這遠(yuǎn)落后于我國(guó)GDP的增長(zhǎng)。為了緩解這種供求失衡的局面,我國(guó)大力發(fā)展高速鐵路建設(shè)。在短短幾年里,我國(guó)高速鐵路立足于自主創(chuàng)新,實(shí)現(xiàn)了跨越式發(fā)展,無(wú)論是高速鐵路營(yíng)運(yùn)里程還是高速鐵路技術(shù)方面,我國(guó)均居于世界前列。預(yù)計(jì)到2012年,我國(guó)鐵路營(yíng)業(yè)里程將達(dá)到11萬(wàn)公里以上,其中新建高速鐵路將達(dá)到1.3萬(wàn)公里。但是由于我國(guó)鐵路建設(shè)資金來(lái)源單一,主要以國(guó)家財(cái)政資金和債務(wù)資金為主,而高速鐵路建設(shè)成本高昂,每公里造價(jià)高達(dá)億元以上,我國(guó)高速鐵路建設(shè)資金供求矛盾日益凸顯,巨量資金缺口將阻礙我國(guó)高速鐵路的發(fā)展。 我國(guó)是一個(gè)高儲(chǔ)蓄率的國(guó)家,伴隨著居民收入水平的不斷提高,我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)居民存款也會(huì)大幅度增長(zhǎng)。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),截止到2011年末,我國(guó)全部金融機(jī)構(gòu)本外幣存款余額為82.7萬(wàn)億人民幣。若能將充足的民間資本引入到我國(guó)高速鐵路項(xiàng)目中,我國(guó)高速鐵路建設(shè)資金不足的問(wèn)題便能得到緩解。而PPP模式可以實(shí)現(xiàn)民間資本與高速鐵路建設(shè)之間的對(duì)接。PPP模式是指政府公共部門(mén)與私人部門(mén)為提供公共產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)而建立的某一種合作伙伴關(guān)系。通過(guò)PPP模式,將私營(yíng)企業(yè)和民間資本引入到我國(guó)高速鐵路建設(shè)中,這樣不僅能解決我國(guó)高速鐵路建設(shè)資金不足的問(wèn)題,而且還能利用私營(yíng)企業(yè)先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和管理方法來(lái)提升我國(guó)高速鐵路的運(yùn)營(yíng)效率,提高社會(huì)資源的利用率。因此,將PPP模式應(yīng)用到我國(guó)高速鐵路項(xiàng)目中具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文共分為五大部分,各部分的內(nèi)容包括： 第一部分：緒論。介紹本文的研究背景、研究意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀以及本文的研究思路與框架結(jié)構(gòu)。 第二部分：基本概念及相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)。包括PPP模式的涵義、PPP模式的特點(diǎn)和PPP模式的運(yùn)作思路以及PPP模式應(yīng)用于高速鐵路建設(shè)的理論基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分：PPP模式在高速鐵路建設(shè)中應(yīng)用的必要性和可行性分析。必要性主要從兩方面進(jìn)行分析：一是從高速鐵路建設(shè)資金的供給與需求角度,二是從風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制和資源配置方面�？尚行灾饕獜娜矫鎭�(lái)分析：一是充足的民間資本,二是良好的政策環(huán)境,三是基于合作理念的“雙贏”或“多贏”機(jī)制。 第四部分：國(guó)外高速鐵路應(yīng)用PPP模式的現(xiàn)狀及對(duì)我國(guó)的啟示。首先介紹了日本、法國(guó)、美國(guó)和西班牙四個(gè)國(guó)家國(guó)內(nèi)高速鐵路PPP模式應(yīng)用的現(xiàn)狀。接著歸納了運(yùn)作高速鐵路PPP項(xiàng)目成熟的這些國(guó)家經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)我國(guó)的啟示：融資渠道的多元化、規(guī)范的法律法規(guī)、政企分離和路網(wǎng)分離、平等原則選擇合作對(duì)象。 第五部分：PPP模式在我國(guó)高速鐵路建設(shè)中的運(yùn)作方式、障礙及建議。首先介紹了PPP模式下的八種運(yùn)作模式,并從適用范圍和政府參與程度兩方面做了比較,在結(jié)合我國(guó)國(guó)情下指出了我國(guó)高速鐵路項(xiàng)目適合的具體模式；接著分析了PPP模式在我國(guó)高速鐵路建設(shè)應(yīng)用中的障礙：私營(yíng)企業(yè)的顧慮、法律障礙、鐵路系統(tǒng)政企不分和專業(yè)人才與機(jī)構(gòu)的缺乏；最后提出了六條相應(yīng)的政策建議,比如建立健全相關(guān)法律法規(guī)、加快鐵路投融資體制改革和鐵路管理體制改革等等。
[Abstract]:Railway is an important infrastructure and occupies an important position in the transportation system of our country. With the rapid development of our country's economy and society, the fact that the supply of railway transportation is not in short supply is becoming more and more obvious. According to statistics, the annual average growth rate of railway operation in China from 1978 to 2010 is only 1.8%, which is far behind the growth of GDP in China. In the situation of imbalance between supply and demand, China has vigorously developed the construction of high-speed railway. In a few short years, China's high-speed railway is based on independent innovation and has achieved leapfrog development. Both the high speed railway and high-speed railway technology are in the forefront of the world. It is expected that by 2012, the railway operating mileage of our country will reach 110 thousand kilometers. On the other hand, the new high speed railway will reach 13 thousand kilometers. However, because of the single source of capital in China's railway construction, the main financial capital and debt capital are the state finance, and the high speed railway construction cost is high and the cost per kilometre is above billion yuan. The contradiction between the supply and demand of the high speed railway construction in China is becoming increasingly prominent, and the huge amount of funds will be blocked. The development of China's high speed railway.
China is a country with high savings rate. With the continuous improvement of residents' income level, China's urban and rural residents' deposits will increase greatly. According to statistics, by the end of 2011, the balance of foreign currency deposits of all financial institutions in China is 82 trillion and 700 billion RMB. The problem of insufficient funds for high speed railway construction can be alleviated. The PPP model can realize the docking.PPP model between private capital and high speed railway construction, which refers to a certain partnership between the public sector and the private sector for the provision of public goods or services. Through the PPP model, private enterprises and private capital are introduced. In the construction of China's high speed railway, it can not only solve the problem of insufficient funds for the construction of high speed railway in our country, but also can use advanced technology and management methods of private enterprises to improve the operation efficiency of China's high speed railway and improve the utilization of social resources. Therefore, the application of PPP model to China's high speed railway project is heavy. The realistic meaning of it.
This article is divided into five parts.
The first part: introduction. It introduces the research background, significance, research status at home and abroad, and the framework and structure of the research.
The second part: the basic concept and the related theoretical basis, including the meaning of the PPP model, the characteristics of the PPP model and the operation ideas of the PPP mode, as well as the theoretical basis of the application of the PPP model to the construction of high speed railway.
The third part: the necessity and feasibility analysis of the application of PPP mode in the construction of high speed railway. The necessity is mainly analyzed from two aspects: first, from the angle of the supply and demand of the construction funds of the high speed railway, the two is from the risk control and the allocation of resources. The feasibility is mainly analyzed from the three sides: the first is the sufficient folk capital, two It is a good policy environment, and the three is a win-win or multi win mechanism based on the concept of cooperation.
The fourth part: the present situation of the application of PPP mode in foreign high speed railway and the enlightenment to our country. First, it introduces the current situation of the application of the PPP mode of high speed railway in Japan, France, the United States and Spain. Then the Enlightenment of these national experiences on the operation of the mature PPP project of the high speed railway is summed up: the diversification of the financing channels and the regulation of the financing channels. Fan's laws and regulations, separation of government from enterprises and separation of road network, and principle of equality choose partners.
The fifth part: the operation mode of PPP mode in China's high speed railway construction, obstacles and suggestions. First, it introduces eight modes of operation under the mode of PPP, and compares the application range and the two aspects of the government participation, and points out the specific mode suitable for the high-speed railway project in our country, and then analyzes the PPP model. The obstacles in the construction and application of the high speed railway in China: the concerns of the private enterprises, the legal obstacles, the lack of the railway system and the lack of professional talents and institutions; finally, six corresponding policy suggestions are put forward, such as establishing and improving the relevant laws and regulations, speeding up the reform of the railway investment and financing system and the reform of the railway management system and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F283;F532

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