本文選題：收費公路 + 收費公路運營�。� 參考：《天津師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀80年代初,國務(wù)院提出了“貸款修路,收費還貸”的收費公路政策,這一政策的出臺解決了當時公路等交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)資金不足的問題,也標志著收費公路在我國的興起。隨著改革開放的不斷深入,歷經(jīng)30多年的不斷發(fā)展,收費公路在帶動我國整個社會生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的同時也產(chǎn)生了一系列問題。 我國政府對收費公路運營的管理主要分為宏觀和微觀兩個方面。宏觀方面主要是政府通過制定一系列的法規(guī)和政策,來協(xié)調(diào)收費公路產(chǎn)業(yè)和其他各個產(chǎn)業(yè)之間的關(guān)系。微觀方面是政府利用行政權(quán)力對收費公路的運營進行直接干預,包括：市場進入規(guī)制、市場結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)制、收費標準規(guī)制和服務(wù)質(zhì)量規(guī)制。政府是收費公路的監(jiān)管主體,我國收費公路的管理存在政企、政事不分,管理機構(gòu)職能履行混亂,管理效率低下,缺乏服務(wù)意識和嚴格的監(jiān)管機制等問題。 美國和日本兩個國家的收費公路發(fā)展比較完善,有許多值得我們借鑒的經(jīng)驗。這兩個國家的政府在收費公路的運營中主要起到規(guī)范、主導和調(diào)控的作用,而且他們都擁有一套完善的法律法規(guī)體系,這些都為收費公路的良好運營提供了保障。因此,在改革我國政府對收費公路運營進行管理的過程中,政府要明確好自身的職能,不斷完善相關(guān)法律法規(guī),嚴格控制好收費公路的經(jīng)營權(quán),還要針對不同種類的收費公路進行多元化和層次化的管理。另外,政府還應(yīng)在監(jiān)管過程中引入公民參與機制,加強對收費公路運營過程的監(jiān)管。
[Abstract]:In the early 1980s, the State Council put forward a toll road policy of "building roads with loans and paying back loans." this policy solved the problem of insufficient funds for the construction of transport infrastructure such as highways. It also marks the rise of toll roads in China. With the deepening of reform and opening up, after more than 30 years of continuous development, toll roads not only drive the development of the entire social productive forces in China, but also produce a series of problems. Our government's management of toll road operation is divided into macro and micro aspects. Macroscopical aspect is that the government makes a series of laws and policies to coordinate the relationship between toll road industry and other industries. The micro aspect is that the government directly interferes with the operation of toll roads by using administrative power, including: market entry regulation, market structure regulation, charge standard regulation and service quality regulation. The government is the main body of supervision of toll roads. There are some problems in the management of toll roads in our country, such as government and enterprise, no separation of government and affairs, confusion of the functions of management organizations, low efficiency of management, lack of service consciousness and strict supervision mechanism, etc. The development of toll roads in the United States and Japan is relatively perfect, and there are many experiences that we should learn from. The governments of these two countries mainly play a normative, leading and regulating role in the operation of toll roads, and they both have a set of perfect laws and regulations system, which provide a guarantee for the good operation of toll roads. Therefore, in the process of reforming our government's management of toll road operation, the government should clearly define its own functions, constantly improve relevant laws and regulations, and strictly control the operating right of toll roads. But also for different types of toll roads for diversification and hierarchical management. In addition, the government should introduce citizen participation mechanism in the process of supervision and strengthen the supervision of toll road operation.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F542

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