本文選題：交通運(yùn)輸　切入點(diǎn)：能源效率　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：能源是整個(gè)世界發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的最基本的驅(qū)動(dòng)力,而交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)的發(fā)展同樣必須以能源作為支撐。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)取得了很大成就,但這是以消耗一定的能源為代價(jià)的,面對(duì)日益嚴(yán)峻的能源形勢(shì),交通運(yùn)輸能源效率及節(jié)能問(wèn)題的研究顯得尤為重要。 論文首先基于生產(chǎn)函數(shù)理論探討了交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)能源要素的投入對(duì)運(yùn)輸周轉(zhuǎn)量產(chǎn)出的影響,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)從產(chǎn)出的角度來(lái)看我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)能源效率是逐漸升高的；其次,以1990～2010年交通運(yùn)輸投入產(chǎn)出數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),利用考慮能源消費(fèi)替代彈性的交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)能源效率測(cè)算模型對(duì)過(guò)去20余年里我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸?shù)哪茉葱蔬M(jìn)行了測(cè)算,結(jié)果表明我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)的能源效率整體水平較高,技術(shù)條件在短期內(nèi)不是實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能的關(guān)鍵因素。據(jù)此,論文又利用客、貨運(yùn)輸能耗分解模型展開(kāi)了交通運(yùn)輸能耗影響因素的探討,結(jié)果顯示,運(yùn)輸周轉(zhuǎn)量的增長(zhǎng)是交通運(yùn)輸能耗增加的主要推動(dòng)力。最后,論文對(duì)客、貨運(yùn)輸“三因素”分別設(shè)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)情景方案和節(jié)能情景方案,在交通運(yùn)輸能耗分解模型的基礎(chǔ)上,分別計(jì)算了2020-2030年節(jié)能情景方案相對(duì)于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)情景方案我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸?shù)墓?jié)能潛力。研究結(jié)果表明,通過(guò)適當(dāng)減少運(yùn)輸周轉(zhuǎn)量、優(yōu)化運(yùn)輸結(jié)構(gòu)和降低運(yùn)輸能耗強(qiáng)度,預(yù)計(jì)2020年、2030年我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸將實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能11198.7萬(wàn)噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤、17864.6萬(wàn)噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤,其中貨物運(yùn)輸占80%～85%左右,客運(yùn)占15%～20%左右,貨運(yùn)是實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸節(jié)能的主要方面。
[Abstract]:Energy is the most basic driving force for the development and economic growth of the whole world, and the development of transportation industry must also be supported by energy.Since the reform and opening up, China's transportation industry has made great achievements, but this is at the cost of consuming a certain amount of energy. In the face of the increasingly severe energy situation, the research on energy efficiency and energy saving of transportation is particularly important.Firstly, based on the theory of production function, the paper discusses the influence of energy input of transportation on the output of transportation, and finds that the energy efficiency of transportation in China is increasing from the point of view of output.Based on the input-output data of transportation from 1990 to 2010, the energy efficiency of transportation in China in the past 20 years has been measured by using the energy efficiency model considering the elasticity of energy consumption.The results show that the energy efficiency of transportation industry in China is relatively high, and the technical condition is not the key factor to realize energy saving in the short term.Based on this, the paper discusses the influence factors of transportation energy consumption by using passenger and freight transport energy consumption decomposition model. The results show that the increase of transportation turnover is the main driving force of transportation energy consumption increase.Finally, the paper sets up standard scenario scheme and energy-saving scenario scheme for passenger and freight transportation "three factors", on the basis of decomposing model of transportation energy consumption,The energy saving potential of 2020-2030 energy saving scenario is calculated in comparison with the standard scenario in China.The results show that by appropriately reducing transportation turnover, optimizing transport structure and reducing transport energy intensity, it is estimated that by 2020 and 2030, China's transportation will achieve energy saving of 111.987 million tons of standard coal and 178.646 million tons of standard coal, of which about 80% of them will be transported by goods.Passenger transportation accounts for 15%, freight is the main aspect of energy saving.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F512;F206

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