發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-23 03:12

  本文選題：城市客運(yùn)　切入點(diǎn)：能源消耗　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：如今,治理“大城市病”已經(jīng)上升為國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略。其中,城市交通又因其對(duì)城市居民生活帶來(lái)的擁堵、能耗、污染問(wèn)題,成為社會(huì)各界迫切希望改善的焦點(diǎn)。政府和學(xué)術(shù)界以解決交通擁堵為重點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)了諸多方案。然而,由于社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)移,除了交通擁堵問(wèn)題之外,耗能帶來(lái)的污染問(wèn)題近期也被頻繁提及�，F(xiàn)有的方案因缺乏結(jié)構(gòu)性數(shù)據(jù)和動(dòng)態(tài)政策模擬系統(tǒng),無(wú)法針對(duì)能耗污染問(wèn)題形成有針對(duì)性的政策,治理效果不明顯。本研究依托北京市財(cái)政立項(xiàng),在北京科學(xué)技術(shù)研究院及各學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)配合下,為解決城市交通能耗污染問(wèn)題提供了良好的框架和方案。研究中,以北京市交通數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),構(gòu)建了基于北京市城市能源消耗結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)態(tài)分析模型,定量的分析社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、居民出行結(jié)構(gòu)變化、政府宏觀政策措施對(duì)特大型城市客運(yùn)交通能耗及排放的影響。既為宏觀政策的改善效果定量提供依據(jù),同時(shí)又能夠?yàn)檎咔榫暗哪M提供了工具。在實(shí)際研究過(guò)程中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)有的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)無(wú)法對(duì)模型的結(jié)構(gòu)性數(shù)據(jù)需求進(jìn)行支撐,所以使用了結(jié)構(gòu)性拆分的方法,將統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)拆分至合理的粒度。同時(shí)為了反映路網(wǎng)速度對(duì)能耗的影響,我們通過(guò)SCF綜合修正式,將標(biāo)稱能耗及排放和實(shí)際能耗及排放對(duì)接起來(lái)。研究認(rèn)為：在北京市城市客運(yùn)需求量逐年上升大背景下,大力發(fā)展公共交通,特別是軌道交通,限制企事業(yè)單位及私人小轎車的增長(zhǎng)速度對(duì)于能源消耗作用顯著；同時(shí),改善客運(yùn)交通能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu),積極促進(jìn)新能源交通工具的更新?lián)Q代,對(duì)大幅降低污染物排放有著很直觀的效果。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, tackling the "disease of big cities" has become a national strategy. Among them, urban traffic has brought congestion, energy consumption and pollution problems to the lives of urban residents. The government and academia have designed many solutions to solve traffic congestion. However, due to the shift of social hot spots, in addition to traffic congestion, The problem of pollution caused by energy consumption has also been frequently mentioned recently. Due to the lack of structural data and dynamic policy simulation system, existing schemes are unable to form targeted policies on energy consumption pollution. The research, supported by the Beijing Institute of Science and Technology and the cooperation of various academic institutions, provides a good framework and scheme for solving the problem of urban traffic energy consumption pollution. Based on the traffic data of Beijing, a dynamic analysis model based on the urban energy consumption structure in Beijing is constructed to quantitatively analyze the social and economic development and the changes of the residents' travel structure. The influence of government macro policy measures on energy consumption and emission of passenger transport in super large cities. It not only provides quantitative basis for the improvement effect of macro policy, but also provides a tool for simulation of policy scenarios. We find that the existing statistical data can not support the structural data demand of the model, so we use the structural split method to split the statistical data to a reasonable granularity, and to reflect the impact of road network speed on energy consumption. Through the comprehensive revision of SCF, we connect nominal energy consumption and emission with actual energy consumption and emission. The research holds that: under the background of the increasing demand for urban passenger transport in Beijing year by year, public transport, especially rail transit, should be vigorously developed. Limiting the growth rate of enterprises, institutions and private cars plays a significant role in energy consumption; at the same time, improving the structure of energy consumption in passenger transport and actively promoting the upgrading of new energy vehicles, It has direct effect on reducing pollutant emission greatly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F572;F206

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本文編號(hào)：1651632