本文選題：中外聯(lián)營體　切入點：實施海外項目　出處：《吉林大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本論文的研究對象是實施國際工程項目的中外聯(lián)營體組織模式。作者從研究背景和提出問題開始，采用SWOT分析、對比分析、專家調查、案例分析、項目管理理論分析、宏觀分析與微觀分析相結合等方法，綜合分析了中國承包商承包國際工程的優(yōu)勢、劣勢、機會、威脅，總結論述了組建中外聯(lián)營體的必要性、優(yōu)劣、特點、分類、運作流程等一般特征；從項目任務是否分工管理角度劃分聯(lián)營體模式為分工管理型、共同管理型、沉默伙伴型三種類型，，或者從聯(lián)營約束條件和運作方式角度劃分聯(lián)營體模式為公司型、合伙型、合同型三種類型。指出了聯(lián)營體與聯(lián)合體概念含義的本質區(qū)別。揭示出中外聯(lián)營體運作的工作原則、管理要點和注意事項；并以一個非洲某機場跑道擴建項目作為案例研究，說明了中外聯(lián)營體的深層次內涵是文化（包括國家文化、企業(yè)文化）的趨同，實施海外項目的過程就是跨文化溝通、交流、融合的過程；在中外聯(lián)營體模式承包國際工程所面臨的風險中，業(yè)主現(xiàn)金流問題、部分聯(lián)營協(xié)議條款爭議、合作伙伴管理不善和投入不足、各方雇員彼此不信任和文化沖突、語言障礙是需要重點防范的風險;詳細分析了跨文化溝通管理、組織機構和人力資源管理、風險管理、財務管理、員工屬地化管理等中外聯(lián)營體實施國際項目的關鍵環(huán)節(jié)及相應措施，指出了影響中外聯(lián)營體成功的重要因素，并給出了中國承包商成功運作中外聯(lián)營體模式的策略和建議。國際工程項目的復雜性和強制性要求是組成中外聯(lián)營體的現(xiàn)實需要。聯(lián)營戰(zhàn)略源自于商務運作上的考慮，進而形成為更高層次的競爭戰(zhàn)略。中外聯(lián)營體組織結構可以對接國際工作習慣和管理方式，與項目各方順暢溝通，能較好地適應工程所在國市場環(huán)境。建立有效的溝通制度和編制溝通計劃，實現(xiàn)良好順暢地跨文化溝通是保證中外聯(lián)營體順利實現(xiàn)目標的首要關鍵因素。中外聯(lián)營體要特別重視強化人力資源管理，明確崗位職責，制定統(tǒng)一的薪酬標準和管理制度，提前編制職員管理計劃。一名合格的項目經理尤其是中外聯(lián)營體運作成功的關鍵因素之一。加強國際化人才培養(yǎng)，重點培養(yǎng)懂外語、通商務、懂技術、會管理的復合型人才，加大精通國際工程管理、熟悉國際規(guī)則的管理、技術、商務、法律、財務、合同、索賠等專業(yè)人才儲備，優(yōu)化人力資源配置。財務管理是中外聯(lián)營體管理的核心環(huán)節(jié)。中外聯(lián)營體要從建立財務規(guī)章制度入手，針對聯(lián)營體自身的特點創(chuàng)造性地制訂相應的財務管理制度和辦法，以保障項目資金運轉。中外聯(lián)營體應積極推行員工屬地化管理，最大限度地使用和培訓當?shù)貏趧恿�，為當�(shù)卣謸鐣熑�。這樣既可以降低人工成本、減少費用支出，又可以和諧融洽周邊關系，樹立良好品牌形象，提升公司美譽度，為企業(yè)開拓市場和擴大經營規(guī)模創(chuàng)造有利條件。中國承包商要清醒地認識到參與國際市場競爭的短板和管理國際工程能力的不足，勇于改變既有的傳統(tǒng)模式，建立與國際接軌的制度體系，逐步摸索出一套符合國際市場的、行之有效的管理模式,以增強企業(yè)的競爭能力。中國承包商應主動適應國際市場競爭的需求,積極在國外尋求實力強大的合作伙伴，加強對不同專業(yè)領域合作伙伴的儲備、比選和評估，建立以聯(lián)營合作為基礎的戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟，通過國際化的資源整合來實現(xiàn)最有效的資源配置和達到最優(yōu)的市場效率，憑借強援，借力打拼，加速海外公司的國際化進程,實現(xiàn)長遠持續(xù)發(fā)展。在國際合作中既要推進中國企業(yè)文化建設，又要強化跨文化溝通管理，樹立中國公司經濟實力雄厚、技術先進可靠、履約信譽良好、工資福利穩(wěn)定、承擔社會責任、環(huán)保持續(xù)發(fā)展的良好企業(yè)形象。中國承包商應積極尋求最佳的資源整合模式，從實體的聯(lián)營體模式向虛擬的企業(yè)組織模式發(fā)展，不斷提高中國承包商進行國際工程項目管理的適應性和創(chuàng)新性。本篇論文為中國承包商采用中外聯(lián)營體模式開拓海外市場和實施國際工程項目提供了有益的啟示。
[Abstract]:The research object of this thesis is a Sino foreign joint venture organization mode of the implementation of international projects. The author starts from the research background and put forward the question, using the SWOT analysis, comparative analysis, case analysis, expert survey analysis, project management theory, combining macro analysis and micro analysis methods, a comprehensive analysis of international engineering contractors Chinese advantage, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, the paper summarizes the formation of the camp outreach necessity, quality, characteristics, classification, general characteristics of operation process; whether the task from the project management point of division of division of division of management mode with business management type, common type, the silent partner of three types, or from the associated constraints and the mode of operation of joint venture mode for the company, partnership, contract type three types. It is pointed out that the joint venture and the Commonwealth of the meaning of the concept of the essence of Chinese and foreign joint venture reveals the distinction. The working principle of operation and management of key points and matters needing attention; and an African airport runway expansion project as a case study, illustrates the deep connotation of the cultural outreach camp body (including the national culture, enterprise culture) convergence, implementation process of overseas project is a cross-cultural communication, exchange and fusion process; risks in international engineering contracting camp outreach model of owners of cash flow problems, part of an agreement in terms of dispute, partner of mismanagement and lack of investment, all employees don't trust each other and cultural conflicts, the language barrier is to focus on the prevention of risk; a detailed analysis of the cross culture communication and organization and human resources management, risk management, financial management, key staff of territorial management in the implementation of the international project management body outreach and corresponding measures, pointed out the influence of Sino foreign joint venture into An important factor in the work, and gives the strategies and suggestions for successful operation in the camp China outreach contractor model. The complexity of international engineering projects and the mandatory requirement is the need in reality. The camp outside the joint venture strategy is derived from the business operational considerations, and then formed into a higher level of competition strategy. Sino foreign joint venture organization the structure can docking international work habits and methods of management, and project communication, can better adapt to the market environment in China. The establishment of effective communication system and the establishment of communication plan, to achieve a good smooth cross-cultural communication is the key factor to ensure the smooth realization of the goals of the Sino foreign joint venture. Sino foreign joint venture should pay special attention to strengthening human resources management, clear job responsibilities, establish a unified compensation standard and management system, staff management planning in advance. A qualified project manager. It is one of the key factors for successful operation of Chinese foreignpartners joint venture. To strengthen international personnel training, focus on training understand a foreign language, business, technology, talents management, increase the knowledge of international project management, familiar with the international rules of management, technology, business, law, finance, contract, claims and other professional talent reserve, optimization the allocation of human resources. Financial management is the core part of Sino foreign joint venture management. Sino foreign joint venture should start from the establishment of financial regulations, the creative characteristics of antithetical couplet body itself to the camp pin to formulate the corresponding financial management system and measures, to ensure project funding operation. Sino foreign joint venture should actively implement the staff of territorial management, maximize use and training of local labor, share the social responsibility for the local government. It can not only reduce labor costs, reduce costs, and establish a good harmonious surrounding relationship. The brand image, enhance the company's reputation, for enterprises to develop new markets and expand business scale and create favorable conditions. Chinese contractor must clearly recognize the lack of short board and management of international project to participate in international market competition, the courage to change the existing traditional mode, establish the system in line with international standards, and gradually find out a line with the international market the effective management mode, to enhance the competition ability of the enterprise. Chinese contractor should take the initiative to adapt to international competition in the market demand, and actively seek a strong partner in foreign countries, strengthen the different professional field partner selection and evaluation, reserves, build a strategic alliance with the joint venture cooperation as the foundation, through the integration of resources internationalization to achieve the optimal allocation of resources and market efficiency, the most effective with reinforcements, leveraging the work, accelerate the process of internationalization of overseas companies , to achieve long-term sustainable development. In the international cooperation to promote Chinese enterprise culture construction, but also to strengthen the cross-cultural communication management, establish China company has strong economic strength, advanced technology and reliable performance, good reputation, stable wages and benefits, social responsibility, environmental protection and sustainable development of good corporate image. Chinese contractor should actively seek the mode of resources the best integration, from the joint venture entity model to the development of enterprise organization model in virtual, and constantly improve the Chinese contractors in international engineering project management adaptability and innovation. This paper is used in China contractor outreach pool model to open up overseas market and the implementation of the international engineering project provides a useful inspiration.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F542;F272

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