本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力提升的新興港口發(fā)展策略研究　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 新興港口 SWOT 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力 LOGIT 發(fā)展策略

【摘要】：港口作為水陸運(yùn)輸連接點(diǎn),在交通運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)中起著重要的作用,對(duì)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的貢獻(xiàn)巨大。2006年,我國中央政府頒布了國家級(jí)的《全國沿海港口布局規(guī)劃》,它對(duì)中國沿海所有港口的空間分布進(jìn)行了規(guī)劃,明確指出：中國將以大連、天津、青島等9大港為主,加快發(fā)展沿海支線和喂給港的集裝箱運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)。然而,在推出4萬億經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃的背景下,部分新興港口所在地的地方政府過高地估計(jì)了其港口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,制定了不切實(shí)際的集裝箱港口發(fā)展目標(biāo),即以區(qū)域甚至全國性的大港為目標(biāo),這與《全國沿海港口布局規(guī)劃》制定的港口發(fā)展策略存在錯(cuò)位,導(dǎo)致局部區(qū)域港口功能重復(fù),其后果是區(qū)域性中小港口能力利用的不均衡。新興港口的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力普遍不強(qiáng),如何抓住機(jī)遇,科學(xué)發(fā)展是亟需解決的問題。 在此背景下,本文首先闡述了我國港口總體發(fā)展趨勢(shì),進(jìn)行了新興港口發(fā)展的差異化分析,并運(yùn)用SWOT分析法對(duì)新興港口面臨的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)、機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)進(jìn)行分析,為港口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的研究作鋪墊。 其次,在國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)深入分析的基礎(chǔ)上,從港口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的相關(guān)概念、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)產(chǎn)生原因、港口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)分類等方面介紹港口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力內(nèi)涵,闡述我國港口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的具體內(nèi)容及特點(diǎn)。在海運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)流程和決策問題分析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力相關(guān)理論,探索港口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的本質(zhì)和影響港口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的要素。 最后,本文構(gòu)建了一個(gè)衡量港口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的陸側(cè)全過程廣義費(fèi)用函數(shù),該函數(shù)全面考慮了陸側(cè)作業(yè)流程,包括通關(guān)及檢驗(yàn)檢疫過程、運(yùn)輸過程、港口裝卸過程以及等船過程；在此基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用非集計(jì)模型,建立了港口市場(chǎng)份額的計(jì)算方法,較為客觀地反映了港口對(duì)陸側(cè)貨物的吸引情況；之后,對(duì)中國東南沿海某新興港口與既有港口的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)行比較分析。結(jié)果顯示,在船期服務(wù)頻率、通關(guān)效率、裝卸效率、陸側(cè)運(yùn)輸?shù)扔绊懸蛩刂?船期服務(wù)頻率、通關(guān)效率及陸側(cè)運(yùn)輸時(shí)間和費(fèi)用對(duì)該新興港口市場(chǎng)份額的影響較大,而港口裝卸效率等因素的影響相對(duì)較小。本文提出,新興港口僅靠優(yōu)化某一因素變量難以獲得較高的市場(chǎng)份額,新興港口應(yīng)有適合自身實(shí)際情況的發(fā)展策略。
[Abstract]:Port, as a land and water transportation connection point, plays an important role in the transportation network and contributes a lot to the national economy. 2006. China's central government has promulgated the National Coastal Port layout Plan, which plans the spatial distribution of all the ports along the coast of China, and points out clearly that China will take Dalian and Tianjin. Qingdao and other nine major ports to speed up the development of coastal feeder and feed port container transport system. However, in the context of the 4 tillion economic stimulus package. The local governments of some emerging ports overestimated their port competitiveness and formulated unrealistic container port development goals, namely, targeting regional and even national large ports. This with the "National Coastal Port layout Plan" formulated the port development strategy misplaced, resulting in local regional port function duplication. The result is the imbalance in the utilization of the capacity of the regional small and medium-sized ports, and the competitiveness of the new ports is generally not strong. How to seize the opportunity, scientific development is the urgent problem to be solved. Under this background, this article first elaborated our country port general development tendency, carried on the emerging port development difference analysis, and uses the SWOT analytic method to the emerging port to face the superiority and the inferiority. Opportunities and challenges are analyzed to pave the way for the study of port competitiveness. Secondly, on the basis of in-depth analysis of relevant literature at home and abroad, this paper introduces the connotation of port competitiveness from the related concepts of port competitiveness, the causes of competition, the classification of port competition, and so on. Based on the analysis of maritime business process and decision making, the essence of port competition and the factors affecting port competitiveness are explored in combination with the theory of competitiveness. Finally, this paper constructs a generalized cost function to measure the competitiveness of the port. The function takes into account the operation flow of the land side, including customs clearance, inspection and quarantine process, transportation process. Port loading and unloading process and waiting for ship process; On this basis, the calculation method of port market share is established by using disaggregate model, which objectively reflects the attraction of port to land side cargo. After that, the competitiveness of a new port along the southeast coast of China is compared with that of the existing port. The results show that these factors are the frequency of shipping service, the efficiency of customs clearance, the efficiency of loading and unloading, the land side transportation and so on. The frequency of shipping service, the efficiency of customs clearance, the time and cost of land side transportation have a great influence on the market share of the new port, while the factors of port loading and unloading efficiency are relatively small. It is difficult to obtain a higher market share by optimizing one factor variable, and the new port should have a development strategy suitable to its own actual situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F552

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