珠海某口岸進(jìn)口糕點(diǎn)餅干類食品安全狀況及監(jiān)管對(duì)策研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-24 08:23
【摘要】：以珠海某一口岸進(jìn)口糕點(diǎn)餅干類食品作為研究對(duì)象,通過現(xiàn)場查驗(yàn)與抽樣檢測(包括標(biāo)簽、理化、微生物等方面的指標(biāo))等手段,全面了解其安全衛(wèi)生狀況,發(fā)現(xiàn)問題并分析原因,對(duì)目前進(jìn)口食品檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管情況及存在的具體問題作進(jìn)一步的探討和研究,提出合適的檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管對(duì)策。對(duì)2013年6月至2014年5月進(jìn)口的816批次糕點(diǎn)餅干類食品進(jìn)行分析檢驗(yàn)(標(biāo)簽方面),涉及貿(mào)易國家(地區(qū))共15個(gè),重量2651噸,貨值677萬美元。檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果為:標(biāo)簽檢驗(yàn)不合格共153批次,不合格率18.7%,涉及貿(mào)易國家(地區(qū))共10個(gè),重量180.9噸,貨值70.4萬美元。不合格的原因有:未印有中文標(biāo)識(shí)或貨物包裝標(biāo)識(shí)不符合入境檢驗(yàn)要求。后續(xù)處理措施主要為在檢驗(yàn)檢疫局的監(jiān)管下企業(yè)加貼合格的中文標(biāo)簽。對(duì)進(jìn)口預(yù)包裝食品標(biāo)簽的檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管提出以下建議:(1)加強(qiáng)技術(shù)法規(guī)建設(shè),完善食品標(biāo)簽規(guī)范體系;(2)加強(qiáng)法規(guī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)培訓(xùn),提升食品標(biāo)簽質(zhì)量;(3)落實(shí)企業(yè)主體責(zé)任,依法處罰違法行為。對(duì)研究期間進(jìn)口的816批次糕點(diǎn)餅干類食品實(shí)行實(shí)驗(yàn)室抽批檢驗(yàn):理化項(xiàng)目包括酸價(jià)、過氧化值、總砷、鉛和黃曲霉毒素B1;微生物指標(biāo)包括菌落總數(shù)、大腸菌群、霉菌計(jì)數(shù)、致病菌(沙門氏菌、志賀氏菌、金黃色葡萄球菌);食品添加劑根據(jù)貨物實(shí)際情況主要檢測了防腐劑、抗氧化劑和著色劑。檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果為:不合格批次為11批次,不合格率為1.4%。涉及貿(mào)易國家有馬來西亞、菲律賓和印度尼西亞,重量為31.6噸,貨值6.7萬美元。不合格原因主要有:微生物項(xiàng)目不合格和食品添加劑超標(biāo)。后續(xù)處理措施主要有退貨處理和監(jiān)督銷毀。對(duì)2015年3至9月進(jìn)口的糕點(diǎn)餅干類食品隨機(jī)選取5個(gè)批次進(jìn)行以下項(xiàng)目的抽查檢測:苯甲酸、脫氫乙酸及其鈉鹽和富馬酸二甲酯(僅限糕點(diǎn))。檢測結(jié)果為:監(jiān)測樣品中的苯甲酸、脫氫乙酸及其鈉鹽和富馬酸二甲酯未發(fā)現(xiàn)不合格。通過問卷調(diào)查,對(duì)進(jìn)口食品企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)人食品安全態(tài)度行為進(jìn)行了解:大多數(shù)進(jìn)口食品企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)人掌握相關(guān)的食品安全知識(shí),重視進(jìn)口食品安全質(zhì)量,在新產(chǎn)品進(jìn)口前會(huì)對(duì)產(chǎn)品是否符合我國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了解。但調(diào)查也顯示,被調(diào)查對(duì)象對(duì)進(jìn)口食品中文標(biāo)簽的重視程度不夠。被調(diào)查對(duì)象愿意參加食品安全相關(guān)法律法規(guī)的學(xué)習(xí),提高業(yè)務(wù)水平,共同保障進(jìn)口食品安全。針對(duì)進(jìn)口食品檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管提出以下建議:“關(guān)口前移”,對(duì)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)實(shí)施注冊(cè)登記管理;加強(qiáng)進(jìn)出口企業(yè)的誠信管理,根據(jù)信用情況區(qū)別對(duì)待;完善相關(guān)法律法規(guī)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn),檢驗(yàn)檢疫部門依法行政;將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理應(yīng)用到進(jìn)口食品檢驗(yàn)監(jiān)管中,提高監(jiān)管效能;建立多部門合作機(jī)制,對(duì)進(jìn)口食品進(jìn)行有效監(jiān)管;做好法規(guī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)宣傳,引導(dǎo)消費(fèi)者正確識(shí)別合格進(jìn)口食品;落實(shí)不合格食品召回追溯制度,保障人民健康安全。
[Abstract]:Taking the pastry and biscuit foods imported from a certain port in Zhuhai as the research object, the safety and health status of the pastry and biscuit foods were fully understood by means of on-site inspection and sampling examination (including labelling, physicochemical, microbial indicators, etc.). To find out the problems and analyze the reasons, this paper makes a further discussion and study on the current situation of inspection and supervision of imported food and the concrete problems, and puts forward the appropriate countermeasures of inspection and supervision. The 816 batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported from June 2013 to May 2014 were analyzed and tested (labelling), involving 15 trading countries (regions) with a weight of 2651 tons and a value of $6.77 million. The result of the inspection is: a total of 153 batches of unqualified labels, with a failure rate of 18.7, involving 10 trading countries (regions), weighing 180.9 tons, and valuing US $704000. The reasons for nonconformity are: no Chinese mark or packing mark does not meet the requirements of entry inspection. The follow-up measures are to attach qualified Chinese labels to enterprises under the supervision of the Inspection and Quarantine Bureau. The following suggestions are put forward for the inspection and supervision of import prepackaged food labelling: (1) strengthening the construction of technical laws and regulations and perfecting the food labelling standard system; (2) strengthening the training of regulations and standards to improve the quality of food labelling; (3) implementing the main responsibility of enterprises, To punish illegal acts according to law. 816 batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported during the study period were tested by laboratory sampling: physical and chemical items included acid value, peroxide value, total arsenic, lead and aflatoxin B1; microbial indexes included total colony count, coliform bacteria, mold count, Pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus); food additives are mainly used to detect preservatives, antioxidants and coloring agents according to the actual condition of the goods. The results were as follows: 11 batches of unqualified batches and 1.4% of unqualified batches. The trading nations involved are Malaysia, the Philippines and Indonesia, weighing 31. 6 tons and worth $67000. The main reasons for non-qualification are: non-qualified microbial items and food additives exceed the standard. The follow-up treatment measures mainly include return handling and supervision and destruction. Five batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported from March to September 2015 were randomly selected for the following items: benzoic acid, dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt and dimethyl fumarate (pastry only). The results showed that there were no unqualified samples of benzoic acid, dehydroacetic acid, sodium salt and dimethyl fumarate. Through the questionnaire survey, the author makes a study of the food safety attitude and behavior of the import food enterprises' business leaders: most of the import food enterprises' business leaders have the relevant knowledge of food safety and attach importance to the quality of imported food safety. Before the new product is imported, we will understand whether the product conforms to our standards. However, the survey also showed that the subjects did not attach enough importance to the Chinese label of imported food. The investigated subjects are willing to participate in the study of food safety related laws and regulations, improve the business level, and jointly protect the import food safety. This paper puts forward the following suggestions for the inspection and supervision of imported food: "moving the gate forward", carrying out registration and registration administration for manufacturing enterprises, strengthening the integrity management of import and export enterprises, treating them differently according to the credit situation, perfecting relevant laws, regulations and standards, The inspection and quarantine department shall administer the administration according to law; apply risk management to the inspection and supervision of imported food, so as to improve the effectiveness of supervision; establish a multi-sector cooperation mechanism to effectively supervise imported food; and do a good job in publicizing laws and regulations and standards, Guide consumers to correctly identify eligible imported food, implement recall traceability system of unqualified food, and ensure people's health and safety.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F203;F426.82
本文編號(hào)：2290852
[Abstract]:Taking the pastry and biscuit foods imported from a certain port in Zhuhai as the research object, the safety and health status of the pastry and biscuit foods were fully understood by means of on-site inspection and sampling examination (including labelling, physicochemical, microbial indicators, etc.). To find out the problems and analyze the reasons, this paper makes a further discussion and study on the current situation of inspection and supervision of imported food and the concrete problems, and puts forward the appropriate countermeasures of inspection and supervision. The 816 batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported from June 2013 to May 2014 were analyzed and tested (labelling), involving 15 trading countries (regions) with a weight of 2651 tons and a value of $6.77 million. The result of the inspection is: a total of 153 batches of unqualified labels, with a failure rate of 18.7, involving 10 trading countries (regions), weighing 180.9 tons, and valuing US $704000. The reasons for nonconformity are: no Chinese mark or packing mark does not meet the requirements of entry inspection. The follow-up measures are to attach qualified Chinese labels to enterprises under the supervision of the Inspection and Quarantine Bureau. The following suggestions are put forward for the inspection and supervision of import prepackaged food labelling: (1) strengthening the construction of technical laws and regulations and perfecting the food labelling standard system; (2) strengthening the training of regulations and standards to improve the quality of food labelling; (3) implementing the main responsibility of enterprises, To punish illegal acts according to law. 816 batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported during the study period were tested by laboratory sampling: physical and chemical items included acid value, peroxide value, total arsenic, lead and aflatoxin B1; microbial indexes included total colony count, coliform bacteria, mold count, Pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus); food additives are mainly used to detect preservatives, antioxidants and coloring agents according to the actual condition of the goods. The results were as follows: 11 batches of unqualified batches and 1.4% of unqualified batches. The trading nations involved are Malaysia, the Philippines and Indonesia, weighing 31. 6 tons and worth $67000. The main reasons for non-qualification are: non-qualified microbial items and food additives exceed the standard. The follow-up treatment measures mainly include return handling and supervision and destruction. Five batches of pastry and biscuit foods imported from March to September 2015 were randomly selected for the following items: benzoic acid, dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt and dimethyl fumarate (pastry only). The results showed that there were no unqualified samples of benzoic acid, dehydroacetic acid, sodium salt and dimethyl fumarate. Through the questionnaire survey, the author makes a study of the food safety attitude and behavior of the import food enterprises' business leaders: most of the import food enterprises' business leaders have the relevant knowledge of food safety and attach importance to the quality of imported food safety. Before the new product is imported, we will understand whether the product conforms to our standards. However, the survey also showed that the subjects did not attach enough importance to the Chinese label of imported food. The investigated subjects are willing to participate in the study of food safety related laws and regulations, improve the business level, and jointly protect the import food safety. This paper puts forward the following suggestions for the inspection and supervision of imported food: "moving the gate forward", carrying out registration and registration administration for manufacturing enterprises, strengthening the integrity management of import and export enterprises, treating them differently according to the credit situation, perfecting relevant laws, regulations and standards, The inspection and quarantine department shall administer the administration according to law; apply risk management to the inspection and supervision of imported food, so as to improve the effectiveness of supervision; establish a multi-sector cooperation mechanism to effectively supervise imported food; and do a good job in publicizing laws and regulations and standards, Guide consumers to correctly identify eligible imported food, implement recall traceability system of unqualified food, and ensure people's health and safety.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F203;F426.82
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