【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展以及戶籍制度改革的不斷深化,中國(guó)統(tǒng)一的勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)正在逐步的形成,中國(guó)正經(jīng)歷一個(gè)舉世矚目的移民潮,農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)者們?cè)丛床粩嗟厍巴蟪鞘袑ふ覚C(jī)會(huì)。但是,隨之而來(lái)的問(wèn)題是,由于各方面的因素,農(nóng)民工在工資待遇上與城鎮(zhèn)戶籍職工差別很大,由此導(dǎo)致城鎮(zhèn)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)上城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異逐漸增大�，F(xiàn)階段城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異的主要影響因素是人力資本因素還是戶籍歧視?針對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題,本文通過(guò)實(shí)證研究城鎮(zhèn)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)上戶籍工資差異的現(xiàn)狀以及它的構(gòu)成,試圖來(lái)解釋城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異的成因。本文根據(jù)中國(guó)居民家庭收入項(xiàng)目(CHIPS)2002年與2007年的微觀調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),其中包含了城鎮(zhèn)職工(城市戶口)和農(nóng)民工(農(nóng)村戶口)兩個(gè)群體豐富的指標(biāo)信息。首先采用擴(kuò)展后的Mincer工資方程與Oaxaca分解,對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異進(jìn)行均值分解,分析不同人力資本因素對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異的影響。然后,運(yùn)用分位數(shù)回歸對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資整體分布上的差異進(jìn)行分解,將視角擴(kuò)展到整個(gè)工資水平分布,來(lái)進(jìn)一步考察戶籍工資差異在不同工資分布上的變化趨勢(shì)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),現(xiàn)階段影響城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異的主要因素始終是不同戶籍群體間的人力資本因素的差異,因此消除戶籍歧視并不能在本質(zhì)上消除城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異。提高農(nóng)民工群體的人力資本能力能夠從本質(zhì)上提升農(nóng)民工的職業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,縮小城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異。在人力資本因素中,受教育程度是導(dǎo)致城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異的主要因素,因此,縮小城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異最根本最有效的方法就是普及基礎(chǔ)教育,促進(jìn)教育的公平性,提高農(nóng)村人口的文化程度,縮小城鄉(xiāng)人口之間的文化程度的差異。最后,本文也分析討論了其他人力資本因素對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)戶籍工資差異的影響,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出來(lái)一些對(duì)策與建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy and the deepening of the reform of the household registration system, China's unified labor market is gradually forming, and China is experiencing a tide of immigrants that attracts worldwide attention. The rural laborer keeps going to the big cities in search of opportunities. However, the following problem is that, due to various factors, migrant workers and urban household registration workers in pay treatment is very different, resulting in the urban and rural labor market household registration wage gap gradually increased. At the present stage, is the main influencing factor of the difference between urban and rural household registration wage is human capital factor or household registration discrimination? In view of this problem, this paper tries to explain the causes of the difference of household registration wage in urban and rural areas through the empirical study of the status quo and composition of household registration wage differences in urban and rural labor markets. Based on the microcosmic survey data of Chinese household income project (CHIPS) in 2002 and 2007, this paper contains rich index information of urban workers (urban hukou) and migrant workers (rural hukou). Firstly, the extended Mincer wage equation and Oaxaca decomposition are used to decompose the urban-rural household register wage difference, and the influence of different human capital factors on the urban-rural household registration wage difference is analyzed. Then, by using quantile regression to decompose the differences in the overall distribution of urban and rural household registration wages, the perspective is extended to the whole wage level distribution to further investigate the change trend of the household registration wage differences in different wage distribution. It is found that the main factor affecting the wage difference between urban and rural residents at present is the difference of human capital among different household registration groups, so eliminating the discrimination of household registration can not eliminate the difference of salary between urban and rural household registration in essence. Improving the human capital ability of migrant workers can improve the professional competitiveness of migrant workers in essence and narrow the wage gap between urban and rural household registration. Among the factors of human capital, education level is the main factor leading to the difference between urban and rural household registration wage. Therefore, the most effective way to reduce the difference between urban and rural household registration wage is to popularize basic education and promote the equity of education. Improve the education level of rural population, reduce the difference between urban and rural population. Finally, this paper also analyzes and discusses the influence of other human capital factors on the urban-rural household registration wage difference, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on this basis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F249.24;D631.42

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本文編號(hào)：2199360