【摘要】：人民防空關(guān)系著國(guó)家的安危、民族的生存和人民的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全，是國(guó)防的重要組成部分。回顧我國(guó)人防建設(shè)發(fā)展歷程，經(jīng)歷了從人防到民防的轉(zhuǎn)變，從單純的防空用途到平戰(zhàn)結(jié)合的轉(zhuǎn)變。新形勢(shì)下，人防建設(shè)要實(shí)現(xiàn)與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)融合式發(fā)展，由此也對(duì)人防行政執(zhí)法提出了新要求。人防行政執(zhí)法是人防依法行政的一個(gè)重要方面，是人防行政機(jī)關(guān)依法對(duì)行政相對(duì)人行使權(quán)利、履行義務(wù)狀況進(jìn)行監(jiān)督檢查的行為，是確保人防國(guó)有資產(chǎn)免受或減少損失，保證人防工程及人防設(shè)備設(shè)施的戰(zhàn)時(shí)效能的有效手段，保證人防法律法規(guī)的貫徹執(zhí)行，維護(hù)人防法的嚴(yán)肅性和權(quán)威性，是人防事業(yè)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的保證。哈爾濱市是國(guó)家確定的一類(lèi)人防重點(diǎn)防護(hù)城市，城市人口多，防護(hù)目標(biāo)多，經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、軍事戰(zhàn)略地位十分重要。從哈爾濱市人防行政執(zhí)法的實(shí)踐來(lái)看，人防行政執(zhí)法案件更多地集中在結(jié)合民用建筑修建人防地下室和依法收繳人防易地建設(shè)費(fèi)以及人防工程的保護(hù)、開(kāi)發(fā)和利用。哈爾濱市人防行政執(zhí)法局成立11年來(lái)，堅(jiān)持嚴(yán)格規(guī)范執(zhí)法，不斷開(kāi)拓創(chuàng)新，行政執(zhí)法工作不斷踏上新臺(tái)階。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展，基本建設(shè)規(guī)模逐年加大，特別是房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)建設(shè)呈現(xiàn)超速發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)，作為與基本建設(shè)直接相關(guān)的人防行政執(zhí)法的工作量隨之大幅度增加，面臨著新的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)，人防行政執(zhí)法中暴露出的問(wèn)題也相應(yīng)增多，例如：人防法規(guī)缺乏科學(xué)性、可操作性；未批先建等違法行為比較普遍；社會(huì)各界對(duì)人防法規(guī)的認(rèn)知度不高；人防行政執(zhí)法隊(duì)伍建設(shè)亟待改善；執(zhí)法能力和執(zhí)法力度有待進(jìn)一步提高等。這些問(wèn)題如不加以研究解決，將在一定程度上影響人防執(zhí)法的效能，進(jìn)而危害人防事業(yè)的健康發(fā)展。把握和分析這些存在的問(wèn)題及其根源，并積極提出相應(yīng)的解決對(duì)策，既是當(dāng)前人防行政執(zhí)法工作的一項(xiàng)重要課題，也是人防工作的一項(xiàng)緊迫任務(wù)。本文通過(guò)調(diào)研哈爾濱市人防行政執(zhí)法工作的現(xiàn)狀及在實(shí)際工作中存在的問(wèn)題，進(jìn)而從加強(qiáng)宣傳，營(yíng)造良好的人防行政執(zhí)法環(huán)境;完善法規(guī)制度，，為人防執(zhí)法工作提供依據(jù)保障;夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，促進(jìn)執(zhí)法工作規(guī)范化;創(chuàng)新思維，不斷適應(yīng)執(zhí)法新形勢(shì);加強(qiáng)合作，創(chuàng)建齊抓共管的執(zhí)法信息平臺(tái)等方面探索有效途徑，力求推動(dòng)哈爾濱市人防行政執(zhí)法工作有序、順利開(kāi)展。
[Abstract]:Civil air defense is an important part of national defense, which relates to the safety of the nation, the survival of the nation and the safety of the people's life and property. Looking back on the development course of civil air defense construction in China, it has experienced the transition from civil air defense to civil air defense, from pure air defense use to the combination of peacetime and war. Under the new situation, civil air defense construction should realize the development of integration with economy and society, and thus put forward new requirements for civil air defense administrative law enforcement. Civil air defense administrative law enforcement is an important aspect of civil air defense administration according to law. It is the behavior of civil air defense administrative organs to exercise their rights and perform their duties according to law. It is also to ensure that civil air defense state-owned assets are protected from or reduced in losses. The effective means to ensure the wartime effectiveness of civil air defense engineering and civil air defense equipment and facilities, to ensure the implementation of civil air defense laws and regulations, and to safeguard the seriousness and authority of civil air defense law are the guarantees for the normal operation of civil air defense. Harbin is one of the most important cities for civil air defense, which has a large population and many protection targets, and is very important in economy, politics and military strategy. Judging from the practice of civil air defense administrative law enforcement in Harbin, civil air defense administrative law enforcement cases are more concentrated on the construction of civil air defense basements and collection of civil air defense construction fees and the protection, development and utilization of civil air defense projects in accordance with the law. Since the establishment of Harbin Civil Air Defense Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau 11 years ago, it has insisted on strictly standardizing the law enforcement, constantly opening up and innovating, and the administrative law enforcement work has constantly stepped onto a new level. With the continuous development of the economy, the scale of capital construction is increasing year by year, especially the development and construction of real estate show the trend of overspeed, and the workload of civil air defense administrative law enforcement, which is directly related to the capital construction, increases greatly. Faced with new opportunities and challenges, civil air defense administrative law enforcement has exposed more problems, such as: the lack of scientific civil air defense laws and regulations, operability; Illegal activities such as building without approval are common; the awareness of civil air defense laws and regulations is not high; the construction of civil air defense administrative law enforcement team needs to be improved urgently; the law enforcement ability and enforcement force need to be further improved. If these problems are not studied and solved, the effectiveness of civil air defense law enforcement will be affected to a certain extent and the healthy development of civil air defense cause will be jeopardized. It is not only an important subject of civil air defense administrative law enforcement work, but also an urgent task of civil air defense work to grasp and analyze these problems and their root causes, and to put forward corresponding countermeasures. Through investigating the current situation of civil air defense administrative law enforcement work in Harbin and the problems existing in the actual work, this paper will strengthen propaganda, create a good civil air defense administrative law enforcement environment, perfect the legal system, and provide the basis for civil air defense law enforcement work. To consolidate the foundation, to promote the standardization of law enforcement, to innovate thinking and to adapt to the new situation of law enforcement; In order to promote the orderly and smooth development of civil air defense administrative law enforcement work in Harbin, we should strengthen cooperation and establish a common law enforcement information platform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.1

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號(hào)：2351967