本文選題：廈門 + 中等收入群體　； 參考：《集美大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：中等收入群體是城市經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的最重要、最穩(wěn)定的階層，他們的存在對社會的穩(wěn)定繁榮、城市經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。近年來，廈門房地產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展較快，房價(jià)過高、漲幅過快，已遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了普通老百姓的實(shí)際購買力。雖然政府不斷加強(qiáng)房地產(chǎn)市場的宏觀調(diào)控，加大保障性住房的規(guī)劃與建設(shè)，但在政策設(shè)計(jì)中，卻忽視了中等收入群體的住房難問題。他們既買不起市場上的商品房，又享受不到保障性住房政策，被高房價(jià)擠出了市場，也被政府的住房保障體系排斥在外，成了名符其實(shí)的“夾心層”。 論文從馬克思主義理論、社會學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)等多角度闡述住房保障理論，為解決中等收入群體住房難問題提供理論支撐。界定了中等收入群體的對象，包括新就業(yè)職工、新引進(jìn)人才、外來務(wù)工人員、有能力購買保障性商品房或限價(jià)房，，但由于申購標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的限制而被擠入商品房市場的部分群體，以及本來有能力購買商品房但隨著房價(jià)的非理性上漲而被擠出市場的部分群體。同時(shí)，用五分組法和恩格爾系數(shù)法劃分了廈門市中等收入群體的可支配收入范圍，界定廈門市中等收入家庭年收入的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為9—15萬元，且每年呈現(xiàn)增長的趨勢。 論文通過調(diào)查問卷等方式，了解廈門市中等收入群體的住房情況、住房滿意度、住房需求情況。分析了中等收入群體住房難的癥結(jié)為：廈門房價(jià)收入比高，購房壓力大；住房保障體系不完善、保障力度不夠；公積金的“馬太效應(yīng)”削弱了住房保障的作用；城市島內(nèi)外發(fā)展的不平衡造成中等收入群體租購房困難。 國內(nèi)外典型城市在解決中等收入群體住房難問題上，已進(jìn)行了一定的探索。美國住房商品化、德國住宅儲蓄政策、日本的住宅立法、新加坡公共組屋制度、香港地區(qū)的公屋政策、重慶和杭州的公租房、限價(jià)房政策都值得廈門借鑒與學(xué)習(xí)。廈門應(yīng)借鑒經(jīng)驗(yàn)、結(jié)合實(shí)際，探索出一條適合廈門解決中等收入群體住房難問題的道路。解決廈門市中等收入群體住房問題，應(yīng)充分發(fā)揮政府主體作用，完善住房保障立法和住房規(guī)劃；形成保障性住房的定價(jià)聽證制度；發(fā)展限價(jià)房、公共租賃房、共有產(chǎn)權(quán)房，來解決中等收入群體住房問題；加強(qiáng)保障性住房的配套工作；完善住房需求體系和住房金融制度；政府積極創(chuàng)新住房保障工作，組建公司融資平臺，提高住房保障管理水平。
[Abstract]:Middle-income group is the most important and stable stratum in the development of urban economy and society. Their existence plays a vital role in the social stability and prosperity and the rapid development of urban economy. In recent years, Xiamen real estate industry develops rapidly, the house price is too high, the increase is too fast, has far exceeded the ordinary people's real purchasing power. Although the government has constantly strengthened the macro-control of the real estate market and increased the planning and construction of affordable housing, in the policy design, it has neglected the housing difficulties of the middle-income group. They can not afford the commercial housing in the market, nor can they enjoy the indemnificatory housing policy. They have been squeezed out of the market by the high housing prices and excluded by the housing security system of the government, so they have become the "sandwich layer" worthy of the name. This paper expounds the housing security theory from Marxist theory, sociology, economics and so on, which provides theoretical support for solving the housing problem of middle income group. Defining the target groups of middle-income groups, including newly employed workers, newly imported talents, migrant workers, those who have the ability to purchase affordable commercial housing or limited price housing, but have been squeezed into the commercial housing market because of the restrictions on requisition criteria, And those who were able to buy commercial housing but were squeezed out of the market as prices rose irrationally. At the same time, the disposable income range of middle income group in Xiamen is divided by using five groups method and Engel coefficient method. The standard of dividing income of middle income families in Xiamen is 9 to 150 thousand yuan, and it shows an increasing trend every year. In this paper, we investigate the housing situation, housing satisfaction and housing demand of the middle income group in Xiamen by means of questionnaire. This paper analyzes the crux of housing difficulties of middle income groups: Xiamen has a high housing price income ratio, high house purchase pressure, imperfect housing security system and insufficient protection strength, and the Matthew effect of provident fund weakens the role of housing security. The imbalance of the development inside and outside the city island causes the middle-income group to rent and purchase the house difficult. The typical cities at home and abroad have made some exploration to solve the housing problem of middle-income groups. Housing commercialization in the United States, housing saving policy in Germany, housing legislation in Japan, public housing system in Singapore, public housing policy in Hong Kong, public rental housing in Chongqing and Hangzhou, and price-limited housing policy are all worth learning from Xiamen. Xiamen should draw lessons from experience and combine with reality to find a way suitable for Xiamen to solve the housing problem of middle income group. To solve the housing problem of middle income group in Xiamen, we should give full play to the main role of the government, perfect the housing security legislation and housing planning, form the pricing hearing system of the indemnificatory housing, develop the limited price house, public rental house, common property right house, To solve the housing problem of middle-income group; strengthen the supporting work of affordable housing; improve the housing demand system and housing finance system; the government actively innovate housing security work, set up corporate financing platform, improve the level of housing security management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：集美大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F299.23

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