本文選題：競(jìng)租理論 + 城市土地利用與交通　； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)化和機(jī)動(dòng)化與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展水平密切相關(guān)，直接推動(dòng)城市人口和出行需求的持續(xù)快速增長(zhǎng)，但也帶來(lái)了一些負(fù)面的效應(yīng)和影響，例如人口過(guò)度集聚、交通擁堵嚴(yán)重、環(huán)境污染加劇、社會(huì)分配不公等。目前，，城市規(guī)劃和交通管理部門共同面臨的問(wèn)題和挑戰(zhàn)主要包括：如何制定有效的房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)政策和交通發(fā)展政策以保持社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)適度增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí)控制城市人口和出行需求的過(guò)快增長(zhǎng)？如何協(xié)調(diào)出行需求與交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)容量的關(guān)系以預(yù)防或緩解城市交通擁堵？從城市土地利用與交通一體化發(fā)展的視角來(lái)看，深入了解交通需求的“源”（土地利用）與交通供給的“流”（交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)）之間的互動(dòng)作用機(jī)制，建立土地利用與交通系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化模型框架，全面分析、評(píng)估不同的土地利用政策與交通發(fā)展策略對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能產(chǎn)生的影響，是解決上述問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵。 本文首先研究了城市土地利用與交通系統(tǒng)內(nèi)不同參與者之間的決策博弈行為及其互動(dòng)關(guān)系，并提出了一個(gè)開(kāi)放的、可擴(kuò)展的擬動(dòng)態(tài)模型框架；接著，在模型框架的基礎(chǔ)上，基于競(jìng)租理論，模擬了居民的居住選址決策和出行選擇以及房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)商的住房供應(yīng)決策，構(gòu)建了整體均衡的城市土地利用與交通一體化模型；此外，利用等價(jià)的數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃模型對(duì)解的存在性和唯一性進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證，給出了模型的參數(shù)估計(jì)方法和求解算法；最后探討了該模型在尋求最優(yōu)的土地利用與交通聯(lián)合發(fā)展策略上的應(yīng)用，提出了基于TS-DM策略的系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化模型，研究了TS-DM策略對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能的影響與優(yōu)化。 數(shù)學(xué)推導(dǎo)結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)出行時(shí)間價(jià)值和居住效用均相同時(shí)，交通設(shè)施改善帶來(lái)的出行費(fèi)用減少將導(dǎo)致房租（房?jī)r(jià)）的等額增加，從交通系統(tǒng)改善中獲益的只是房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)商而不是居民；而當(dāng)出行時(shí)間價(jià)值不同時(shí)，交通設(shè)施改善帶來(lái)的出行費(fèi)用減少也會(huì)導(dǎo)致房租（房?jī)r(jià)）的等額增加，同時(shí)，收入水平較高且出行時(shí)間價(jià)值較高的居民從交通設(shè)施的改善中獲益更大。這些結(jié)果暗示了交通設(shè)施的改善可能會(huì)帶來(lái)負(fù)面效應(yīng)，算例分析結(jié)果也得出類似的結(jié)論：TS-DM策略對(duì)交通擁堵、居住選址、出行選擇、土地利用模式等的優(yōu)化均具有積極的作用，能為城市管理者把握各種政策或策略的實(shí)施效果以及在開(kāi)發(fā)土地和發(fā)展交通的過(guò)程中選擇最優(yōu)的TS-DM策略提供有力的依據(jù)，對(duì)促進(jìn)城市土地利用與交通發(fā)展的良性循環(huán)，有效預(yù)防和緩解交通擁堵的產(chǎn)生，促進(jìn)城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要的理論意義與應(yīng)用價(jià)值，同時(shí)，TS-DM策略會(huì)使消費(fèi)者盈余經(jīng)歷一個(gè)損失的過(guò)程，其實(shí)質(zhì)可能會(huì)損害某些群體的利益，給社會(huì)帶來(lái)負(fù)面影響。
[Abstract]:Urbanization and motorization are closely related to the level of social and economic development, which directly promote the sustained and rapid growth of urban population and travel demand, but also bring some negative effects and effects, such as excessive population agglomeration, serious traffic congestion, The environment pollution intensifies, the society distributes unfairly and so on. At present, The common problems and challenges faced by urban planning and traffic management departments include: how to formulate effective real estate development policies and traffic development policies to maintain moderate socio-economic growth while controlling urban population and travel Excessive growth in demand? How to coordinate the relationship between travel demand and traffic network capacity to prevent or alleviate urban traffic congestion? From the perspective of the integrated development of urban land use and transportation, the interaction mechanism between the "source" of traffic demand (land use) and the "flow" of traffic supply (traffic network) is deeply understood. The key to solve the above problems is to establish an optimized model framework of land use and transportation system, to analyze comprehensively and evaluate the impact of different land use policies and traffic development strategies on the system performance. In this paper, the decision game behavior and its interaction between different participants in urban land use and traffic system are studied, and an open and extensible quasi-dynamic model framework is proposed. Based on the theory of competitive rent, this paper simulates the residential location decision and travel choice of residents and the housing supply decision of real estate developers, and constructs a balanced urban land use and transportation integration model. The existence and uniqueness of the solution are verified by using the equivalent mathematical programming model, the parameter estimation method and the solution algorithm of the model are given, and the application of the model in the joint development strategy of land use and transportation is discussed. A system optimization model based on TS-DM strategy is proposed, and the influence and optimization of TS-DM policy on system performance are studied. The mathematical results show that when the travel time value is equal to the residence utility, the reduced travel cost caused by the improvement of transportation facilities will lead to an equal increase in the rent (house price). It is real estate developers, not residents, who benefit from improvements in the transportation system; and when travel time values vary, reduced travel costs from improved transport facilities can lead to an equal increase in rents (house prices). Residents with higher incomes and higher travel time value benefit more from improved transport facilities. These results imply that the improvement of transportation facilities may bring negative effects, and a similar conclusion can be drawn from the analysis of examples that the solution of the: TS-DM strategy has a positive effect on the optimization of traffic congestion, residential location, travel choice, land use patterns, and so on. It can provide a powerful basis for city managers to grasp the implementation effect of various policies or strategies and to choose the best TS-DM strategy in the process of land development and transportation development, which can promote the benign cycle of urban land use and traffic development. Effective prevention and mitigation of traffic congestion and promotion of sustainable urban development have important theoretical significance and application value. At the same time, TS-DM strategy will make consumer surplus go through a process of loss, which may harm the interests of certain groups in essence. Have a negative impact on society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F293.2;U12

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