本文選題：船載光電項(xiàng)目　切入點(diǎn)：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著社會的發(fā)展,國家對科技發(fā)展越來越重視,科研項(xiàng)目呈現(xiàn)出經(jīng)費(fèi)和數(shù)量雙增長的趨勢,項(xiàng)目延期和完成率低下也成為一個難題,如何科學(xué)有效的對科研項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行管理,降低項(xiàng)目實(shí)施風(fēng)險(xiǎn),降低損失逐漸成為高�？蒲性核株P(guān)心的課題。我國對項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理研究起步較晚,研究多針對工程項(xiàng)目或企業(yè)項(xiàng)目,在風(fēng)電、房地產(chǎn)、大型工程等多個領(lǐng)域開展了豐富的研究,但關(guān)于科研項(xiàng)目的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理研究相對較少,理論研究一般針對識別、評估、應(yīng)對中的某種方法,總體實(shí)踐應(yīng)用研究很少,集中在航空航天科研項(xiàng)目和大型裝備類科研項(xiàng)目。本文首次以船載光電項(xiàng)目作為研究對象,根據(jù)船載光電類項(xiàng)目獨(dú)特特點(diǎn),借助項(xiàng)目管理、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理相關(guān)理論方法,研究如何對S船載光電監(jiān)控項(xiàng)目研發(fā)過程中可能的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行識別、評估和應(yīng)對,選擇合適的方法,并記錄實(shí)施效果,總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn),其中,如何選取有效的識別方法、評估方式和應(yīng)對措施是本文的難點(diǎn)。第一章緒論主要介紹研究背景、意義、內(nèi)容方法和技術(shù)路線,第二章闡述了本文用到的相關(guān)理論和研究現(xiàn)狀,第三章對S船載光電監(jiān)控項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行了總體概述,主要從執(zhí)行項(xiàng)目背景、研發(fā)內(nèi)容和目標(biāo)、項(xiàng)目架構(gòu)三個方面進(jìn)行介紹,其中對項(xiàng)目架構(gòu)進(jìn)行了 WBS(Work Breakdown Structure)、OBS(Organization Breakdown Structure)、PBS(Product Breakdown Structure)分解,為風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識別打下基礎(chǔ),然后制定項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理規(guī)劃,制定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理方案。第四章建立WBS-OBS-PBS模型,通過歷史資料法、檢查表法和頭腦風(fēng)暴法識別項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)點(diǎn),利用層次分析法構(gòu)建判斷矩陣,根據(jù)權(quán)重對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行排序,在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用模糊評價法對項(xiàng)目開展風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價。第五章根據(jù)權(quán)重和排序?qū)L(fēng)險(xiǎn)分為三種類型,對于重要風(fēng)險(xiǎn),制定"事前-事中-事后"應(yīng)對措施,降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)損失,對于一般風(fēng)險(xiǎn),制定"控制、規(guī)避、轉(zhuǎn)移、轉(zhuǎn)換、補(bǔ)償"相應(yīng)對策,制定突發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對策略,動態(tài)循環(huán)實(shí)施風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)控,及早發(fā)現(xiàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),降低損失。第六章將項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理實(shí)施效果分別與合同和歷史項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行對比,檢查風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理效果,總結(jié)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。第七章對全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)和展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of the society, the country pays more and more attention to the development of science and technology, and the scientific research projects show a trend of double increase in expenditure and quantity. The low rate of project extension and completion has also become a difficult problem. How to manage the scientific research projects scientifically and effectively, Reducing the risk of project implementation and reducing losses have gradually become a topic of great concern to scientific research institutes in colleges and universities. In China, the research on project risk management started relatively late, and the research mostly focused on engineering projects or enterprise projects, wind power, real estate, A lot of research has been carried out in many fields, such as large-scale engineering, but the research on risk management of scientific research projects is relatively few. The theoretical research is generally aimed at some method of identification, evaluation and response, and the overall practical application research is very few. Focusing on aerospace scientific research projects and large-scale equipment research projects. This paper takes the shipborne photovoltaic projects as the research object for the first time, according to the unique characteristics of shipborne photovoltaic projects, with the help of project management, risk management related theoretical methods, This paper studies how to identify, evaluate and deal with the possible risk points in the R & D process of S-ship photoelectric monitoring project, select the appropriate method, record the effect of the implementation, sum up the experience, and how to select the effective identification method. The first chapter introduces the research background, significance, content method and technical route, and the second chapter describes the relevant theories and research status of this paper, the first chapter introduces the research background, the significance, the content method and the technical route, the second chapter elaborated the related theory and the research present situation of this article. The third chapter gives a general overview of S shipborne optoelectronic monitoring project, mainly from three aspects: implementation background, research and development contents and objectives, and project architecture, in which the project architecture is decomposed by WBS(Work Breakdown structure Organization Breakdown structure structure. It lays the foundation for risk identification, then makes project risk management planning and risk management plan. Chapter 4th establishes WBS-OBS-PBS model, identifies project risk points by historical data method, check table method and brainstorming method. Using AHP to construct judgment matrix, ranking the risk according to the weight, then using fuzzy evaluation method to carry out the risk evaluation of the project. Chapter 5th divides the risk into three types according to the weight and ranking, for the important risk, To formulate the countermeasures of "fore-in-the-hind- afterwards", to reduce the risk loss, to formulate the corresponding countermeasures of "control, avoid, transfer, transform and compensate" for the general risk, to formulate the strategy of dealing with the sudden risk, and to implement the risk monitoring and control by dynamic circulation. Chapter 6th compares the implementation effect of project risk management with contract and historical project, checks the effect of risk management, and summarizes the practical experience. Chapter 7th summarizes and looks forward to the full text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U665

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